kernel/hrtimer.c

/*
 *  linux/kernel/hrtimer.c
 *
 *  Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
 *  Copyright(C) 2005-2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
 *  Copyright(C) 2006-2007  Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner
 *
 *  High-resolution kernel timers
 *
 *  In contrast to the low-resolution timeout API implemented in
 *  kernel/timer.c, hrtimers provide finer resolution and accuracy
 *  depending on system configuration and capabilities.
 *
 *  These timers are currently used for:
 *   - itimers
 *   - POSIX timers
 *   - nanosleep
 *   - precise in-kernel timing
 *
 *  Started by: Thomas Gleixner and Ingo Molnar
 *
 *  Credits:
 *	based on kernel/timer.c
 *
 *	Help, testing, suggestions, bugfixes, improvements were
 *	provided by:
 *
 *	George Anzinger, Andrew Morton, Steven Rostedt, Roman Zippel
 *	et. al.
 *
 *  For licencing details see kernel-base/COPYING
 */

#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/hrtimer.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/tick.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/err.h>

#include <asm/uaccess.h>

/**
 * ktime_get - get the monotonic time in ktime_t format
 *
 * returns the time in ktime_t format
 */
ktime_t ktime_get(void)
{
	struct timespec now;

	ktime_get_ts(&now);

	return timespec_to_ktime(now);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ktime_get);

/**
 * ktime_get_real - get the real (wall-) time in ktime_t format
 *
 * returns the time in ktime_t format
 */
ktime_t ktime_get_real(void)
{
	struct timespec now;

	getnstimeofday(&now);

	return timespec_to_ktime(now);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ktime_get_real);

/*
 * The timer bases:
 *
 * Note: If we want to add new timer bases, we have to skip the two
 * clock ids captured by the cpu-timers. We do this by holding empty
 * entries rather than doing math adjustment of the clock ids.
 * This ensures that we capture erroneous accesses to these clock ids
 * rather than moving them into the range of valid clock id's.
 */
DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct hrtimer_cpu_base, hrtimer_bases) =
{

	.clock_base =
	{
		{
			.index = CLOCK_REALTIME,
			.get_time = &ktime_get_real,
			.resolution = KTIME_LOW_RES,
		},
		{
			.index = CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
			.get_time = &ktime_get,
			.resolution = KTIME_LOW_RES,
		},
	}
};

/**
 * ktime_get_ts - get the monotonic clock in timespec format
 * @ts:		pointer to timespec variable
 *
 * The function calculates the monotonic clock from the realtime
 * clock and the wall_to_monotonic offset and stores the result
 * in normalized timespec format in the variable pointed to by @ts.
 */
void ktime_get_ts(struct timespec *ts)
{
	struct timespec tomono;
	unsigned long seq;

	do {
		seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock);
		getnstimeofday(ts);
		tomono = wall_to_monotonic;

	} while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));

	set_normalized_timespec(ts, ts->tv_sec + tomono.tv_sec,
				ts->tv_nsec + tomono.tv_nsec);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ktime_get_ts);

/*
 * Get the coarse grained time at the softirq based on xtime and
 * wall_to_monotonic.
 */
static void hrtimer_get_softirq_time(struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base)
{
	ktime_t xtim, tomono;
	struct timespec xts, tom;
	unsigned long seq;

	do {
		seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock);
		xts = current_kernel_time();
		tom = wall_to_monotonic;
	} while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));

	xtim = timespec_to_ktime(xts);
	tomono = timespec_to_ktime(tom);
	base->clock_base[CLOCK_REALTIME].softirq_time = xtim;
	base->clock_base[CLOCK_MONOTONIC].softirq_time =
		ktime_add(xtim, tomono);
}

/*
 * Helper function to check, whether the timer is running the callback
 * function
 */
static inline int hrtimer_callback_running(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	return timer->state & HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK;
}

/*
 * Functions and macros which are different for UP/SMP systems are kept in a
 * single place
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

/*
 * We are using hashed locking: holding per_cpu(hrtimer_bases)[n].lock
 * means that all timers which are tied to this base via timer->base are
 * locked, and the base itself is locked too.
 *
 * So __run_timers/migrate_timers can safely modify all timers which could
 * be found on the lists/queues.
 *
 * When the timer's base is locked, and the timer removed from list, it is
 * possible to set timer->base = NULL and drop the lock: the timer remains
 * locked.
 */
static
struct hrtimer_clock_base *lock_hrtimer_base(const struct hrtimer *timer,
					     unsigned long *flags)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base;

	for (;;) {
		base = timer->base;
		if (likely(base != NULL)) {
			spin_lock_irqsave(&base->cpu_base->lock, *flags);
			if (likely(base == timer->base))
				return base;
			/* The timer has migrated to another CPU: */
			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->cpu_base->lock, *flags);
		}
		cpu_relax();
	}
}

/*
 * Switch the timer base to the current CPU when possible.
 */
static inline struct hrtimer_clock_base *
switch_hrtimer_base(struct hrtimer *timer, struct hrtimer_clock_base *base)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *new_base;
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *new_cpu_base;

	new_cpu_base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
	new_base = &new_cpu_base->clock_base[base->index];

	if (base != new_base) {
		/*
		 * We are trying to schedule the timer on the local CPU.
		 * However we can't change timer's base while it is running,
		 * so we keep it on the same CPU. No hassle vs. reprogramming
		 * the event source in the high resolution case. The softirq
		 * code will take care of this when the timer function has
		 * completed. There is no conflict as we hold the lock until
		 * the timer is enqueued.
		 */
		if (unlikely(hrtimer_callback_running(timer)))
			return base;

		/* See the comment in lock_timer_base() */
		timer->base = NULL;
		spin_unlock(&base->cpu_base->lock);
		spin_lock(&new_base->cpu_base->lock);
		timer->base = new_base;
	}
	return new_base;
}

#else /* CONFIG_SMP */

static inline struct hrtimer_clock_base *
lock_hrtimer_base(const struct hrtimer *timer, unsigned long *flags)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base = timer->base;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&base->cpu_base->lock, *flags);

	return base;
}

# define switch_hrtimer_base(t, b)	(b)

#endif	/* !CONFIG_SMP */

/*
 * Functions for the union type storage format of ktime_t which are
 * too large for inlining:
 */
#if BITS_PER_LONG < 64
# ifndef CONFIG_KTIME_SCALAR
/**
 * ktime_add_ns - Add a scalar nanoseconds value to a ktime_t variable
 * @kt:		addend
 * @nsec:	the scalar nsec value to add
 *
 * Returns the sum of kt and nsec in ktime_t format
 */
ktime_t ktime_add_ns(const ktime_t kt, u64 nsec)
{
	ktime_t tmp;

	if (likely(nsec < NSEC_PER_SEC)) {
		tmp.tv64 = nsec;
	} else {
		unsigned long rem = do_div(nsec, NSEC_PER_SEC);

		tmp = ktime_set((long)nsec, rem);
	}

	return ktime_add(kt, tmp);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ktime_add_ns);

/**
 * ktime_sub_ns - Subtract a scalar nanoseconds value from a ktime_t variable
 * @kt:		minuend
 * @nsec:	the scalar nsec value to subtract
 *
 * Returns the subtraction of @nsec from @kt in ktime_t format
 */
ktime_t ktime_sub_ns(const ktime_t kt, u64 nsec)
{
	ktime_t tmp;

	if (likely(nsec < NSEC_PER_SEC)) {
		tmp.tv64 = nsec;
	} else {
		unsigned long rem = do_div(nsec, NSEC_PER_SEC);

		tmp = ktime_set((long)nsec, rem);
	}

	return ktime_sub(kt, tmp);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ktime_sub_ns);
# endif /* !CONFIG_KTIME_SCALAR */

/*
 * Divide a ktime value by a nanosecond value
 */
u64 ktime_divns(const ktime_t kt, s64 div)
{
	u64 dclc, inc, dns;
	int sft = 0;

	dclc = dns = ktime_to_ns(kt);
	inc = div;
	/* Make sure the divisor is less than 2^32: */
	while (div >> 32) {
		sft++;
		div >>= 1;
	}
	dclc >>= sft;
	do_div(dclc, (unsigned long) div);

	return dclc;
}
#endif /* BITS_PER_LONG >= 64 */

/*
 * Add two ktime values and do a safety check for overflow:
 */
ktime_t ktime_add_safe(const ktime_t lhs, const ktime_t rhs)
{
	ktime_t res = ktime_add(lhs, rhs);

	/*
	 * We use KTIME_SEC_MAX here, the maximum timeout which we can
	 * return to user space in a timespec:
	 */
	if (res.tv64 < 0 || res.tv64 < lhs.tv64 || res.tv64 < rhs.tv64)
		res = ktime_set(KTIME_SEC_MAX, 0);

	return res;
}

/*
 * Check, whether the timer is on the callback pending list
 */
static inline int hrtimer_cb_pending(const struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	return timer->state & HRTIMER_STATE_PENDING;
}

/*
 * Remove a timer from the callback pending list
 */
static inline void hrtimer_remove_cb_pending(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	list_del_init(&timer->cb_entry);
}

/* High resolution timer related functions */
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS

/*
 * High resolution timer enabled ?
 */
static int hrtimer_hres_enabled __read_mostly  = 1;

/*
 * Enable / Disable high resolution mode
 */
static int __init setup_hrtimer_hres(char *str)
{
	if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
		hrtimer_hres_enabled = 0;
	else if (!strcmp(str, "on"))
		hrtimer_hres_enabled = 1;
	else
		return 0;
	return 1;
}

__setup("highres=", setup_hrtimer_hres);

/*
 * hrtimer_high_res_enabled - query, if the highres mode is enabled
 */
static inline int hrtimer_is_hres_enabled(void)
{
	return hrtimer_hres_enabled;
}

/*
 * Is the high resolution mode active ?
 */
static inline int hrtimer_hres_active(void)
{
	return __get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases).hres_active;
}

/*
 * Reprogram the event source with checking both queues for the
 * next event
 * Called with interrupts disabled and base->lock held
 */
static void hrtimer_force_reprogram(struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base)
{
	int i;
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base = cpu_base->clock_base;
	ktime_t expires;

	cpu_base->expires_next.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;

	for (i = 0; i < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; i++, base++) {
		struct hrtimer *timer;

		if (!base->first)
			continue;
		timer = rb_entry(base->first, struct hrtimer, node);
		expires = ktime_sub(timer->expires, base->offset);
		if (expires.tv64 < cpu_base->expires_next.tv64)
			cpu_base->expires_next = expires;
	}

	if (cpu_base->expires_next.tv64 != KTIME_MAX)
		tick_program_event(cpu_base->expires_next, 1);
}

/*
 * Shared reprogramming for clock_realtime and clock_monotonic
 *
 * When a timer is enqueued and expires earlier than the already enqueued
 * timers, we have to check, whether it expires earlier than the timer for
 * which the clock event device was armed.
 *
 * Called with interrupts disabled and base->cpu_base.lock held
 */
static int hrtimer_reprogram(struct hrtimer *timer,
			     struct hrtimer_clock_base *base)
{
	ktime_t *expires_next = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases).expires_next;
	ktime_t expires = ktime_sub(timer->expires, base->offset);
	int res;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(timer->expires.tv64 < 0);

	/*
	 * When the callback is running, we do not reprogram the clock event
	 * device. The timer callback is either running on a different CPU or
	 * the callback is executed in the hrtimer_interrupt context. The
	 * reprogramming is handled either by the softirq, which called the
	 * callback or at the end of the hrtimer_interrupt.
	 */
	if (hrtimer_callback_running(timer))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * CLOCK_REALTIME timer might be requested with an absolute
	 * expiry time which is less than base->offset. Nothing wrong
	 * about that, just avoid to call into the tick code, which
	 * has now objections against negative expiry values.
	 */
	if (expires.tv64 < 0)
		return -ETIME;

	if (expires.tv64 >= expires_next->tv64)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Clockevents returns -ETIME, when the event was in the past.
	 */
	res = tick_program_event(expires, 0);
	if (!IS_ERR_VALUE(res))
		*expires_next = expires;
	return res;
}


/*
 * Retrigger next event is called after clock was set
 *
 * Called with interrupts disabled via on_each_cpu()
 */
static void retrigger_next_event(void *arg)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base;
	struct timespec realtime_offset;
	unsigned long seq;

	if (!hrtimer_hres_active())
		return;

	do {
		seq = read_seqbegin(&xtime_lock);
		set_normalized_timespec(&realtime_offset,
					-wall_to_monotonic.tv_sec,
					-wall_to_monotonic.tv_nsec);
	} while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));

	base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);

	/* Adjust CLOCK_REALTIME offset */
	spin_lock(&base->lock);
	base->clock_base[CLOCK_REALTIME].offset =
		timespec_to_ktime(realtime_offset);

	hrtimer_force_reprogram(base);
	spin_unlock(&base->lock);
}

/*
 * Clock realtime was set
 *
 * Change the offset of the realtime clock vs. the monotonic
 * clock.
 *
 * We might have to reprogram the high resolution timer interrupt. On
 * SMP we call the architecture specific code to retrigger _all_ high
 * resolution timer interrupts. On UP we just disable interrupts and
 * call the high resolution interrupt code.
 */
void clock_was_set(void)
{
	/* Retrigger the CPU local events everywhere */
	on_each_cpu(retrigger_next_event, NULL, 0, 1);
}

/*
 * During resume we might have to reprogram the high resolution timer
 * interrupt (on the local CPU):
 */
void hres_timers_resume(void)
{
	WARN_ON_ONCE(num_online_cpus() > 1);

	/* Retrigger the CPU local events: */
	retrigger_next_event(NULL);
}

/*
 * Initialize the high resolution related parts of cpu_base
 */
static inline void hrtimer_init_hres(struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base)
{
	base->expires_next.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;
	base->hres_active = 0;
}

/*
 * Initialize the high resolution related parts of a hrtimer
 */
static inline void hrtimer_init_timer_hres(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
}

/*
 * When High resolution timers are active, try to reprogram. Note, that in case
 * the state has HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK set, no reprogramming and no expiry
 * check happens. The timer gets enqueued into the rbtree. The reprogramming
 * and expiry check is done in the hrtimer_interrupt or in the softirq.
 */
static inline int hrtimer_enqueue_reprogram(struct hrtimer *timer,
					    struct hrtimer_clock_base *base)
{
	if (base->cpu_base->hres_active && hrtimer_reprogram(timer, base)) {

		/* Timer is expired, act upon the callback mode */
		switch(timer->cb_mode) {
		case HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_RESTART:
			/*
			 * We can call the callback from here. No restart
			 * happens, so no danger of recursion
			 */
			BUG_ON(timer->function(timer) != HRTIMER_NORESTART);
			return 1;
		case HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_SOFTIRQ:
			/*
			 * This is solely for the sched tick emulation with
			 * dynamic tick support to ensure that we do not
			 * restart the tick right on the edge and end up with
			 * the tick timer in the softirq ! The calling site
			 * takes care of this.
			 */
			return 1;
		case HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE:
		case HRTIMER_CB_SOFTIRQ:
			/*
			 * Move everything else into the softirq pending list !
			 */
			list_add_tail(&timer->cb_entry,
				      &base->cpu_base->cb_pending);
			timer->state = HRTIMER_STATE_PENDING;
			return 1;
		default:
			BUG();
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Switch to high resolution mode
 */
static int hrtimer_switch_to_hres(void)
{
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base = &per_cpu(hrtimer_bases, cpu);
	unsigned long flags;

	if (base->hres_active)
		return 1;

	local_irq_save(flags);

	if (tick_init_highres()) {
		local_irq_restore(flags);
		printk(KERN_WARNING "Could not switch to high resolution "
				    "mode on CPU %d\n", cpu);
		return 0;
	}
	base->hres_active = 1;
	base->clock_base[CLOCK_REALTIME].resolution = KTIME_HIGH_RES;
	base->clock_base[CLOCK_MONOTONIC].resolution = KTIME_HIGH_RES;

	tick_setup_sched_timer();

	/* "Retrigger" the interrupt to get things going */
	retrigger_next_event(NULL);
	local_irq_restore(flags);
	printk(KERN_DEBUG "Switched to high resolution mode on CPU %d\n",
	       smp_processor_id());
	return 1;
}

static inline void hrtimer_raise_softirq(void)
{
	raise_softirq(HRTIMER_SOFTIRQ);
}

#else

static inline int hrtimer_hres_active(void) { return 0; }
static inline int hrtimer_is_hres_enabled(void) { return 0; }
static inline int hrtimer_switch_to_hres(void) { return 0; }
static inline void hrtimer_force_reprogram(struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base) { }
static inline int hrtimer_enqueue_reprogram(struct hrtimer *timer,
					    struct hrtimer_clock_base *base)
{
	return 0;
}
static inline void hrtimer_init_hres(struct hrtimer_cpu_base *base) { }
static inline void hrtimer_init_timer_hres(struct hrtimer *timer) { }
static inline int hrtimer_reprogram(struct hrtimer *timer,
				    struct hrtimer_clock_base *base)
{
	return 0;
}
static inline void hrtimer_raise_softirq(void) { }

#endif /* CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS */

#ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS
void __timer_stats_hrtimer_set_start_info(struct hrtimer *timer, void *addr)
{
	if (timer->start_site)
		return;

	timer->start_site = addr;
	memcpy(timer->start_comm, current->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN);
	timer->start_pid = current->pid;
}
#endif

/*
 * Counterpart to lock_hrtimer_base above:
 */
static inline
void unlock_hrtimer_base(const struct hrtimer *timer, unsigned long *flags)
{
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&timer->base->cpu_base->lock, *flags);
}

/**
 * hrtimer_forward - forward the timer expiry
 * @timer:	hrtimer to forward
 * @now:	forward past this time
 * @interval:	the interval to forward
 *
 * Forward the timer expiry so it will expire in the future.
 * Returns the number of overruns.
 */
u64 hrtimer_forward(struct hrtimer *timer, ktime_t now, ktime_t interval)
{
	u64 orun = 1;
	ktime_t delta;

	delta = ktime_sub(now, timer->expires);

	if (delta.tv64 < 0)
		return 0;

	if (interval.tv64 < timer->base->resolution.tv64)
		interval.tv64 = timer->base->resolution.tv64;

	if (unlikely(delta.tv64 >= interval.tv64)) {
		s64 incr = ktime_to_ns(interval);

		orun = ktime_divns(delta, incr);
		timer->expires = ktime_add_ns(timer->expires, incr * orun);
		if (timer->expires.tv64 > now.tv64)
			return orun;
		/*
		 * This (and the ktime_add() below) is the
		 * correction for exact:
		 */
		orun++;
	}
	timer->expires = ktime_add_safe(timer->expires, interval);

	return orun;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_forward);

/*
 * enqueue_hrtimer - internal function to (re)start a timer
 *
 * The timer is inserted in expiry order. Insertion into the
 * red black tree is O(log(n)). Must hold the base lock.
 */
static void enqueue_hrtimer(struct hrtimer *timer,
			    struct hrtimer_clock_base *base, int reprogram)
{
	struct rb_node **link = &base->active.rb_node;
	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
	struct hrtimer *entry;
	int leftmost = 1;

	/*
	 * Find the right place in the rbtree:
	 */
	while (*link) {
		parent = *link;
		entry = rb_entry(parent, struct hrtimer, node);
		/*
		 * We dont care about collisions. Nodes with
		 * the same expiry time stay together.
		 */
		if (timer->expires.tv64 < entry->expires.tv64) {
			link = &(*link)->rb_left;
		} else {
			link = &(*link)->rb_right;
			leftmost = 0;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Insert the timer to the rbtree and check whether it
	 * replaces the first pending timer
	 */
	if (leftmost) {
		/*
		 * Reprogram the clock event device. When the timer is already
		 * expired hrtimer_enqueue_reprogram has either called the
		 * callback or added it to the pending list and raised the
		 * softirq.
		 *
		 * This is a NOP for !HIGHRES
		 */
		if (reprogram && hrtimer_enqueue_reprogram(timer, base))
			return;

		base->first = &timer->node;
	}

	rb_link_node(&timer->node, parent, link);
	rb_insert_color(&timer->node, &base->active);
	/*
	 * HRTIMER_STATE_ENQUEUED is or'ed to the current state to preserve the
	 * state of a possibly running callback.
	 */
	timer->state |= HRTIMER_STATE_ENQUEUED;
}

/*
 * __remove_hrtimer - internal function to remove a timer
 *
 * Caller must hold the base lock.
 *
 * High resolution timer mode reprograms the clock event device when the
 * timer is the one which expires next. The caller can disable this by setting
 * reprogram to zero. This is useful, when the context does a reprogramming
 * anyway (e.g. timer interrupt)
 */
static void __remove_hrtimer(struct hrtimer *timer,
			     struct hrtimer_clock_base *base,
			     unsigned long newstate, int reprogram)
{
	/* High res. callback list. NOP for !HIGHRES */
	if (hrtimer_cb_pending(timer))
		hrtimer_remove_cb_pending(timer);
	else {
		/*
		 * Remove the timer from the rbtree and replace the
		 * first entry pointer if necessary.
		 */
		if (base->first == &timer->node) {
			base->first = rb_next(&timer->node);
			/* Reprogram the clock event device. if enabled */
			if (reprogram && hrtimer_hres_active())
				hrtimer_force_reprogram(base->cpu_base);
		}
		rb_erase(&timer->node, &base->active);
	}
	timer->state = newstate;
}

/*
 * remove hrtimer, called with base lock held
 */
static inline int
remove_hrtimer(struct hrtimer *timer, struct hrtimer_clock_base *base)
{
	if (hrtimer_is_queued(timer)) {
		int reprogram;

		/*
		 * Remove the timer and force reprogramming when high
		 * resolution mode is active and the timer is on the current
		 * CPU. If we remove a timer on another CPU, reprogramming is
		 * skipped. The interrupt event on this CPU is fired and
		 * reprogramming happens in the interrupt handler. This is a
		 * rare case and less expensive than a smp call.
		 */
		timer_stats_hrtimer_clear_start_info(timer);
		reprogram = base->cpu_base == &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
		__remove_hrtimer(timer, base, HRTIMER_STATE_INACTIVE,
				 reprogram);
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

/**
 * hrtimer_start - (re)start an relative timer on the current CPU
 * @timer:	the timer to be added
 * @tim:	expiry time
 * @mode:	expiry mode: absolute (HRTIMER_ABS) or relative (HRTIMER_REL)
 *
 * Returns:
 *  0 on success
 *  1 when the timer was active
 */
int
hrtimer_start(struct hrtimer *timer, ktime_t tim, const enum hrtimer_mode mode)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base, *new_base;
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret, raise;

	base = lock_hrtimer_base(timer, &flags);

	/* Remove an active timer from the queue: */
	ret = remove_hrtimer(timer, base);

	/* Switch the timer base, if necessary: */
	new_base = switch_hrtimer_base(timer, base);

	if (mode == HRTIMER_MODE_REL) {
		tim = ktime_add_safe(tim, new_base->get_time());
		/*
		 * CONFIG_TIME_LOW_RES is a temporary way for architectures
		 * to signal that they simply return xtime in
		 * do_gettimeoffset(). In this case we want to round up by
		 * resolution when starting a relative timer, to avoid short
		 * timeouts. This will go away with the GTOD framework.
		 */
#ifdef CONFIG_TIME_LOW_RES
		tim = ktime_add_safe(tim, base->resolution);
#endif
	}
	timer->expires = tim;

	timer_stats_hrtimer_set_start_info(timer);

	/*
	 * Only allow reprogramming if the new base is on this CPU.
	 * (it might still be on another CPU if the timer was pending)
	 */
	enqueue_hrtimer(timer, new_base,
			new_base->cpu_base == &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases));

	/*
	 * The timer may be expired and moved to the cb_pending
	 * list. We can not raise the softirq with base lock held due
	 * to a possible deadlock with runqueue lock.
	 */
	raise = timer->state == HRTIMER_STATE_PENDING;

	unlock_hrtimer_base(timer, &flags);

	if (raise)
		hrtimer_raise_softirq();

	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_start);

/**
 * hrtimer_try_to_cancel - try to deactivate a timer
 * @timer:	hrtimer to stop
 *
 * Returns:
 *  0 when the timer was not active
 *  1 when the timer was active
 * -1 when the timer is currently excuting the callback function and
 *    cannot be stopped
 */
int hrtimer_try_to_cancel(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base;
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret = -1;

	base = lock_hrtimer_base(timer, &flags);

	if (!hrtimer_callback_running(timer))
		ret = remove_hrtimer(timer, base);

	unlock_hrtimer_base(timer, &flags);

	return ret;

}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_try_to_cancel);

/**
 * hrtimer_cancel - cancel a timer and wait for the handler to finish.
 * @timer:	the timer to be cancelled
 *
 * Returns:
 *  0 when the timer was not active
 *  1 when the timer was active
 */
int hrtimer_cancel(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	for (;;) {
		int ret = hrtimer_try_to_cancel(timer);

		if (ret >= 0)
			return ret;
		cpu_relax();
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_cancel);

/**
 * hrtimer_get_remaining - get remaining time for the timer
 * @timer:	the timer to read
 */
ktime_t hrtimer_get_remaining(const struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base;
	unsigned long flags;
	ktime_t rem;

	base = lock_hrtimer_base(timer, &flags);
	rem = ktime_sub(timer->expires, base->get_time());
	unlock_hrtimer_base(timer, &flags);

	return rem;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_get_remaining);

#if defined(CONFIG_NO_IDLE_HZ) || defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ)
/**
 * hrtimer_get_next_event - get the time until next expiry event
 *
 * Returns the delta to the next expiry event or KTIME_MAX if no timer
 * is pending.
 */
ktime_t hrtimer_get_next_event(void)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base = cpu_base->clock_base;
	ktime_t delta, mindelta = { .tv64 = KTIME_MAX };
	unsigned long flags;
	int i;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_base->lock, flags);

	if (!hrtimer_hres_active()) {
		for (i = 0; i < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; i++, base++) {
			struct hrtimer *timer;

			if (!base->first)
				continue;

			timer = rb_entry(base->first, struct hrtimer, node);
			delta.tv64 = timer->expires.tv64;
			delta = ktime_sub(delta, base->get_time());
			if (delta.tv64 < mindelta.tv64)
				mindelta.tv64 = delta.tv64;
		}
	}

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_base->lock, flags);

	if (mindelta.tv64 < 0)
		mindelta.tv64 = 0;
	return mindelta;
}
#endif

/**
 * hrtimer_init - initialize a timer to the given clock
 * @timer:	the timer to be initialized
 * @clock_id:	the clock to be used
 * @mode:	timer mode abs/rel
 */
void hrtimer_init(struct hrtimer *timer, clockid_t clock_id,
		  enum hrtimer_mode mode)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base;

	memset(timer, 0, sizeof(struct hrtimer));

	cpu_base = &__raw_get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);

	if (clock_id == CLOCK_REALTIME && mode != HRTIMER_MODE_ABS)
		clock_id = CLOCK_MONOTONIC;

	timer->base = &cpu_base->clock_base[clock_id];
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&timer->cb_entry);
	hrtimer_init_timer_hres(timer);

#ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS
	timer->start_site = NULL;
	timer->start_pid = -1;
	memset(timer->start_comm, 0, TASK_COMM_LEN);
#endif
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_init);

/**
 * hrtimer_get_res - get the timer resolution for a clock
 * @which_clock: which clock to query
 * @tp:		 pointer to timespec variable to store the resolution
 *
 * Store the resolution of the clock selected by @which_clock in the
 * variable pointed to by @tp.
 */
int hrtimer_get_res(const clockid_t which_clock, struct timespec *tp)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base;

	cpu_base = &__raw_get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
	*tp = ktime_to_timespec(cpu_base->clock_base[which_clock].resolution);

	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hrtimer_get_res);

static void run_hrtimer_pending(struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base)
{
	spin_lock_irq(&cpu_base->lock);

	while (!list_empty(&cpu_base->cb_pending)) {
		enum hrtimer_restart (*fn)(struct hrtimer *);
		struct hrtimer *timer;
		int restart;

		timer = list_entry(cpu_base->cb_pending.next,
				   struct hrtimer, cb_entry);

		timer_stats_account_hrtimer(timer);

		fn = timer->function;
		__remove_hrtimer(timer, timer->base, HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK, 0);
		spin_unlock_irq(&cpu_base->lock);

		restart = fn(timer);

		spin_lock_irq(&cpu_base->lock);

		timer->state &= ~HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK;
		if (restart == HRTIMER_RESTART) {
			BUG_ON(hrtimer_active(timer));
			/*
			 * Enqueue the timer, allow reprogramming of the event
			 * device
			 */
			enqueue_hrtimer(timer, timer->base, 1);
		} else if (hrtimer_active(timer)) {
			/*
			 * If the timer was rearmed on another CPU, reprogram
			 * the event device.
			 */
			struct hrtimer_clock_base *base = timer->base;

			if (base->first == &timer->node &&
			    hrtimer_reprogram(timer, base)) {
				/*
				 * Timer is expired. Thus move it from tree to
				 * pending list again.
				 */
				__remove_hrtimer(timer, base,
						 HRTIMER_STATE_PENDING, 0);
				list_add_tail(&timer->cb_entry,
					      &base->cpu_base->cb_pending);
			}
		}
	}
	spin_unlock_irq(&cpu_base->lock);
}

static void __run_hrtimer(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base = timer->base;
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = base->cpu_base;
	enum hrtimer_restart (*fn)(struct hrtimer *);
	int restart;

	__remove_hrtimer(timer, base, HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK, 0);
	timer_stats_account_hrtimer(timer);

	fn = timer->function;
	if (timer->cb_mode == HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_SOFTIRQ) {
		/*
		 * Used for scheduler timers, avoid lock inversion with
		 * rq->lock and tasklist_lock.
		 *
		 * These timers are required to deal with enqueue expiry
		 * themselves and are not allowed to migrate.
		 */
		spin_unlock(&cpu_base->lock);
		restart = fn(timer);
		spin_lock(&cpu_base->lock);
	} else
		restart = fn(timer);

	/*
	 * Note: We clear the CALLBACK bit after enqueue_hrtimer to avoid
	 * reprogramming of the event hardware. This happens at the end of this
	 * function anyway.
	 */
	if (restart != HRTIMER_NORESTART) {
		BUG_ON(timer->state != HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK);
		enqueue_hrtimer(timer, base, 0);
	}
	timer->state &= ~HRTIMER_STATE_CALLBACK;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS

/*
 * High resolution timer interrupt
 * Called with interrupts disabled
 */
void hrtimer_interrupt(struct clock_event_device *dev)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base;
	ktime_t expires_next, now;
	int i, raise = 0;

	BUG_ON(!cpu_base->hres_active);
	cpu_base->nr_events++;
	dev->next_event.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;

 retry:
	now = ktime_get();

	expires_next.tv64 = KTIME_MAX;

	base = cpu_base->clock_base;

	for (i = 0; i < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; i++) {
		ktime_t basenow;
		struct rb_node *node;

		spin_lock(&cpu_base->lock);

		basenow = ktime_add(now, base->offset);

		while ((node = base->first)) {
			struct hrtimer *timer;

			timer = rb_entry(node, struct hrtimer, node);

			if (basenow.tv64 < timer->expires.tv64) {
				ktime_t expires;

				expires = ktime_sub(timer->expires,
						    base->offset);
				if (expires.tv64 < expires_next.tv64)
					expires_next = expires;
				break;
			}

			/* Move softirq callbacks to the pending list */
			if (timer->cb_mode == HRTIMER_CB_SOFTIRQ) {
				__remove_hrtimer(timer, base,
						 HRTIMER_STATE_PENDING, 0);
				list_add_tail(&timer->cb_entry,
					      &base->cpu_base->cb_pending);
				raise = 1;
				continue;
			}

			__run_hrtimer(timer);
		}
		spin_unlock(&cpu_base->lock);
		base++;
	}

	cpu_base->expires_next = expires_next;

	/* Reprogramming necessary ? */
	if (expires_next.tv64 != KTIME_MAX) {
		if (tick_program_event(expires_next, 0))
			goto retry;
	}

	/* Raise softirq ? */
	if (raise)
		raise_softirq(HRTIMER_SOFTIRQ);
}

static void run_hrtimer_softirq(struct softirq_action *h)
{
	run_hrtimer_pending(&__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases));
}

#endif	/* CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS */

/*
 * Called from timer softirq every jiffy, expire hrtimers:
 *
 * For HRT its the fall back code to run the softirq in the timer
 * softirq context in case the hrtimer initialization failed or has
 * not been done yet.
 */
void hrtimer_run_pending(void)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);

	if (hrtimer_hres_active())
		return;

	/*
	 * This _is_ ugly: We have to check in the softirq context,
	 * whether we can switch to highres and / or nohz mode. The
	 * clocksource switch happens in the timer interrupt with
	 * xtime_lock held. Notification from there only sets the
	 * check bit in the tick_oneshot code, otherwise we might
	 * deadlock vs. xtime_lock.
	 */
	if (tick_check_oneshot_change(!hrtimer_is_hres_enabled()))
		hrtimer_switch_to_hres();

	run_hrtimer_pending(cpu_base);
}

/*
 * Called from hardirq context every jiffy
 */
void hrtimer_run_queues(void)
{
	struct rb_node *node;
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
	struct hrtimer_clock_base *base;
	int index, gettime = 1;

	if (hrtimer_hres_active())
		return;

	for (index = 0; index < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; index++) {
		base = &cpu_base->clock_base[index];

		if (!base->first)
			continue;

		if (base->get_softirq_time)
			base->softirq_time = base->get_softirq_time();
		else if (gettime) {
			hrtimer_get_softirq_time(cpu_base);
			gettime = 0;
		}

		spin_lock(&cpu_base->lock);

		while ((node = base->first)) {
			struct hrtimer *timer;

			timer = rb_entry(node, struct hrtimer, node);
			if (base->softirq_time.tv64 <= timer->expires.tv64)
				break;

			if (timer->cb_mode == HRTIMER_CB_SOFTIRQ) {
				__remove_hrtimer(timer, base,
					HRTIMER_STATE_PENDING, 0);
				list_add_tail(&timer->cb_entry,
					&base->cpu_base->cb_pending);
				continue;
			}

			__run_hrtimer(timer);
		}
		spin_unlock(&cpu_base->lock);
	}
}

/*
 * Sleep related functions:
 */
static enum hrtimer_restart hrtimer_wakeup(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
	struct hrtimer_sleeper *t =
		container_of(timer, struct hrtimer_sleeper, timer);
	struct task_struct *task = t->task;

	t->task = NULL;
	if (task)
		wake_up_process(task);

	return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
}

void hrtimer_init_sleeper(struct hrtimer_sleeper *sl, struct task_struct *task)
{
	sl->timer.function = hrtimer_wakeup;
	sl->task = task;
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS
	sl->timer.cb_mode = HRTIMER_CB_IRQSAFE_NO_SOFTIRQ;
#endif
}

static int __sched do_nanosleep(struct hrtimer_sleeper *t, enum hrtimer_mode mode)
{
	hrtimer_init_sleeper(t, current);

	do {
		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
		hrtimer_start(&t->timer, t->timer.expires, mode);
		if (!hrtimer_active(&t->timer))
			t->task = NULL;

		if (likely(t->task))
			schedule();

		hrtimer_cancel(&t->timer);
		mode = HRTIMER_MODE_ABS;

	} while (t->task && !signal_pending(current));

	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);

	return t->task == NULL;
}

static int update_rmtp(struct hrtimer *timer, struct timespec __user *rmtp)
{
	struct timespec rmt;
	ktime_t rem;

	rem = ktime_sub(timer->expires, timer->base->get_time());
	if (rem.tv64 <= 0)
		return 0;
	rmt = ktime_to_timespec(rem);

	if (copy_to_user(rmtp, &rmt, sizeof(*rmtp)))
		return -EFAULT;

	return 1;
}

long __sched hrtimer_nanosleep_restart(struct restart_block *restart)
{
	struct hrtimer_sleeper t;
	struct timespec __user  *rmtp;

	hrtimer_init(&t.timer, restart->nanosleep.index, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
	t.timer.expires.tv64 = restart->nanosleep.expires;

	if (do_nanosleep(&t, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS))
		return 0;

	rmtp = restart->nanosleep.rmtp;
	if (rmtp) {
		int ret = update_rmtp(&t.timer, rmtp);
		if (ret <= 0)
			return ret;
	}

	/* The other values in restart are already filled in */
	return -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK;
}

long hrtimer_nanosleep(struct timespec *rqtp, struct timespec __user *rmtp,
		       const enum hrtimer_mode mode, const clockid_t clockid)
{
	struct restart_block *restart;
	struct hrtimer_sleeper t;

	hrtimer_init(&t.timer, clockid, mode);
	t.timer.expires = timespec_to_ktime(*rqtp);
	if (do_nanosleep(&t, mode))
		return 0;

	/* Absolute timers do not update the rmtp value and restart: */
	if (mode == HRTIMER_MODE_ABS)
		return -ERESTARTNOHAND;

	if (rmtp) {
		int ret = update_rmtp(&t.timer, rmtp);
		if (ret <= 0)
			return ret;
	}

	restart = &current_thread_info()->restart_block;
	restart->fn = hrtimer_nanosleep_restart;
	restart->nanosleep.index = t.timer.base->index;
	restart->nanosleep.rmtp = rmtp;
	restart->nanosleep.expires = t.timer.expires.tv64;

	return -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK;
}

asmlinkage long
sys_nanosleep(struct timespec __user *rqtp, struct timespec __user *rmtp)
{
	struct timespec tu;

	if (copy_from_user(&tu, rqtp, sizeof(tu)))
		return -EFAULT;

	if (!timespec_valid(&tu))
		return -EINVAL;

	return hrtimer_nanosleep(&tu, rmtp, HRTIMER_MODE_REL, CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
}

/*
 * Functions related to boot-time initialization:
 */
static void __cpuinit init_hrtimers_cpu(int cpu)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = &per_cpu(hrtimer_bases, cpu);
	int i;

	spin_lock_init(&cpu_base->lock);

	for (i = 0; i < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; i++)
		cpu_base->clock_base[i].cpu_base = cpu_base;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cpu_base->cb_pending);
	hrtimer_init_hres(cpu_base);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU

static void migrate_hrtimer_list(struct hrtimer_clock_base *old_base,
				struct hrtimer_clock_base *new_base)
{
	struct hrtimer *timer;
	struct rb_node *node;

	while ((node = rb_first(&old_base->active))) {
		timer = rb_entry(node, struct hrtimer, node);
		BUG_ON(hrtimer_callback_running(timer));
		__remove_hrtimer(timer, old_base, HRTIMER_STATE_INACTIVE, 0);
		timer->base = new_base;
		/*
		 * Enqueue the timer. Allow reprogramming of the event device
		 */
		enqueue_hrtimer(timer, new_base, 1);
	}
}

static void migrate_hrtimers(int cpu)
{
	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *old_base, *new_base;
	int i;

	BUG_ON(cpu_online(cpu));
	old_base = &per_cpu(hrtimer_bases, cpu);
	new_base = &get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);

	tick_cancel_sched_timer(cpu);

	local_irq_disable();
	spin_lock(&new_base->lock);
	spin_lock_nested(&old_base->lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);

	for (i = 0; i < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; i++) {
		migrate_hrtimer_list(&old_base->clock_base[i],
				     &new_base->clock_base[i]);
	}

	spin_unlock(&old_base->lock);
	spin_unlock(&new_base->lock);
	local_irq_enable();
	put_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */

static int __cpuinit hrtimer_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
					unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
	unsigned int cpu = (long)hcpu;

	switch (action) {

	case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
	case CPU_UP_PREPARE_FROZEN:
		init_hrtimers_cpu(cpu);
		break;

#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
	case CPU_DEAD:
	case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
		clockevents_notify(CLOCK_EVT_NOTIFY_CPU_DEAD, &cpu);
		migrate_hrtimers(cpu);
		break;
#endif

	default:
		break;
	}

	return NOTIFY_OK;
}

static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata hrtimers_nb = {
	.notifier_call = hrtimer_cpu_notify,
};

void __init hrtimers_init(void)
{
	hrtimer_cpu_notify(&hrtimers_nb, (unsigned long)CPU_UP_PREPARE,
			  (void *)(long)smp_processor_id());
	register_cpu_notifier(&hrtimers_nb);
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS
	open_softirq(HRTIMER_SOFTIRQ, run_hrtimer_softirq, NULL);
#endif
}