shell/math.h

/* math.h - interface to shell math "library" -- this allows shells to share
 *          the implementation of arithmetic $((...)) expansions.
 *
 * This aims to be a POSIX shell math library as documented here:
 *	http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_06_04
 *
 * See math.c for internal documentation.
 */

/* The math library has just one function:
 *
 * arith_t arith(arith_state_t *state, const char *expr);
 *
 * The expr argument is the math string to parse.  All normal expansions must
 * be done already.  i.e. no dollar symbols should be present.
 *
 * The state argument is a pointer to a struct of hooks for your shell (see below),
 * and an error message string (NULL if no error).
 *
 * The function returns the answer to the expression.  So if you called it
 * with the expression:
 * "1 + 2 + 3"
 * you would obviously get back 6.
 */

/* To add support to a shell, you need to implement three functions:
 *
 * lookupvar() - look up and return the value of a variable
 *
 *	If the shell does:
 *		foo=123
 *	Then the code:
 *		const char *val = lookupvar("foo");
 *	will result in val pointing to "123"
 *
 * setvar() - set a variable to some value
 *
 *	If the arithmetic expansion does something like:
 *		$(( i = 1))
 *	then the math code will make a call like so:
 *		setvar("i", "1", 0);
 *	The storage for the first two parameters are not allocated, so your
 *	shell implementation will most likely need to strdup() them to save.
 *
 * endofname() - return the end of a variable name from input
 *
 *	The arithmetic code does not know about variable naming conventions.
 *	So when it is given an experession, it knows something is not numeric,
 *	but it is up to the shell to dictate what is a valid identifiers.
 *	So when it encounters something like:
 *		$(( some_var + 123 ))
 *	It will make a call like so:
 *		end = endofname("some_var + 123");
 *	So the shell needs to scan the input string and return a pointer to the
 *	first non-identifier string.  In this case, it should return the input
 *	pointer with an offset pointing to the first space.  The typical
 *	implementation will return the offset of first char that does not match
 *	the regex (in C locale): ^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*
 */

#ifndef SHELL_MATH_H
#define SHELL_MATH_H 1

PUSH_AND_SET_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY_TO_HIDDEN

#if ENABLE_FEATURE_SH_MATH_64
typedef long long arith_t;
#define ARITH_FMT "%lld"
#define strto_arith_t strtoull
#else
typedef long arith_t;
#define ARITH_FMT "%ld"
#define strto_arith_t strtoul
#endif
//TODO: bash supports "BASE#nnnnn" numeric literals, e.g. 2#1111 = 15.
//Make strto_arith_t() support that?

typedef const char* FAST_FUNC (*arith_var_lookup_t)(const char *name);
typedef void        FAST_FUNC (*arith_var_set_t)(const char *name, const char *val);
//typedef const char* FAST_FUNC (*arith_var_endofname_t)(const char *name);

typedef struct arith_state_t {
	const char           *errmsg;
	arith_var_lookup_t    lookupvar;
	arith_var_set_t       setvar;
//	arith_var_endofname_t endofname;
	void                 *list_of_recursed_names;
} arith_state_t;

arith_t FAST_FUNC arith(arith_state_t *state, const char *expr);

POP_SAVED_FUNCTION_VISIBILITY

#endif