| /* |
| * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier |
| * All rights reserved. |
| * |
| * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
| * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions |
| * are met: |
| * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
| * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
| * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
| * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in |
| * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the |
| * distribution. |
| * |
| * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS |
| * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED |
| * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
| * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY |
| * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
| * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE |
| * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS |
| * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER |
| * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR |
| * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN |
| * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
| */ |
| |
| #ifndef lint |
| static const char rcsid[] = |
| "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c,v 1.33 2009/04/11 14:56:29 ed Exp $"; |
| #endif /* not lint */ |
| |
| #include <sys/param.h> |
| |
| #ifndef ANDROID |
| #include <sys/fdcio.h> |
| #include <sys/disk.h> |
| #include <sys/disklabel.h> |
| #include <sys/mount.h> |
| #else |
| #include <stdarg.h> |
| #include <linux/fs.h> |
| #include <linux/hdreg.h> |
| #endif |
| |
| #include <sys/stat.h> |
| #include <sys/time.h> |
| |
| #include <ctype.h> |
| #include <err.h> |
| #include <errno.h> |
| #include <fcntl.h> |
| #include <inttypes.h> |
| #include <paths.h> |
| #include <stdio.h> |
| #include <stdlib.h> |
| #include <string.h> |
| #include <time.h> |
| #include <unistd.h> |
| |
| #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ |
| #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ |
| #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ |
| |
| #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ |
| #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ |
| #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ |
| #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ |
| #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ |
| #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ |
| #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ |
| #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ |
| #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ |
| #define MINCLS16 0x1000 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ |
| #define MINCLS32 2 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ |
| #define MAXCLS12 0xfed /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ |
| #define MAXCLS16 0xfff5 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ |
| #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff5 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ |
| |
| #define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ |
| (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ |
| MINCLS32) |
| |
| #define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ |
| (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ |
| MAXCLS32) |
| |
| #define mk1(p, x) \ |
| (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) |
| |
| #define mk2(p, x) \ |
| (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ |
| (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) |
| |
| #define mk4(p, x) \ |
| (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ |
| (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ |
| (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ |
| (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) |
| |
| #define argto1(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg) |
| #define argto2(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg) |
| #define argto4(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg) |
| #define argtox(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg) |
| |
| struct bs { |
| u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ |
| u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */ |
| }; |
| |
| struct bsbpb { |
| u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */ |
| u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */ |
| u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */ |
| u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */ |
| u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */ |
| u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */ |
| u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */ |
| u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ |
| u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */ |
| u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */ |
| u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */ |
| u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */ |
| }; |
| |
| struct bsxbpb { |
| u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ |
| u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */ |
| u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */ |
| u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ |
| u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */ |
| u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */ |
| u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */ |
| }; |
| |
| struct bsx { |
| u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */ |
| u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */ |
| u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */ |
| u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */ |
| u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */ |
| u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */ |
| }; |
| |
| struct de { |
| u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */ |
| u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */ |
| u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ |
| u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */ |
| u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */ |
| u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */ |
| u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */ |
| }; |
| |
| struct bpb { |
| u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */ |
| u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */ |
| u_int res; /* reserved sectors */ |
| u_int nft; /* number of FATs */ |
| u_int rde; /* root directory entries */ |
| u_int sec; /* total sectors */ |
| u_int mid; /* media descriptor */ |
| u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */ |
| u_int spt; /* sectors per track */ |
| u_int hds; /* drive heads */ |
| u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */ |
| u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */ |
| u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */ |
| u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */ |
| u_int infs; /* file system info sector */ |
| u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */ |
| }; |
| |
| #define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |
| |
| static struct { |
| const char *name; |
| struct bpb bpb; |
| } const stdfmt[] = { |
| {"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}}, |
| {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}} |
| }; |
| |
| static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = { |
| 0xfa, /* cli */ |
| 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ |
| 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ |
| 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ |
| 0xfb, /* sti */ |
| 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ |
| 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ |
| 0x5e, /* pop si */ |
| 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ |
| 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ |
| 0xfc, /* cld */ |
| 0xac, /* lodsb */ |
| 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ |
| 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ |
| 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ |
| 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ |
| 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ |
| 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ |
| 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ |
| 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ |
| 0x0d, 0x0a, |
| 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', |
| 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', |
| 0x0d, 0x0a, |
| 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', |
| 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', |
| ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', |
| 0x0d, 0x0a, |
| 0 |
| }; |
| |
| static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); |
| static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); |
| static void getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *); |
| static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); |
| static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); |
| static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *); |
| static off_t argtooff(const char *, const char *); |
| static int oklabel(const char *); |
| static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); |
| static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); |
| static void usage(void); |
| |
| /* |
| * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system. |
| */ |
| int newfs_msdos_main(int argc, char *argv[]) |
| { |
| static const char opts[] = "@:NAB:C:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:r:s:u:"; |
| const char *opt_B = NULL, *opt_L = NULL, *opt_O = NULL, *opt_f = NULL; |
| u_int opt_F = 0, opt_I = 0, opt_S = 0, opt_a = 0, opt_b = 0, opt_c = 0; |
| u_int opt_e = 0, opt_h = 0, opt_i = 0, opt_k = 0, opt_m = 0, opt_n = 0; |
| u_int opt_o = 0, opt_r = 0, opt_s = 0, opt_u = 0; |
| u_int opt_A = 0; |
| int opt_N = 0; |
| int Iflag = 0, mflag = 0, oflag = 0; |
| char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; |
| struct stat sb; |
| struct timeval tv; |
| struct bpb bpb; |
| struct tm *tm; |
| struct bs *bs; |
| struct bsbpb *bsbpb; |
| struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; |
| struct bsx *bsx; |
| struct de *de; |
| u_int8_t *img; |
| const char *fname, *dtype, *bname; |
| ssize_t n; |
| time_t now; |
| u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; |
| u_int extra_res, alignment=0, set_res, set_spf, set_spc, tempx, attempts=0; |
| int ch, fd, fd1; |
| off_t opt_create = 0, opt_ofs = 0; |
| |
| while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1) |
| switch (ch) { |
| case '@': |
| opt_ofs = argtooff(optarg, "offset"); |
| break; |
| case 'N': |
| opt_N = 1; |
| break; |
| case 'A': |
| opt_A = 1; |
| break; |
| case 'B': |
| opt_B = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'C': |
| opt_create = argtooff(optarg, "create size"); |
| break; |
| case 'F': |
| if (strcmp(optarg, "12") && strcmp(optarg, "16") && strcmp(optarg, "32")) |
| errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg); |
| opt_F = atoi(optarg); |
| break; |
| case 'I': |
| opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID"); |
| Iflag = 1; |
| break; |
| case 'L': |
| if (!oklabel(optarg)) |
| errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg); |
| opt_L = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'O': |
| if (strlen(optarg) > 8) |
| errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg); |
| opt_O = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'S': |
| opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector"); |
| break; |
| case 'a': |
| opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT"); |
| break; |
| case 'b': |
| opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size"); |
| opt_c = 0; |
| break; |
| case 'c': |
| opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster"); |
| opt_b = 0; |
| break; |
| case 'e': |
| opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries"); |
| break; |
| case 'f': |
| opt_f = optarg; |
| break; |
| case 'h': |
| opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads"); |
| break; |
| case 'i': |
| opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector"); |
| break; |
| case 'k': |
| opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector"); |
| break; |
| case 'm': |
| opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor"); |
| mflag = 1; |
| break; |
| case 'n': |
| opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs"); |
| break; |
| case 'o': |
| opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors"); |
| oflag = 1; |
| break; |
| case 'r': |
| opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors"); |
| break; |
| case 's': |
| opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size"); |
| break; |
| case 'u': |
| opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track"); |
| break; |
| default: |
| usage(); |
| } |
| argc -= optind; |
| argv += optind; |
| if (argc < 1 || argc > 2) |
| usage(); |
| fname = *argv++; |
| if (!opt_create && !strchr(fname, '/')) { |
| snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, fname); |
| if (!(fname = strdup(buf))) |
| err(1, "%s", buf); |
| } |
| dtype = *argv; |
| if (opt_A) { |
| if (opt_r) |
| errx(1, "align (-A) is incompatible with -r"); |
| if (opt_N) |
| errx(1, "align (-A) is incompatible with -N"); |
| } |
| if (opt_create) { |
| if (opt_N) |
| errx(1, "create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); |
| fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); |
| if (fd == -1) |
| errx(1, "failed to create %s", fname); |
| if (ftruncate(fd, opt_create)) |
| errx(1, "failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)opt_create); |
| } else if ((fd = open(fname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) |
| err(1, "%s", fname); |
| if (fstat(fd, &sb)) |
| err(1, "%s", fname); |
| if (opt_create) { |
| if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) |
| warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname); |
| } else { |
| if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) |
| warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); |
| } |
| if (!opt_N) |
| check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode); |
| if (opt_ofs && opt_ofs != lseek(fd, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET)) |
| errx(1, "cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)opt_ofs); |
| memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); |
| if (opt_f) { |
| getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb); |
| bpb.bsec = bpb.sec; |
| bpb.sec = 0; |
| bpb.bspf = bpb.spf; |
| bpb.spf = 0; |
| } |
| if (opt_h) |
| bpb.hds = opt_h; |
| if (opt_u) |
| bpb.spt = opt_u; |
| if (opt_S) |
| bpb.bps = opt_S; |
| if (opt_s) |
| bpb.bsec = opt_s; |
| if (oflag) |
| bpb.hid = opt_o; |
| if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag))) { |
| off_t delta; |
| getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb); |
| if (opt_s) { |
| bpb.bsec = opt_s; |
| } |
| bpb.bsec -= (opt_ofs / bpb.bps); |
| delta = bpb.bsec % bpb.spt; |
| if (delta != 0) { |
| warnx("trim %d sectors from %d to adjust to a multiple of %d", |
| (int)delta, bpb.bsec, bpb.spt); |
| bpb.bsec -= delta; |
| } |
| if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */ |
| if (bpb.bsec <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */ |
| bpb.spc = 1; |
| else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */ |
| bpb.spc = 8; |
| else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */ |
| bpb.spc = 16; |
| else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<22)) /* 2G -> 16k, some versions of windows |
| require a minimum of 65527 clusters */ |
| bpb.spc = 32; |
| else |
| bpb.spc = 64; /* otherwise 32k */ |
| } |
| } |
| if (!powerof2(bpb.bps)) |
| errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps); |
| if (bpb.bps < MINBPS) |
| errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", |
| bpb.bps, MINBPS); |
| if (!(fat = opt_F)) { |
| if (opt_f) |
| fat = 12; |
| else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k)) |
| fat = 32; |
| } |
| if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k))) |
| errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option", |
| fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k', |
| fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16"); |
| if (opt_f && fat == 32) |
| bpb.rde = 0; |
| if (opt_b) { |
| if (!powerof2(opt_b)) |
| errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b); |
| if (opt_b < bpb.bps) |
| errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", |
| opt_b, bpb.bps); |
| if (opt_b > bpb.bps * MAXSPC) |
| errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", opt_b, bpb.bps * MAXSPC); |
| bpb.spc = opt_b / bpb.bps; |
| } |
| if (opt_c) { |
| if (!powerof2(opt_c)) |
| errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c); |
| bpb.spc = opt_c; |
| } |
| if (opt_r) |
| bpb.res = opt_r; |
| if (opt_n) { |
| if (opt_n > MAXNFT) |
| errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", opt_n, MAXNFT); |
| bpb.nft = opt_n; |
| } |
| if (opt_e) |
| bpb.rde = opt_e; |
| if (mflag) { |
| if (opt_m < 0xf0) |
| errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (%#x)", opt_m); |
| bpb.mid = opt_m; |
| } |
| if (opt_a) |
| bpb.bspf = opt_a; |
| if (opt_i) |
| bpb.infs = opt_i; |
| if (opt_k) |
| bpb.bkbs = opt_k; |
| bss = 1; |
| bname = NULL; |
| fd1 = -1; |
| if (opt_B) { |
| bname = opt_B; |
| if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { |
| snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); |
| if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) |
| err(1, "%s", buf); |
| } |
| if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) |
| err(1, "%s", bname); |
| if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps || |
| sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16) |
| errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); |
| bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps; |
| } |
| if (!bpb.nft) |
| bpb.nft = 2; |
| if (!fat) { |
| if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + |
| howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * |
| ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) * |
| bpb.nft + |
| howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE, |
| bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + |
| (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * |
| (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps))) |
| fat = 12; |
| else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec < |
| (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) + |
| howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft + |
| howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) + |
| (MAXCLS16 + 1) * |
| (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps))) |
| fat = 16; |
| else |
| fat = 32; |
| } |
| x = bss; |
| if (fat == 32) { |
| if (!bpb.infs) { |
| if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs) |
| errx(1, "no room for info sector"); |
| bpb.infs = x; |
| } |
| if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs) |
| x = bpb.infs + 1; |
| if (!bpb.bkbs) { |
| if (x == MAXU16) |
| errx(1, "no room for backup sector"); |
| bpb.bkbs = x; |
| } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs) |
| errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector"); |
| if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs) |
| x = bpb.bkbs + 1; |
| } |
| |
| extra_res = 0; |
| set_res = !bpb.res; |
| set_spf = !bpb.bspf; |
| set_spc = !bpb.spc; |
| tempx = x; |
| /* |
| * Attempt to align if opt_A is set. This is done by increasing the number |
| * of reserved blocks. This can cause other factors to change, which can in |
| * turn change the alignment. This should take at most 2 iterations, as |
| * increasing the reserved amount may cause the FAT size to decrease by 1, |
| * requiring another nft reserved blocks. If spc changes, it will |
| * be half of its previous size, and thus will not throw off alignment. |
| */ |
| do { |
| x = tempx; |
| if (set_res) |
| bpb.res = (fat == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x) + extra_res; |
| else if (bpb.res < x) |
| errx(1, "too few reserved sectors"); |
| if (fat != 32 && !bpb.rde) |
| bpb.rde = DEFRDE; |
| rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)); |
| if (set_spc) |
| for (bpb.spc = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps); |
| bpb.spc < MAXSPC && |
| bpb.res + |
| howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN), |
| bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft + |
| rds + |
| (u_int64_t)(maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec; |
| bpb.spc <<= 1); |
| if (fat != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16) |
| errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); |
| x1 = bpb.res + rds; |
| x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1; |
| if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec) |
| errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size"); |
| x1 += x * bpb.nft; |
| x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB / |
| (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft); |
| x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB); |
| if (set_spf) { |
| if (!bpb.bspf) { |
| bpb.bspf = x2; |
| } |
| x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft; |
| } |
| if(set_res) { |
| /* attempt to align root directory */ |
| alignment = (bpb.res + bpb.bspf * bpb.nft) % bpb.spc; |
| extra_res += bpb.spc - alignment; |
| } |
| attempts++; |
| } while(opt_A && alignment != 0 && attempts < 2); |
| if (alignment != 0) |
| warnx("warning: Alignment failed."); |
| |
| cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc; |
| x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (fat / BPN) - RESFTE; |
| if (cls > x) |
| cls = x; |
| if (bpb.bspf < x2) |
| warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", cls); |
| if (cls < mincls(fat)) |
| errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat, mincls(fat)); |
| if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { |
| cls = maxcls(fat); |
| bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1; |
| warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", bpb.bsec); |
| } |
| printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s (%u bytes/cluster)\n", |
| fname, cls * bpb.spc, cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat, |
| cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc); |
| if (!bpb.mid) |
| bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; |
| if (fat == 32) |
| bpb.rdcl = RESFTE; |
| if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) { |
| bpb.sec = bpb.bsec; |
| bpb.bsec = 0; |
| } |
| if (fat != 32) { |
| bpb.spf = bpb.bspf; |
| bpb.bspf = 0; |
| } |
| print_bpb(&bpb); |
| if (!opt_N) { |
| gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); |
| now = tv.tv_sec; |
| tm = localtime(&now); |
| if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps))) |
| err(1, "%u", bpb.bps); |
| dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft; |
| for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) { |
| x = lsn; |
| if (opt_B && fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) { |
| x -= bpb.bkbs; |
| if (!x && lseek(fd1, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET)) |
| err(1, "%s", bname); |
| } |
| if (opt_B && x < bss) { |
| if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) |
| err(1, "%s", bname); |
| if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bps) |
| errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); |
| } else |
| memset(img, 0, bpb.bps); |
| if (!lsn || (fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) { |
| x1 = sizeof(struct bs); |
| bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); |
| mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps); |
| mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc); |
| mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res); |
| mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft); |
| mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde); |
| mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec); |
| mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid); |
| mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf); |
| mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt); |
| mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds); |
| mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid); |
| mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec); |
| x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); |
| if (fat == 32) { |
| bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); |
| mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf); |
| mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0); |
| mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0); |
| mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl); |
| mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs); |
| mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs); |
| x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); |
| } |
| bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); |
| mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29); |
| if (Iflag) |
| x = opt_I; |
| else |
| x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | |
| (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + |
| ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | |
| (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | |
| ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + |
| ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | |
| (u_int)tm->tm_min)); |
| mk4(bsx->volid, x); |
| mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO NAME"); |
| snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat); |
| setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type)); |
| if (!opt_B) { |
| x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); |
| bs = (struct bs *)img; |
| mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb); |
| mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2); |
| mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90); |
| setstr(bs->oem, opt_O ? opt_O : "BSD 4.4", |
| sizeof(bs->oem)); |
| memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); |
| mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); |
| } |
| } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 && |
| (lsn == bpb.infs || (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && |
| lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) { |
| mk4(img, 0x41615252); |
| mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); |
| mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); |
| mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.rdcl); |
| mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); |
| } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir && |
| !((lsn - bpb.res) % (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) { |
| mk1(img[0], bpb.mid); |
| for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++) |
| mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); |
| } else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) { |
| de = (struct de *)img; |
| mklabel(de->namext, opt_L); |
| mk1(de->attr, 050); |
| x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | |
| (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | |
| (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; |
| mk2(de->time, x); |
| x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | |
| (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | |
| (u_int)tm->tm_mday; |
| mk2(de->date, x); |
| } |
| if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1) |
| err(1, "%s", fname); |
| if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bps) { |
| errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| } |
| free(img); |
| } |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Exit with error if file system is mounted. |
| */ |
| static void check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) |
| { |
| #ifdef ANDROID |
| warnx("Skipping mount checks"); |
| #else |
| struct statfs *mp; |
| const char *s1, *s2; |
| size_t len; |
| int n, r; |
| |
| if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) |
| err(1, "getmntinfo"); |
| len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); |
| s1 = fname; |
| if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) |
| s1 += len; |
| r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; |
| for (; n--; mp++) { |
| s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; |
| if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) |
| s2 += len; |
| if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || !strcmp(s1, s2)) |
| errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); |
| } |
| #endif |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Get a standard format. |
| */ |
| static void getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) |
| { |
| u_int x, i; |
| |
| x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); |
| for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); |
| if (i == x) |
| errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt); |
| *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. |
| */ |
| |
| #ifdef ANDROID |
| static void getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, |
| __unused int oflag,struct bpb *bpb) |
| { |
| struct hd_geometry geom; |
| u_long block_size; |
| |
| if (ioctl(fd, BLKSSZGET, &bpb->bps)) { |
| fprintf(stderr, "Error getting bytes / sector (%s)\n", strerror(errno)); |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| |
| ckgeom(fname, bpb->bps, "bytes/sector"); |
| |
| if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &block_size)) { |
| fprintf(stderr, "Error getting blocksize (%s)\n", strerror(errno)); |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| |
| if (block_size > UINT32_MAX) { |
| fprintf(stderr, "Error blocksize too large: %lu\n", block_size); |
| exit(1); |
| } |
| |
| bpb->bsec = (u_int)block_size; |
| |
| if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_GETGEO, &geom)) { |
| fprintf(stderr, "Error getting gemoetry (%s) - trying sane values\n", strerror(errno)); |
| geom.heads = 64; |
| geom.sectors = 63; |
| } |
| |
| if (!geom.heads) { |
| printf("Bogus heads from kernel - setting sane value\n"); |
| geom.heads = 64; |
| } |
| |
| if (!geom.sectors) { |
| printf("Bogus sectors from kernel - setting sane value\n"); |
| geom.sectors = 63; |
| } |
| |
| bpb->spt = geom.sectors; |
| ckgeom(fname, bpb->spt, "sectors/track"); |
| |
| bpb->hds = geom.heads; |
| ckgeom(fname, bpb->hds, "drive heads"); |
| } |
| |
| #else |
| |
| static void getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, |
| __unused int oflag, struct bpb *bpb) |
| { |
| struct disklabel *lp, dlp; |
| struct fd_type type; |
| off_t ms, hs = 0; |
| |
| lp = NULL; |
| |
| /* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */ |
| if (dtype != NULL) { |
| lp = getdiskbyname(dtype); |
| } |
| |
| /* Maybe it's a floppy drive */ |
| if (lp == NULL) { |
| if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) { |
| struct stat st; |
| |
| if (fstat(fd, &st)) |
| err(1, "Cannot get disk size"); |
| /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ |
| ms = st.st_size; |
| dlp.d_secsize = 512; |
| dlp.d_nsectors = 63; |
| dlp.d_ntracks = 255; |
| dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; |
| lp = &dlp; |
| } else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) { |
| dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize; |
| dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac; |
| dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads; |
| dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; |
| lp = &dlp; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /* Maybe it's a fixed drive */ |
| if (lp == NULL) { |
| if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &dlp) == -1) { |
| if (bpb->bps == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &dlp.d_secsize) == -1) |
| errx(1, "Cannot get sector size, %s", strerror(errno)); |
| |
| /* XXX Should we use bpb->bps if it's set? */ |
| dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; |
| |
| if (bpb->spt == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) { |
| warnx("Cannot get number of sectors per track, %s", strerror(errno)); |
| dlp.d_nsectors = 63; |
| } |
| if (bpb->hds == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) { |
| warnx("Cannot get number of heads, %s", strerror(errno)); |
| if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024) |
| dlp.d_ntracks = 1; |
| else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024) |
| dlp.d_ntracks = 16; |
| else |
| dlp.d_ntracks = 255; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit; |
| lp = &dlp; |
| } |
| |
| if (bpb->bps == 0) |
| bpb->bps = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector"); |
| if (bpb->spt == 0) |
| bpb->spt = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track"); |
| if (bpb->hds == 0) |
| bpb->hds = ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads"); |
| if (bpb->bsec == 0) |
| bpb->bsec = lp->d_secperunit; |
| if (bpb->hid == 0) |
| bpb->hid = hs; |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| /* |
| * Print out BPB values. |
| */ |
| static void print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) |
| { |
| printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res, |
| bpb->nft); |
| if (bpb->rde) |
| printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde); |
| if (bpb->sec) |
| printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec); |
| printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid); |
| if (bpb->spf) |
| printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf); |
| printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid); |
| if (bpb->bsec) |
| printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec); |
| if (!bpb->spf) { |
| printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl); |
| printf(" infs="); |
| printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs); |
| printf(" bkbs="); |
| printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs); |
| } |
| printf("\n"); |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Check a disk geometry value. |
| */ |
| static u_int ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) |
| { |
| if (!val) |
| errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg); |
| if (val > MAXU16) |
| errx(1, "%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val); |
| return val; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Convert and check a numeric option argument. |
| */ |
| static u_int argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg) |
| { |
| char *s; |
| u_long x; |
| |
| errno = 0; |
| x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0); |
| if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi) |
| errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg); |
| return x; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Same for off_t, with optional skmgpP suffix |
| */ |
| static off_t argtooff(const char *arg, const char *msg) |
| { |
| char *s; |
| off_t x; |
| |
| x = strtoll(arg, &s, 0); |
| /* allow at most one extra char */ |
| if (errno || x < 0 || (s[0] && s[1]) ) |
| errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg); |
| if (*s) { /* the extra char is the multiplier */ |
| switch (*s) { |
| default: |
| errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg); |
| /* notreached */ |
| |
| case 's': /* sector */ |
| case 'S': |
| x <<= 9; /* times 512 */ |
| break; |
| |
| case 'k': /* kilobyte */ |
| case 'K': |
| x <<= 10; /* times 1024 */ |
| break; |
| |
| case 'm': /* megabyte */ |
| case 'M': |
| x <<= 20; /* times 1024*1024 */ |
| break; |
| |
| case 'g': /* gigabyte */ |
| case 'G': |
| x <<= 30; /* times 1024*1024*1024 */ |
| break; |
| |
| case 'p': /* partition start */ |
| case 'P': /* partition start */ |
| case 'l': /* partition length */ |
| case 'L': /* partition length */ |
| errx(1, "%s: not supported yet %s", arg, msg); |
| /* notreached */ |
| } |
| } |
| return x; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Check a volume label. |
| */ |
| static int oklabel(const char *src) |
| { |
| int c, i; |
| |
| for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { |
| c = (u_char)*src++; |
| if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) |
| break; |
| } |
| return i && !c; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Make a volume label. |
| */ |
| static void mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) |
| { |
| int c, i; |
| |
| for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { |
| c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' '; |
| *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Copy string, padding with spaces. |
| */ |
| static void setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) |
| { |
| while (len--) |
| *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Print usage message. |
| */ |
| static void usage(void) |
| { |
| fprintf(stderr, |
| "usage: newfs_msdos [ -options ] special [disktype]\n" |
| "where the options are:\n" |
| "\t-@ create file system at specified offset\n" |
| "\t-A Attempt to cluster align root directory\n" |
| "\t-B get bootstrap from file\n" |
| "\t-C create image file with specified size\n" |
| "\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n" |
| "\t-I volume ID\n" |
| "\t-L volume label\n" |
| "\t-N don't create file system: just print out parameters\n" |
| "\t-O OEM string\n" |
| "\t-S bytes/sector\n" |
| "\t-a sectors/FAT\n" |
| "\t-b block size\n" |
| "\t-c sectors/cluster\n" |
| "\t-e root directory entries\n" |
| "\t-f standard format\n" |
| "\t-h drive heads\n" |
| "\t-i file system info sector\n" |
| "\t-k backup boot sector\n" |
| "\t-m media descriptor\n" |
| "\t-n number of FATs\n" |
| "\t-o hidden sectors\n" |
| "\t-r reserved sectors\n" |
| "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n" |
| "\t-u sectors/track\n"); |
| exit(1); |
| } |
