diff --git a/OWNERS b/OWNERS
index 1d319af..682a067 100644
--- a/OWNERS
+++ b/OWNERS
@@ -1,5 +1 @@
 enh@google.com
-per-file libsysutils/src/Netlink* = ek@google.com
-per-file libsysutils/src/Netlink* = lorenzo@google.com
-per-file libsysutils/include/sysutils/Netlink* = ek@google.com
-per-file libsysutils/include/sysutils/Netlink* = lorenzo@google.com
diff --git a/adb/Android.bp b/adb/Android.bp
index 99de54e..553473f 100644
--- a/adb/Android.bp
+++ b/adb/Android.bp
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@
     "adb_io.cpp",
     "adb_listeners.cpp",
     "adb_trace.cpp",
+    "adb_unique_fd.cpp",
     "adb_utils.cpp",
     "fdevent.cpp",
     "services.cpp",
@@ -122,6 +123,7 @@
     "sysdeps_test.cpp",
     "sysdeps/stat_test.cpp",
     "transport_test.cpp",
+    "types_test.cpp",
 ]
 
 cc_library_host_static {
@@ -275,6 +277,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libadbd",
     defaults: ["adb_defaults"],
+    recovery_available: true,
 
     // libminadbd wants both, for some reason.
     compile_multilib: "both",
@@ -301,6 +304,7 @@
 
     // adbd must be static, as it is copied into the recovery image.
     static_executable: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
 
     srcs: [
         "daemon/main.cpp",
diff --git a/adb/adb.cpp b/adb/adb.cpp
index 3bf281c..f8a54c6 100644
--- a/adb/adb.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb.cpp
@@ -365,8 +365,8 @@
         switch (p->msg.arg0) {
 #if ADB_HOST
             case ADB_AUTH_TOKEN:
-                if (t->GetConnectionState() == kCsOffline) {
-                    t->SetConnectionState(kCsUnauthorized);
+                if (t->GetConnectionState() != kCsAuthorizing) {
+                    t->SetConnectionState(kCsAuthorizing);
                 }
                 send_auth_response(p->payload.data(), p->msg.data_length, t);
                 break;
@@ -885,9 +885,8 @@
     }
 #else /* !defined(_WIN32) */
     // set up a pipe so the child can tell us when it is ready.
-    // fd[0] will be parent's end, and the child will write on fd[1]
-    int fd[2];
-    if (pipe(fd)) {
+    unique_fd pipe_read, pipe_write;
+    if (!Pipe(&pipe_read, &pipe_write)) {
         fprintf(stderr, "pipe failed in launch_server, errno: %d\n", errno);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -899,11 +898,10 @@
 
     if (pid == 0) {
         // child side of the fork
-
-        adb_close(fd[0]);
+        pipe_read.reset();
 
         char reply_fd[30];
-        snprintf(reply_fd, sizeof(reply_fd), "%d", fd[1]);
+        snprintf(reply_fd, sizeof(reply_fd), "%d", pipe_write.get());
         // child process
         int result = execl(path.c_str(), "adb", "-L", socket_spec.c_str(), "fork-server", "server",
                            "--reply-fd", reply_fd, NULL);
@@ -913,10 +911,10 @@
         // parent side of the fork
         char temp[3] = {};
         // wait for the "OK\n" message
-        adb_close(fd[1]);
-        int ret = adb_read(fd[0], temp, 3);
+        pipe_write.reset();
+        int ret = adb_read(pipe_read.get(), temp, 3);
         int saved_errno = errno;
-        adb_close(fd[0]);
+        pipe_read.reset();
         if (ret < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "could not read ok from ADB Server, errno = %d\n", saved_errno);
             return -1;
@@ -1103,14 +1101,11 @@
     if (!strcmp(service, "reconnect-offline")) {
         std::string response;
         close_usb_devices([&response](const atransport* transport) {
-            switch (transport->GetConnectionState()) {
-                case kCsOffline:
-                case kCsUnauthorized:
-                    response += "reconnecting " + transport->serial_name() + "\n";
-                    return true;
-                default:
-                    return false;
+            if (!ConnectionStateIsOnline(transport->GetConnectionState())) {
+                response += "reconnecting " + transport->serial_name() + "\n";
+                return true;
             }
+            return false;
         });
         if (!response.empty()) {
             response.resize(response.size() - 1);
diff --git a/adb/adb.h b/adb/adb.h
index 1e58ee1..ede55da 100644
--- a/adb/adb.h
+++ b/adb/adb.h
@@ -95,16 +95,33 @@
 
 enum ConnectionState {
     kCsAny = -1,
-    kCsOffline = 0,
+
+    kCsConnecting = 0,  // Haven't received a response from the device yet.
+    kCsAuthorizing,     // Authorizing with keys from ADB_VENDOR_KEYS.
+    kCsUnauthorized,    // ADB_VENDOR_KEYS exhausted, fell back to user prompt.
+    kCsNoPerm,          // Insufficient permissions to communicate with the device.
+    kCsOffline,
+
     kCsBootloader,
     kCsDevice,
     kCsHost,
     kCsRecovery,
-    kCsNoPerm,  // Insufficient permissions to communicate with the device.
     kCsSideload,
-    kCsUnauthorized,
 };
 
+inline bool ConnectionStateIsOnline(ConnectionState state) {
+    switch (state) {
+        case kCsBootloader:
+        case kCsDevice:
+        case kCsHost:
+        case kCsRecovery:
+        case kCsSideload:
+            return true;
+        default:
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
 void print_packet(const char* label, apacket* p);
 
 // These use the system (v)fprintf, not the adb prefixed ones defined in sysdeps.h, so they
diff --git a/adb/adb_listeners.cpp b/adb/adb_listeners.cpp
index fecf452..ea5a44e 100644
--- a/adb/adb_listeners.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb_listeners.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
     alistener(const std::string& _local_name, const std::string& _connect_to);
     ~alistener();
 
-    fdevent fde;
+    fdevent* fde = nullptr;
     int fd = -1;
 
     std::string local_name;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
 alistener::~alistener() {
     // Closes the corresponding fd.
-    fdevent_remove(&fde);
+    fdevent_destroy(fde);
 
     if (transport) {
         transport->RemoveDisconnect(&disconnect);
@@ -222,11 +222,11 @@
 
     close_on_exec(listener->fd);
     if (listener->connect_to == "*smartsocket*") {
-        fdevent_install(&listener->fde, listener->fd, ss_listener_event_func, listener.get());
+        listener->fde = fdevent_create(listener->fd, ss_listener_event_func, listener.get());
     } else {
-        fdevent_install(&listener->fde, listener->fd, listener_event_func, listener.get());
+        listener->fde = fdevent_create(listener->fd, listener_event_func, listener.get());
     }
-    fdevent_set(&listener->fde, FDE_READ);
+    fdevent_set(listener->fde, FDE_READ);
 
     listener->transport = transport;
 
diff --git a/adb/adb_unique_fd.cpp b/adb/adb_unique_fd.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2079be1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adb/adb_unique_fd.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "adb_unique_fd.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "sysdeps.h"
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+bool Pipe(unique_fd* read, unique_fd* write, int flags) {
+    int pipefd[2];
+#if !defined(__APPLE__)
+    if (pipe2(pipefd, flags) != 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+#else
+    // Darwin doesn't have pipe2. Implement it ourselves.
+    if (flags != 0 && (flags & ~(O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK)) != 0) {
+        errno = EINVAL;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (pipe(pipefd) != 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (flags & O_CLOEXEC) {
+        if (fcntl(pipefd[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) != 0 ||
+            fcntl(pipefd[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) != 0) {
+            adb_close(pipefd[0]);
+            adb_close(pipefd[1]);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
+        if (fcntl(pipefd[0], F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) != 0 ||
+            fcntl(pipefd[1], F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) != 0) {
+            adb_close(pipefd[0]);
+            adb_close(pipefd[1]);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    read->reset(pipefd[0]);
+    write->reset(pipefd[1]);
+    return true;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/adb/adb_unique_fd.h b/adb/adb_unique_fd.h
index 34c1bbc..be63262 100644
--- a/adb/adb_unique_fd.h
+++ b/adb/adb_unique_fd.h
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 
 // Helper to automatically close an FD when it goes out of scope.
@@ -24,3 +27,7 @@
 };
 
 using unique_fd = android::base::unique_fd_impl<AdbCloser>;
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+bool Pipe(unique_fd* read, unique_fd* write, int flags = 0);
+#endif
diff --git a/adb/benchmark_device.py b/adb/benchmark_device.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..00c2315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adb/benchmark_device.py
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+import os
+import statistics
+import time
+
+import adb
+
+def lock_min(device):
+    device.shell_nocheck(["""
+        for x in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu?/cpufreq; do
+            echo userspace > $x/scaling_governor
+            cat $x/scaling_min_freq > $x/scaling_setspeed
+        done
+    """])
+
+def lock_max(device):
+    device.shell_nocheck(["""
+        for x in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu?/cpufreq; do
+            echo userspace > $x/scaling_governor
+            cat $x/scaling_max_freq > $x/scaling_setspeed
+        done
+    """])
+
+def unlock(device):
+    device.shell_nocheck(["""
+        for x in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu?/cpufreq; do
+            echo ondemand > $x/scaling_governor
+            echo sched > $x/scaling_governor
+            echo schedutil > $x/scaling_governor
+        done
+    """])
+
+def harmonic_mean(xs):
+    return 1.0 / statistics.mean([1.0 / x for x in xs])
+
+def analyze(name, speeds):
+    median = statistics.median(speeds)
+    mean = harmonic_mean(speeds)
+    stddev = statistics.stdev(speeds)
+    msg = "%s: %d runs: median %.2f MiB/s, mean %.2f MiB/s, stddev: %.2f MiB/s"
+    print(msg % (name, len(speeds), median, mean, stddev))
+
+def benchmark_push(device=None, file_size_mb=100):
+    if device == None:
+        device = adb.get_device()
+
+    lock_max(device)
+
+    remote_path = "/dev/null"
+    local_path = "/tmp/adb_benchmark_temp"
+
+    with open(local_path, "wb") as f:
+        f.truncate(file_size_mb * 1024 * 1024)
+
+    speeds = list()
+    for _ in range(0, 5):
+        begin = time.time()
+        device.push(local=local_path, remote=remote_path)
+        end = time.time()
+        speeds.append(file_size_mb / float(end - begin))
+
+    analyze("push %dMiB" % file_size_mb, speeds)
+
+def benchmark_pull(device=None, file_size_mb=100):
+    if device == None:
+        device = adb.get_device()
+
+    lock_max(device)
+
+    remote_path = "/data/local/tmp/adb_benchmark_temp"
+    local_path = "/tmp/adb_benchmark_temp"
+
+    device.shell(["dd", "if=/dev/zero", "of=" + remote_path, "bs=1m",
+                  "count=" + str(file_size_mb)])
+    speeds = list()
+    for _ in range(0, 5):
+        begin = time.time()
+        device.pull(remote=remote_path, local=local_path)
+        end = time.time()
+        speeds.append(file_size_mb / float(end - begin))
+
+    analyze("pull %dMiB" % file_size_mb, speeds)
+
+def benchmark_shell(device=None, file_size_mb=100):
+    if device == None:
+        device = adb.get_device()
+
+    lock_max(device)
+
+    speeds = list()
+    for _ in range(0, 5):
+        begin = time.time()
+        device.shell(["dd", "if=/dev/zero", "bs=1m",
+                      "count=" + str(file_size_mb)])
+        end = time.time()
+        speeds.append(file_size_mb / float(end - begin))
+
+    analyze("shell %dMiB" % file_size_mb, speeds)
+
+def main():
+    benchmark_pull()
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/adb/client/auth.cpp b/adb/client/auth.cpp
index ade2623..0f4dd33 100644
--- a/adb/client/auth.cpp
+++ b/adb/client/auth.cpp
@@ -464,6 +464,7 @@
     std::shared_ptr<RSA> key = t->NextKey();
     if (key == nullptr) {
         // No more private keys to try, send the public key.
+        t->SetConnectionState(kCsUnauthorized);
         send_auth_publickey(t);
         return;
     }
diff --git a/adb/client/commandline.cpp b/adb/client/commandline.cpp
index e476e07..39983ab 100644
--- a/adb/client/commandline.cpp
+++ b/adb/client/commandline.cpp
@@ -149,8 +149,8 @@
         " emu COMMAND              run emulator console command\n"
         "\n"
         "app installation:\n"
-        " install [-lrtsdg] PACKAGE\n"
-        " install-multiple [-lrtsdpg] PACKAGE...\n"
+        " install [-lrtsdg] [--instant] PACKAGE\n"
+        " install-multiple [-lrtsdpg] [--instant] PACKAGE...\n"
         "     push package(s) to the device and install them\n"
         "     -l: forward lock application\n"
         "     -r: replace existing application\n"
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@
         "     -d: allow version code downgrade (debuggable packages only)\n"
         "     -p: partial application install (install-multiple only)\n"
         "     -g: grant all runtime permissions\n"
+        "     --instant: cause the app to be installed as an ephemeral install app\n"
         " uninstall [-k] PACKAGE\n"
         "     remove this app package from the device\n"
         "     '-k': keep the data and cache directories\n"
diff --git a/adb/client/main.cpp b/adb/client/main.cpp
index 31cb853..44ed3a2 100644
--- a/adb/client/main.cpp
+++ b/adb/client/main.cpp
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@
     atexit(adb_server_cleanup);
 
     init_transport_registration();
+    init_reconnect_handler();
     init_mdns_transport_discovery();
 
     usb_init();
diff --git a/adb/client/transport_mdns.cpp b/adb/client/transport_mdns.cpp
index 3603f09..283fac5 100644
--- a/adb/client/transport_mdns.cpp
+++ b/adb/client/transport_mdns.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 #include "sysdeps.h"
 
 static DNSServiceRef service_ref;
-static fdevent service_ref_fde;
+static fdevent* service_ref_fde;
 
 // Use adb_DNSServiceRefSockFD() instead of calling DNSServiceRefSockFD()
 // directly so that the socket is put through the appropriate compatibility
@@ -68,27 +68,26 @@
     }
 
     virtual ~AsyncServiceRef() {
-        if (! initialized_) {
+        if (!initialized_) {
             return;
         }
 
         DNSServiceRefDeallocate(sdRef_);
-        fdevent_remove(&fde_);
+        fdevent_destroy(fde_);
     }
 
   protected:
     DNSServiceRef sdRef_;
 
     void Initialize() {
-        fdevent_install(&fde_, adb_DNSServiceRefSockFD(sdRef_),
-                        pump_service_ref, &sdRef_);
-        fdevent_set(&fde_, FDE_READ);
+        fde_ = fdevent_create(adb_DNSServiceRefSockFD(sdRef_), pump_service_ref, &sdRef_);
+        fdevent_set(fde_, FDE_READ);
         initialized_ = true;
     }
 
   private:
-    bool initialized_;
-    fdevent fde_;
+    bool initialized_ = false;
+    fdevent* fde_;
 };
 
 class ResolvedService : public AsyncServiceRef {
@@ -252,14 +251,12 @@
     if (errorCode != kDNSServiceErr_NoError) {
         D("Got error %d during mDNS browse.", errorCode);
         DNSServiceRefDeallocate(sdRef);
-        fdevent_remove(&service_ref_fde);
+        fdevent_destroy(service_ref_fde);
         return;
     }
 
-    auto discovered = new DiscoveredService(interfaceIndex, serviceName,
-                                            regtype, domain);
-
-    if (! discovered->Initialized()) {
+    auto discovered = new DiscoveredService(interfaceIndex, serviceName, regtype, domain);
+    if (!discovered->Initialized()) {
         delete discovered;
     }
 }
@@ -274,9 +271,9 @@
     }
 
     fdevent_run_on_main_thread([]() {
-        fdevent_install(&service_ref_fde, adb_DNSServiceRefSockFD(service_ref), pump_service_ref,
-                        &service_ref);
-        fdevent_set(&service_ref_fde, FDE_READ);
+        service_ref_fde =
+            fdevent_create(adb_DNSServiceRefSockFD(service_ref), pump_service_ref, &service_ref);
+        fdevent_set(service_ref_fde, FDE_READ);
     });
 }
 
diff --git a/adb/daemon/auth.cpp b/adb/daemon/auth.cpp
index 3fd2b31..f0c3629 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/auth.cpp
+++ b/adb/daemon/auth.cpp
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
 
-static fdevent listener_fde;
-static fdevent framework_fde;
+static fdevent* listener_fde = nullptr;
+static fdevent* framework_fde = nullptr;
 static int framework_fd = -1;
 
 static void usb_disconnected(void* unused, atransport* t);
@@ -106,8 +106,10 @@
 
 static void framework_disconnected() {
     LOG(INFO) << "Framework disconnect";
-    fdevent_remove(&framework_fde);
-    framework_fd = -1;
+    if (framework_fde) {
+        fdevent_destroy(framework_fde);
+        framework_fd = -1;
+    }
 }
 
 static void adbd_auth_event(int fd, unsigned events, void*) {
@@ -168,8 +170,8 @@
     }
 
     framework_fd = s;
-    fdevent_install(&framework_fde, framework_fd, adbd_auth_event, nullptr);
-    fdevent_add(&framework_fde, FDE_READ);
+    framework_fde = fdevent_create(framework_fd, adbd_auth_event, nullptr);
+    fdevent_add(framework_fde, FDE_READ);
 
     if (needs_retry) {
         needs_retry = false;
@@ -198,8 +200,8 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    fdevent_install(&listener_fde, fd, adbd_auth_listener, NULL);
-    fdevent_add(&listener_fde, FDE_READ);
+    listener_fde = fdevent_create(fd, adbd_auth_listener, NULL);
+    fdevent_add(listener_fde, FDE_READ);
 }
 
 void send_auth_request(atransport* t) {
diff --git a/adb/daemon/jdwp_service.cpp b/adb/daemon/jdwp_service.cpp
index 89577cb..367695d 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/jdwp_service.cpp
+++ b/adb/daemon/jdwp_service.cpp
@@ -139,8 +139,6 @@
             fatal("could not create fdevent for new JDWP process");
         }
 
-        this->fde->state |= FDE_DONT_CLOSE;
-
         /* start by waiting for the PID */
         fdevent_add(this->fde, FDE_READ);
     }
@@ -148,7 +146,6 @@
     ~JdwpProcess() {
         if (this->socket >= 0) {
             adb_shutdown(this->socket);
-            adb_close(this->socket);
             this->socket = -1;
         }
 
@@ -292,8 +289,6 @@
                 goto CloseProcess;
             }
 
-            adb_close(fd);
-
             D("sent file descriptor %d to JDWP process %d", fd, proc->pid);
 
             proc->out_fds.pop_back();
diff --git a/adb/daemon/remount_service.cpp b/adb/daemon/remount_service.cpp
index d679a6d..830b35d 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/remount_service.cpp
+++ b/adb/daemon/remount_service.cpp
@@ -21,18 +21,26 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <mntent.h>
+#include <spawn.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/vfs.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <set>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h>
+#include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
+#include <ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h>
 
 #include "adb.h"
 #include "adb_io.h"
+#include "adb_unique_fd.h"
 #include "adb_utils.h"
 #include "fs_mgr.h"
 
@@ -82,6 +90,61 @@
     return result;
 }
 
+static bool fs_has_shared_blocks(const char* dev) {
+    struct statfs fs;
+    if (statfs(dev, &fs) == -1 || fs.f_type == EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    unique_fd fd(unix_open(dev, O_RDONLY));
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    struct ext4_super_block sb;
+    if (lseek64(fd, 1024, SEEK_SET) < 0 || unix_read(fd, &sb, sizeof(sb)) < 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    struct fs_info info;
+    if (ext4_parse_sb(&sb, &info) < 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return (info.feat_ro_compat & EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SHARED_BLOCKS) != 0;
+}
+
+static bool can_unshare_blocks(int fd, const char* dev) {
+    const char* E2FSCK_BIN = "/system/bin/e2fsck";
+    if (access(E2FSCK_BIN, X_OK)) {
+        WriteFdFmt(fd, "e2fsck is not available, cannot undo deduplication on %s\n", dev);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    pid_t child;
+    char* env[] = {nullptr};
+    const char* argv[] = {E2FSCK_BIN, "-n", "-E", "unshare_blocks", dev, nullptr};
+    if (posix_spawn(&child, E2FSCK_BIN, nullptr, nullptr, const_cast<char**>(argv), env)) {
+        WriteFdFmt(fd, "failed to e2fsck to check deduplication: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        return false;
+    }
+    int status = 0;
+    int ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(child, &status, 0));
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        WriteFdFmt(fd, "failed to get e2fsck status: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
+        WriteFdFmt(fd, "e2fsck exited abnormally with status %d\n", status);
+        return false;
+    }
+    int rc = WEXITSTATUS(status);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        WriteFdFmt(fd,
+                   "%s is deduplicated, and an e2fsck check failed. It might not "
+                   "have enough free-space to be remounted as writable.\n",
+                   dev);
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 static bool remount_partition(int fd, const char* dir) {
     if (!directory_exists(dir)) {
         return true;
@@ -114,17 +177,77 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+static void reboot_for_remount(int fd, bool need_fsck) {
+    std::string reboot_cmd = "reboot";
+    if (need_fsck) {
+        const std::vector<std::string> options = {"--fsck_unshare_blocks"};
+        std::string err;
+        if (!write_bootloader_message(options, &err)) {
+            WriteFdFmt(fd, "Failed to set bootloader message: %s\n", err.c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        WriteFdExactly(fd,
+                       "The device will now reboot to recovery and attempt "
+                       "un-deduplication.\n");
+        reboot_cmd = "reboot,recovery";
+    }
+
+    sync();
+    android::base::SetProperty(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, reboot_cmd.c_str());
+}
+
 void remount_service(int fd, void* cookie) {
+    unique_fd close_fd(fd);
+
+    const char* cmd = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(cookie);
+    bool user_requested_reboot = cmd && !strcmp(cmd, "-R");
+
     if (getuid() != 0) {
         WriteFdExactly(fd, "Not running as root. Try \"adb root\" first.\n");
-        adb_close(fd);
         return;
     }
 
     bool system_verified = !(android::base::GetProperty("partition.system.verified", "").empty());
     bool vendor_verified = !(android::base::GetProperty("partition.vendor.verified", "").empty());
 
-    if (system_verified || vendor_verified) {
+    std::vector<std::string> partitions = {"/odm", "/oem", "/product", "/vendor"};
+    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.build.system_root_image", false)) {
+        partitions.push_back("/");
+    } else {
+        partitions.push_back("/system");
+    }
+
+    // Find partitions that are deduplicated, and can be un-deduplicated.
+    std::set<std::string> dedup;
+    for (const auto& partition : partitions) {
+        std::string dev = find_mount(partition.c_str(), partition == "/");
+        if (dev.empty() || !fs_has_shared_blocks(dev.c_str())) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (can_unshare_blocks(fd, dev.c_str())) {
+            dedup.emplace(partition);
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool verity_enabled = (system_verified || vendor_verified);
+
+    // Reboot now if the user requested it (and an operation needs a reboot).
+    if (user_requested_reboot) {
+        if (!dedup.empty() || verity_enabled) {
+            if (verity_enabled) {
+                set_verity_enabled_state_service(fd, nullptr);
+            }
+            reboot_for_remount(fd, !dedup.empty());
+            return;
+        }
+        WriteFdExactly(fd, "No reboot needed, skipping -R.\n");
+    }
+
+    // If we need to disable-verity, but we also need to perform a recovery
+    // fsck for deduplicated partitions, hold off on warning about verity. We
+    // can handle both verity and the recovery fsck in the same reboot cycle.
+    if (verity_enabled && dedup.empty()) {
         // Allow remount but warn of likely bad effects
         bool both = system_verified && vendor_verified;
         WriteFdFmt(fd,
@@ -137,20 +260,40 @@
                        "Use \"adb disable-verity\" to disable verity.\n"
                        "If you do not, remount may succeed, however, you will still "
                        "not be able to write to these volumes.\n");
+        WriteFdExactly(fd,
+                       "Alternately, use \"adb remount -R\" to disable verity "
+                       "and automatically reboot.\n");
     }
 
     bool success = true;
-    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.build.system_root_image", false)) {
-        success &= remount_partition(fd, "/");
-    } else {
-        success &= remount_partition(fd, "/system");
+    for (const auto& partition : partitions) {
+        // Don't try to remount partitions that need an fsck in recovery.
+        if (dedup.count(partition)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        success &= remount_partition(fd, partition.c_str());
     }
-    success &= remount_partition(fd, "/odm");
-    success &= remount_partition(fd, "/oem");
-    success &= remount_partition(fd, "/product");
-    success &= remount_partition(fd, "/vendor");
 
-    WriteFdExactly(fd, success ? "remount succeeded\n" : "remount failed\n");
+    if (!dedup.empty()) {
+        WriteFdExactly(fd,
+                       "The following partitions are deduplicated and cannot "
+                       "yet be remounted:\n");
+        for (const std::string& name : dedup) {
+            WriteFdFmt(fd, "  %s\n", name.c_str());
+        }
 
-    adb_close(fd);
+        WriteFdExactly(fd,
+                       "To reboot and un-deduplicate the listed partitions, "
+                       "please retry with adb remount -R.\n");
+        if (system_verified || vendor_verified) {
+            WriteFdExactly(fd, "Note: verity will be automatically disabled after reboot.\n");
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!success) {
+        WriteFdExactly(fd, "remount failed\n");
+    } else {
+        WriteFdExactly(fd, "remount succeeded\n");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/adb/daemon/usb.cpp b/adb/daemon/usb.cpp
index ab11bdd..c724b11 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/usb.cpp
+++ b/adb/daemon/usb.cpp
@@ -234,6 +234,10 @@
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS; i++) {
         aiob->iocbs[i] = &aiob->iocb[i];
     }
+    memset(&aiob->ctx, 0, sizeof(aiob->ctx));
+    if (io_setup(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS, &aiob->ctx)) {
+        D("[ aio: got error on io_setup (%d) ]", errno);
+    }
 }
 
 static int getMaxPacketSize(int ffs_fd) {
@@ -312,13 +316,6 @@
         goto err;
     }
 
-    memset(&h->read_aiob.ctx, 0, sizeof(h->read_aiob.ctx));
-    memset(&h->write_aiob.ctx, 0, sizeof(h->write_aiob.ctx));
-    if (io_setup(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS, &h->read_aiob.ctx) ||
-        io_setup(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS, &h->write_aiob.ctx)) {
-        D("[ aio: got error on io_setup (%d) ]", errno);
-    }
-
     h->read_aiob.fd = h->bulk_out;
     h->write_aiob.fd = h->bulk_in;
     return true;
@@ -439,23 +436,29 @@
         num_bufs += 1;
     }
 
-    if (io_submit(aiob->ctx, num_bufs, aiob->iocbs.data()) < num_bufs) {
-        D("[ aio: got error submitting %s (%d) ]", read ? "read" : "write", errno);
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
-            io_getevents(aiob->ctx, num_bufs, num_bufs, aiob->events.data(), nullptr)) < num_bufs) {
-        D("[ aio: got error waiting %s (%d) ]", read ? "read" : "write", errno);
-        return -1;
-    }
-    for (int i = 0; i < num_bufs; i++) {
-        if (aiob->events[i].res < 0) {
-            errno = aiob->events[i].res;
-            D("[ aio: got error event on %s (%d) ]", read ? "read" : "write", errno);
+    while (true) {
+        if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(io_submit(aiob->ctx, num_bufs, aiob->iocbs.data())) < num_bufs) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "aio: got error submitting " << (read ? "read" : "write");
             return -1;
         }
+        if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(io_getevents(aiob->ctx, num_bufs, num_bufs, aiob->events.data(),
+                                            nullptr)) < num_bufs) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "aio: got error waiting " << (read ? "read" : "write");
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (num_bufs == 1 && aiob->events[0].res == -EINTR) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < num_bufs; i++) {
+            if (aiob->events[i].res < 0) {
+                errno = -aiob->events[i].res;
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "aio: got error event on " << (read ? "read" : "write")
+                            << " total bufs " << num_bufs;
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
     }
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static int usb_ffs_aio_read(usb_handle* h, void* data, int len) {
@@ -494,8 +497,6 @@
     h->kicked = false;
     adb_close(h->bulk_out);
     adb_close(h->bulk_in);
-    io_destroy(h->read_aiob.ctx);
-    io_destroy(h->write_aiob.ctx);
 
     // Notify usb_adb_open_thread to open a new connection.
     h->lock.lock();
diff --git a/adb/fdevent.cpp b/adb/fdevent.cpp
index cf441cf..1b7758c 100644
--- a/adb/fdevent.cpp
+++ b/adb/fdevent.cpp
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 
   explicit PollNode(fdevent* fde) : fde(fde) {
       memset(&pollfd, 0, sizeof(pollfd));
-      pollfd.fd = fde->fd;
+      pollfd.fd = fde->fd.get();
 
 #if defined(__linux__)
       // Always enable POLLRDHUP, so the host server can take action when some clients disconnect.
@@ -111,37 +111,22 @@
     if (fde->state & FDE_ERROR) {
         state += "E";
     }
-    if (fde->state & FDE_DONT_CLOSE) {
-        state += "D";
-    }
-    return android::base::StringPrintf("(fdevent %d %s)", fde->fd, state.c_str());
-}
-
-fdevent* fdevent_create(int fd, fd_func func, void* arg) {
-    check_main_thread();
-    fdevent *fde = (fdevent*) malloc(sizeof(fdevent));
-    if(fde == 0) return 0;
-    fdevent_install(fde, fd, func, arg);
-    fde->state |= FDE_CREATED;
-    return fde;
-}
-
-void fdevent_destroy(fdevent* fde) {
-    check_main_thread();
-    if(fde == 0) return;
-    if(!(fde->state & FDE_CREATED)) {
-        LOG(FATAL) << "destroying fde not created by fdevent_create(): " << dump_fde(fde);
-    }
-    fdevent_remove(fde);
-    free(fde);
+    return android::base::StringPrintf("(fdevent %d %s)", fde->fd.get(), state.c_str());
 }
 
 void fdevent_install(fdevent* fde, int fd, fd_func func, void* arg) {
     check_main_thread();
     CHECK_GE(fd, 0);
     memset(fde, 0, sizeof(fdevent));
+}
+
+fdevent* fdevent_create(int fd, fd_func func, void* arg) {
+    check_main_thread();
+    CHECK_GE(fd, 0);
+
+    fdevent* fde = new fdevent();
     fde->state = FDE_ACTIVE;
-    fde->fd = fd;
+    fde->fd.reset(fd);
     fde->func = func;
     fde->arg = arg;
     if (!set_file_block_mode(fd, false)) {
@@ -150,30 +135,35 @@
         // to handle it.
         LOG(ERROR) << "failed to set non-blocking mode for fd " << fd;
     }
-    auto pair = g_poll_node_map.emplace(fde->fd, PollNode(fde));
+    auto pair = g_poll_node_map.emplace(fde->fd.get(), PollNode(fde));
     CHECK(pair.second) << "install existing fd " << fd;
-    D("fdevent_install %s", dump_fde(fde).c_str());
+
+    fde->state |= FDE_CREATED;
+    return fde;
 }
 
-void fdevent_remove(fdevent* fde) {
+void fdevent_destroy(fdevent* fde) {
     check_main_thread();
-    D("fdevent_remove %s", dump_fde(fde).c_str());
+    if (fde == 0) return;
+    if (!(fde->state & FDE_CREATED)) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "destroying fde not created by fdevent_create(): " << dump_fde(fde);
+    }
+
     if (fde->state & FDE_ACTIVE) {
-        g_poll_node_map.erase(fde->fd);
+        g_poll_node_map.erase(fde->fd.get());
         if (fde->state & FDE_PENDING) {
             g_pending_list.remove(fde);
         }
-        if (!(fde->state & FDE_DONT_CLOSE)) {
-            adb_close(fde->fd);
-            fde->fd = -1;
-        }
+        fde->fd.reset();
         fde->state = 0;
         fde->events = 0;
     }
+
+    delete fde;
 }
 
 static void fdevent_update(fdevent* fde, unsigned events) {
-    auto it = g_poll_node_map.find(fde->fd);
+    auto it = g_poll_node_map.find(fde->fd.get());
     CHECK(it != g_poll_node_map.end());
     PollNode& node = it->second;
     if (events & FDE_READ) {
@@ -272,7 +262,7 @@
             auto it = g_poll_node_map.find(pollfd.fd);
             CHECK(it != g_poll_node_map.end());
             fdevent* fde = it->second.fde;
-            CHECK_EQ(fde->fd, pollfd.fd);
+            CHECK_EQ(fde->fd.get(), pollfd.fd);
             fde->events |= events;
             D("%s got events %x", dump_fde(fde).c_str(), events);
             fde->state |= FDE_PENDING;
@@ -287,7 +277,7 @@
     CHECK(fde->state & FDE_PENDING);
     fde->state &= (~FDE_PENDING);
     D("fdevent_call_fdfunc %s", dump_fde(fde).c_str());
-    fde->func(fde->fd, events, fde->arg);
+    fde->func(fde->fd.get(), events, fde->arg);
 }
 
 static void fdevent_run_flush() EXCLUDES(run_queue_mutex) {
diff --git a/adb/fdevent.h b/adb/fdevent.h
index 896400a..69c4072 100644
--- a/adb/fdevent.h
+++ b/adb/fdevent.h
@@ -22,28 +22,27 @@
 
 #include <functional>
 
+#include "adb_unique_fd.h"
+
 /* events that may be observed */
 #define FDE_READ              0x0001
 #define FDE_WRITE             0x0002
 #define FDE_ERROR             0x0004
 
-/* features that may be set (via the events set/add/del interface) */
-#define FDE_DONT_CLOSE        0x0080
-
 typedef void (*fd_func)(int fd, unsigned events, void *userdata);
 
 struct fdevent {
-    fdevent *next;
-    fdevent *prev;
+    fdevent* next = nullptr;
+    fdevent* prev = nullptr;
 
-    int fd;
-    int force_eof;
+    unique_fd fd;
+    int force_eof = 0;
 
-    uint16_t state;
-    uint16_t events;
+    uint16_t state = 0;
+    uint16_t events = 0;
 
-    fd_func func;
-    void *arg;
+    fd_func func = nullptr;
+    void* arg = nullptr;
 };
 
 /* Allocate and initialize a new fdevent object
@@ -57,15 +56,6 @@
 */
 void fdevent_destroy(fdevent *fde);
 
-/* Initialize an fdevent object that was externally allocated
-*/
-void fdevent_install(fdevent *fde, int fd, fd_func func, void *arg);
-
-/* Uninitialize an fdevent object that was initialized by
-** fdevent_install()
-*/
-void fdevent_remove(fdevent *item);
-
 /* Change which events should cause notifications
 */
 void fdevent_set(fdevent *fde, unsigned events);
diff --git a/adb/fdevent_test.cpp b/adb/fdevent_test.cpp
index 2f0ff18..0cb2439 100644
--- a/adb/fdevent_test.cpp
+++ b/adb/fdevent_test.cpp
@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@
 class FdHandler {
   public:
     FdHandler(int read_fd, int write_fd) : read_fd_(read_fd), write_fd_(write_fd) {
-        fdevent_install(&read_fde_, read_fd_, FdEventCallback, this);
-        fdevent_add(&read_fde_, FDE_READ);
-        fdevent_install(&write_fde_, write_fd_, FdEventCallback, this);
+        read_fde_ = fdevent_create(read_fd_, FdEventCallback, this);
+        fdevent_add(read_fde_, FDE_READ);
+        write_fde_ = fdevent_create(write_fd_, FdEventCallback, this);
     }
 
     ~FdHandler() {
-        fdevent_remove(&read_fde_);
-        fdevent_remove(&write_fde_);
+        fdevent_destroy(read_fde_);
+        fdevent_destroy(write_fde_);
     }
 
   private:
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
             char c;
             ASSERT_EQ(1, adb_read(fd, &c, 1));
             handler->queue_.push(c);
-            fdevent_add(&handler->write_fde_, FDE_WRITE);
+            fdevent_add(handler->write_fde_, FDE_WRITE);
         }
         if (events & FDE_WRITE) {
             ASSERT_EQ(fd, handler->write_fd_);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
             handler->queue_.pop();
             ASSERT_EQ(1, adb_write(fd, &c, 1));
             if (handler->queue_.empty()) {
-              fdevent_del(&handler->write_fde_, FDE_WRITE);
+                fdevent_del(handler->write_fde_, FDE_WRITE);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@
   private:
     const int read_fd_;
     const int write_fd_;
-    fdevent read_fde_;
-    fdevent write_fde_;
+    fdevent* read_fde_;
+    fdevent* write_fde_;
     std::queue<char> queue_;
 };
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
 }
 
 struct InvalidFdArg {
-    fdevent fde;
+    fdevent* fde;
     unsigned expected_events;
     size_t* happened_event_count;
 };
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
 static void InvalidFdEventCallback(int, unsigned events, void* userdata) {
     InvalidFdArg* arg = reinterpret_cast<InvalidFdArg*>(userdata);
     ASSERT_EQ(arg->expected_events, events);
-    fdevent_remove(&arg->fde);
+    fdevent_destroy(arg->fde);
     if (++*(arg->happened_event_count) == 2) {
         fdevent_terminate_loop();
     }
@@ -157,15 +157,15 @@
     InvalidFdArg read_arg;
     read_arg.expected_events = FDE_READ | FDE_ERROR;
     read_arg.happened_event_count = &happened_event_count;
-    fdevent_install(&read_arg.fde, INVALID_READ_FD, InvalidFdEventCallback, &read_arg);
-    fdevent_add(&read_arg.fde, FDE_READ);
+    read_arg.fde = fdevent_create(INVALID_READ_FD, InvalidFdEventCallback, &read_arg);
+    fdevent_add(read_arg.fde, FDE_READ);
 
     const int INVALID_WRITE_FD = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
     InvalidFdArg write_arg;
     write_arg.expected_events = FDE_READ | FDE_ERROR;
     write_arg.happened_event_count = &happened_event_count;
-    fdevent_install(&write_arg.fde, INVALID_WRITE_FD, InvalidFdEventCallback, &write_arg);
-    fdevent_add(&write_arg.fde, FDE_WRITE);
+    write_arg.fde = fdevent_create(INVALID_WRITE_FD, InvalidFdEventCallback, &write_arg);
+    fdevent_add(write_arg.fde, FDE_WRITE);
     fdevent_loop();
 }
 
diff --git a/adb/services.cpp b/adb/services.cpp
index 0b0c161..a757d90 100644
--- a/adb/services.cpp
+++ b/adb/services.cpp
@@ -291,7 +291,9 @@
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "sync:", 5)) {
         ret = create_service_thread("sync", file_sync_service, nullptr);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "remount:", 8)) {
-        ret = create_service_thread("remount", remount_service, nullptr);
+        const char* options = name + strlen("remount:");
+        void* cookie = const_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<const void*>(options));
+        ret = create_service_thread("remount", remount_service, cookie);
     } else if(!strncmp(name, "reboot:", 7)) {
         void* arg = strdup(name + 7);
         if (arg == NULL) return -1;
diff --git a/adb/socket.h b/adb/socket.h
index e0fd87f..0905aab 100644
--- a/adb/socket.h
+++ b/adb/socket.h
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@
      * us to our fd event system.  For remote asockets
      * these fields are not used.
      */
-    fdevent fde = {};
-    int fd = 0;
+    fdevent* fde = nullptr;
+    int fd = -1;
 
     // queue of data waiting to be written
-    std::deque<Range> packet_queue;
+    IOVector packet_queue;
 
     std::string smart_socket_data;
 
diff --git a/adb/sockets.cpp b/adb/sockets.cpp
index 7bc0165..de3215d 100644
--- a/adb/sockets.cpp
+++ b/adb/sockets.cpp
@@ -113,24 +113,23 @@
 };
 
 static SocketFlushResult local_socket_flush_incoming(asocket* s) {
-    while (!s->packet_queue.empty()) {
-        Range& r = s->packet_queue.front();
-
-        int rc = adb_write(s->fd, r.data(), r.size());
-        if (rc == static_cast<int>(r.size())) {
-            s->packet_queue.pop_front();
+    if (!s->packet_queue.empty()) {
+        std::vector<adb_iovec> iov = s->packet_queue.iovecs();
+        ssize_t rc = adb_writev(s->fd, iov.data(), iov.size());
+        if (rc > 0 && static_cast<size_t>(rc) == s->packet_queue.size()) {
+            s->packet_queue.clear();
         } else if (rc > 0) {
-            r.drop_front(rc);
-            fdevent_add(&s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
+            // TODO: Implement a faster drop_front?
+            s->packet_queue.take_front(rc);
+            fdevent_add(s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
             return SocketFlushResult::TryAgain;
         } else if (rc == -1 && errno == EAGAIN) {
-            fdevent_add(&s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
+            fdevent_add(s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
             return SocketFlushResult::TryAgain;
         } else {
             // We failed to write, but it's possible that we can still read from the socket.
             // Give that a try before giving up.
             s->has_write_error = true;
-            break;
         }
     }
 
@@ -140,7 +139,7 @@
         return SocketFlushResult::Destroyed;
     }
 
-    fdevent_del(&s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
+    fdevent_del(s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
     return SocketFlushResult::Completed;
 }
 
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@
         break;
     }
     D("LS(%d): fd=%d post avail loop. r=%d is_eof=%d forced_eof=%d", s->id, s->fd, r, is_eof,
-      s->fde.force_eof);
+      s->fde->force_eof);
 
     if (avail != max_payload && s->peer) {
         data.resize(max_payload - avail);
@@ -200,13 +199,13 @@
             ** we disable notification of READs.  They'll
             ** be enabled again when we get a call to ready()
             */
-            fdevent_del(&s->fde, FDE_READ);
+            fdevent_del(s->fde, FDE_READ);
         }
     }
 
     // Don't allow a forced eof if data is still there.
-    if ((s->fde.force_eof && !r) || is_eof) {
-        D(" closing because is_eof=%d r=%d s->fde.force_eof=%d", is_eof, r, s->fde.force_eof);
+    if ((s->fde->force_eof && !r) || is_eof) {
+        D(" closing because is_eof=%d r=%d s->fde.force_eof=%d", is_eof, r, s->fde->force_eof);
         s->close(s);
         return false;
     }
@@ -217,8 +216,7 @@
 static int local_socket_enqueue(asocket* s, apacket::payload_type data) {
     D("LS(%d): enqueue %zu", s->id, data.size());
 
-    Range r(std::move(data));
-    s->packet_queue.push_back(std::move(r));
+    s->packet_queue.append(std::move(data));
     switch (local_socket_flush_incoming(s)) {
         case SocketFlushResult::Destroyed:
             return -1;
@@ -236,19 +234,19 @@
 static void local_socket_ready(asocket* s) {
     /* far side is ready for data, pay attention to
        readable events */
-    fdevent_add(&s->fde, FDE_READ);
+    fdevent_add(s->fde, FDE_READ);
 }
 
 // be sure to hold the socket list lock when calling this
 static void local_socket_destroy(asocket* s) {
     int exit_on_close = s->exit_on_close;
 
-    D("LS(%d): destroying fde.fd=%d", s->id, s->fde.fd);
+    D("LS(%d): destroying fde.fd=%d", s->id, s->fd);
 
     /* IMPORTANT: the remove closes the fd
     ** that belongs to this socket
     */
-    fdevent_remove(&s->fde);
+    fdevent_destroy(s->fde);
 
     remove_socket(s);
     delete s;
@@ -290,11 +288,11 @@
     */
     D("LS(%d): closing", s->id);
     s->closing = 1;
-    fdevent_del(&s->fde, FDE_READ);
+    fdevent_del(s->fde, FDE_READ);
     remove_socket(s);
     D("LS(%d): put on socket_closing_list fd=%d", s->id, s->fd);
     local_socket_closing_list.push_back(s);
-    CHECK_EQ(FDE_WRITE, s->fde.state & FDE_WRITE);
+    CHECK_EQ(FDE_WRITE, s->fde->state & FDE_WRITE);
 }
 
 static void local_socket_event_func(int fd, unsigned ev, void* _s) {
@@ -343,7 +341,7 @@
     s->close = local_socket_close;
     install_local_socket(s);
 
-    fdevent_install(&s->fde, fd, local_socket_event_func, s);
+    s->fde = fdevent_create(fd, local_socket_event_func, s);
     D("LS(%d): created (fd=%d)", s->id, s->fd);
     return s;
 }
@@ -622,7 +620,7 @@
     D("SS(%d): enqueue %zu", s->id, data.size());
 
     if (s->smart_socket_data.empty()) {
-        // TODO: Make this a BlockChain?
+        // TODO: Make this an IOVector?
         s->smart_socket_data.assign(data.begin(), data.end());
     } else {
         std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), std::back_inserter(s->smart_socket_data));
@@ -750,7 +748,7 @@
     if (!s->transport) {
         SendFail(s->peer->fd, "device offline (no transport)");
         goto fail;
-    } else if (s->transport->GetConnectionState() == kCsOffline) {
+    } else if (!ConnectionStateIsOnline(s->transport->GetConnectionState())) {
         /* if there's no remote we fail the connection
          ** right here and terminate it
          */
diff --git a/adb/test_adb.py b/adb/test_adb.py
index 32bf029..ddd3ff0 100644
--- a/adb/test_adb.py
+++ b/adb/test_adb.py
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def fake_adb_server(protocol=socket.AF_INET, port=0):
-    """Creates a fake ADB server that just replies with a CNXN packet."""
+def fake_adbd(protocol=socket.AF_INET, port=0):
+    """Creates a fake ADB daemon that just replies with a CNXN packet."""
 
     serversock = socket.socket(protocol, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    serversock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
     if protocol == socket.AF_INET:
         serversock.bind(('127.0.0.1', port))
     else:
@@ -60,31 +61,33 @@
         rlist = [readpipe, serversock]
         cnxn_sent = {}
         while True:
-            ready, _, _ = select.select(rlist, [], [])
-            for r in ready:
-                if r == readpipe:
+            read_ready, _, _ = select.select(rlist, [], [])
+            for ready in read_ready:
+                if ready == readpipe:
                     # Closure pipe
-                    os.close(r)
+                    os.close(ready)
                     serversock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
                     serversock.close()
                     return
-                elif r == serversock:
+                elif ready == serversock:
                     # Server socket
-                    conn, _ = r.accept()
+                    conn, _ = ready.accept()
                     rlist.append(conn)
                 else:
                     # Client socket
-                    data = r.recv(1024)
-                    if not data:
-                        if r in cnxn_sent:
-                            del cnxn_sent[r]
-                        rlist.remove(r)
+                    data = ready.recv(1024)
+                    if not data or data.startswith('OPEN'):
+                        if ready in cnxn_sent:
+                            del cnxn_sent[ready]
+                        ready.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+                        ready.close()
+                        rlist.remove(ready)
                         continue
-                    if r in cnxn_sent:
+                    if ready in cnxn_sent:
                         continue
-                    cnxn_sent[r] = True
-                    r.sendall(_adb_packet('CNXN', 0x01000001, 1024 * 1024,
-                                          'device::ro.product.name=fakeadb'))
+                    cnxn_sent[ready] = True
+                    ready.sendall(_adb_packet('CNXN', 0x01000001, 1024 * 1024,
+                                              'device::ro.product.name=fakeadb'))
 
     port = serversock.getsockname()[1]
     server_thread = threading.Thread(target=_handle)
@@ -97,8 +100,52 @@
         server_thread.join()
 
 
-class NonApiTest(unittest.TestCase):
-    """Tests for ADB that aren't a part of the AndroidDevice API."""
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def adb_connect(unittest, serial):
+    """Context manager for an ADB connection.
+
+    This automatically disconnects when done with the connection.
+    """
+
+    output = subprocess.check_output(['adb', 'connect', serial])
+    unittest.assertEqual(output.strip(), 'connected to {}'.format(serial))
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        # Perform best-effort disconnection. Discard the output.
+        subprocess.Popen(['adb', 'disconnect', serial],
+                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def adb_server():
+    """Context manager for an ADB server.
+
+    This creates an ADB server and returns the port it's listening on.
+    """
+
+    port = 5038
+    # Kill any existing server on this non-default port.
+    subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-P', str(port), 'kill-server'],
+                            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+    read_pipe, write_pipe = os.pipe()
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(['adb', '-L', 'tcp:localhost:{}'.format(port),
+                             'fork-server', 'server',
+                             '--reply-fd', str(write_pipe)])
+    try:
+        os.close(write_pipe)
+        greeting = os.read(read_pipe, 1024)
+        assert greeting == 'OK\n', repr(greeting)
+        yield port
+    finally:
+        proc.terminate()
+        proc.wait()
+
+
+class CommandlineTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Tests for the ADB commandline."""
 
     def test_help(self):
         """Make sure we get _something_ out of help."""
@@ -120,28 +167,37 @@
                 revision_line, r'^Revision [0-9a-f]{12}-android$')
 
     def test_tcpip_error_messages(self):
-        p = subprocess.Popen(['adb', 'tcpip'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-                             stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
-        out, _ = p.communicate()
-        self.assertEqual(1, p.returncode)
+        """Make sure 'adb tcpip' parsing is sane."""
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(['adb', 'tcpip'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        out, _ = proc.communicate()
+        self.assertEqual(1, proc.returncode)
         self.assertIn('requires an argument', out)
 
-        p = subprocess.Popen(['adb', 'tcpip', 'foo'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-                             stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
-        out, _ = p.communicate()
-        self.assertEqual(1, p.returncode)
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(['adb', 'tcpip', 'foo'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        out, _ = proc.communicate()
+        self.assertEqual(1, proc.returncode)
         self.assertIn('invalid port', out)
 
-    # Helper method that reads a pipe until it is closed, then sets the event.
-    def _read_pipe_and_set_event(self, pipe, event):
-        x = pipe.read()
+
+class ServerTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Tests for the ADB server."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _read_pipe_and_set_event(pipe, event):
+        """Reads a pipe until it is closed, then sets the event."""
+        pipe.read()
         event.set()
 
-    # Test that launch_server() does not let the adb server inherit
-    # stdin/stdout/stderr handles which can cause callers of adb.exe to hang.
-    # This test also runs fine on unix even though the impetus is an issue
-    # unique to Windows.
     def test_handle_inheritance(self):
+        """Test that launch_server() does not inherit handles.
+
+        launch_server() should not let the adb server inherit
+        stdin/stdout/stderr handles, which can cause callers of adb.exe to hang.
+        This test also runs fine on unix even though the impetus is an issue
+        unique to Windows.
+        """
         # This test takes 5 seconds to run on Windows: if there is no adb server
         # running on the the port used below, adb kill-server tries to make a
         # TCP connection to a closed port and that takes 1 second on Windows;
@@ -163,29 +219,30 @@
 
         try:
             # Run the adb client and have it start the adb server.
-            p = subprocess.Popen(['adb', '-P', str(port), 'start-server'],
-                                 stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-                                 stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+            proc = subprocess.Popen(['adb', '-P', str(port), 'start-server'],
+                                    stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                    stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
 
             # Start threads that set events when stdout/stderr are closed.
             stdout_event = threading.Event()
             stdout_thread = threading.Thread(
-                    target=self._read_pipe_and_set_event,
-                    args=(p.stdout, stdout_event))
+                target=ServerTest._read_pipe_and_set_event,
+                args=(proc.stdout, stdout_event))
             stdout_thread.daemon = True
             stdout_thread.start()
 
             stderr_event = threading.Event()
             stderr_thread = threading.Thread(
-                    target=self._read_pipe_and_set_event,
-                    args=(p.stderr, stderr_event))
+                target=ServerTest._read_pipe_and_set_event,
+                args=(proc.stderr, stderr_event))
             stderr_thread.daemon = True
             stderr_thread.start()
 
             # Wait for the adb client to finish. Once that has occurred, if
             # stdin/stderr/stdout are still open, it must be open in the adb
             # server.
-            p.wait()
+            proc.wait()
 
             # Try to write to stdin which we expect is closed. If it isn't
             # closed, we should get an IOError. If we don't get an IOError,
@@ -193,7 +250,7 @@
             # probably letting the adb server inherit stdin which would be
             # wrong.
             with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-                p.stdin.write('x')
+                proc.stdin.write('x')
 
             # Wait a few seconds for stdout/stderr to be closed (in the success
             # case, this won't wait at all). If there is a timeout, that means
@@ -207,8 +264,12 @@
             subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-P', str(port), 'kill-server'],
                                     stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
 
-    # Use SO_LINGER to cause TCP RST segment to be sent on socket close.
+
+class EmulatorTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Tests for the emulator connection."""
+
     def _reset_socket_on_close(self, sock):
+        """Use SO_LINGER to cause TCP RST segment to be sent on socket close."""
         # The linger structure is two shorts on Windows, but two ints on Unix.
         linger_format = 'hh' if os.name == 'nt' else 'ii'
         l_onoff = 1
@@ -227,7 +288,7 @@
         Bug: https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=21021
         """
         with contextlib.closing(
-                socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)) as listener:
+            socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)) as listener:
             # Use SO_REUSEADDR so subsequent runs of the test can grab the port
             # even if it is in TIME_WAIT.
             listener.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
@@ -237,7 +298,7 @@
 
             # Now that listening has started, start adb emu kill, telling it to
             # connect to our mock emulator.
-            p = subprocess.Popen(
+            proc = subprocess.Popen(
                 ['adb', '-s', 'emulator-' + str(port), 'emu', 'kill'],
                 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
 
@@ -246,12 +307,16 @@
                 # If WSAECONNABORTED (10053) is raised by any socket calls,
                 # then adb probably isn't reading the data that we sent it.
                 conn.sendall('Android Console: type \'help\' for a list ' +
-                                'of commands\r\n')
+                             'of commands\r\n')
                 conn.sendall('OK\r\n')
 
-                with contextlib.closing(conn.makefile()) as f:
-                    self.assertEqual('kill\n', f.readline())
-                    self.assertEqual('quit\n', f.readline())
+                with contextlib.closing(conn.makefile()) as connf:
+                    line = connf.readline()
+                    if line.startswith('auth'):
+                        # Ignore the first auth line.
+                        line = connf.readline()
+                    self.assertEqual('kill\n', line)
+                    self.assertEqual('quit\n', connf.readline())
 
                 conn.sendall('OK: killing emulator, bye bye\r\n')
 
@@ -264,11 +329,48 @@
                 self._reset_socket_on_close(conn)
 
             # Wait for adb to finish, so we can check return code.
-            p.communicate()
+            proc.communicate()
 
             # If this fails, adb probably isn't ignoring WSAECONNRESET when
             # reading the response from the adb emu kill command (on Windows).
-            self.assertEqual(0, p.returncode)
+            self.assertEqual(0, proc.returncode)
+
+    def test_emulator_connect(self):
+        """Ensure that the emulator can connect.
+
+        Bug: http://b/78991667
+        """
+        with adb_server() as server_port:
+            with fake_adbd() as port:
+                serial = 'emulator-{}'.format(port - 1)
+                # Ensure that the emulator is not there.
+                try:
+                    subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-P', str(server_port),
+                                             '-s', serial, 'get-state'],
+                                            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+                    self.fail('Device should not be available')
+                except subprocess.CalledProcessError as err:
+                    self.assertEqual(
+                        err.output.strip(),
+                        'error: device \'{}\' not found'.format(serial))
+
+                # Let the ADB server know that the emulator has started.
+                with contextlib.closing(
+                    socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)) as sock:
+                    sock.connect(('localhost', server_port))
+                    command = 'host:emulator:{}'.format(port)
+                    sock.sendall('%04x%s' % (len(command), command))
+
+                # Ensure the emulator is there.
+                subprocess.check_call(['adb', '-P', str(server_port),
+                                       '-s', serial, 'wait-for-device'])
+                output = subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-P', str(server_port),
+                                                  '-s', serial, 'get-state'])
+                self.assertEqual(output.strip(), 'device')
+
+
+class ConnectionTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Tests for adb connect."""
 
     def test_connect_ipv4_ipv6(self):
         """Ensure that `adb connect localhost:1234` will try both IPv4 and IPv6.
@@ -277,38 +379,67 @@
         """
         for protocol in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6):
             try:
-                with fake_adb_server(protocol=protocol) as port:
-                    output = subprocess.check_output(
-                        ['adb', 'connect', 'localhost:{}'.format(port)])
-
-                    self.assertEqual(
-                        output.strip(), 'connected to localhost:{}'.format(port))
+                with fake_adbd(protocol=protocol) as port:
+                    serial = 'localhost:{}'.format(port)
+                    with adb_connect(self, serial):
+                        pass
             except socket.error:
                 print("IPv6 not available, skipping")
                 continue
 
     def test_already_connected(self):
-        with fake_adb_server() as port:
-            output = subprocess.check_output(
-                ['adb', 'connect', 'localhost:{}'.format(port)])
+        """Ensure that an already-connected device stays connected."""
 
-            self.assertEqual(
-                output.strip(), 'connected to localhost:{}'.format(port))
+        with fake_adbd() as port:
+            serial = 'localhost:{}'.format(port)
+            with adb_connect(self, serial):
+                # b/31250450: this always returns 0 but probably shouldn't.
+                output = subprocess.check_output(['adb', 'connect', serial])
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    output.strip(), 'already connected to {}'.format(serial))
 
-            # b/31250450: this always returns 0 but probably shouldn't.
-            output = subprocess.check_output(
-                ['adb', 'connect', 'localhost:{}'.format(port)])
+    def test_reconnect(self):
+        """Ensure that a disconnected device reconnects."""
 
-            self.assertEqual(
-                output.strip(), 'already connected to localhost:{}'.format(port))
+        with fake_adbd() as port:
+            serial = 'localhost:{}'.format(port)
+            with adb_connect(self, serial):
+                output = subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-s', serial,
+                                                  'get-state'])
+                self.assertEqual(output.strip(), 'device')
+
+                # This will fail.
+                proc = subprocess.Popen(['adb', '-s', serial, 'shell', 'true'],
+                                        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                        stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+                output, _ = proc.communicate()
+                self.assertEqual(output.strip(), 'error: closed')
+
+                subprocess.check_call(['adb', '-s', serial, 'wait-for-device'])
+
+                output = subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-s', serial,
+                                                  'get-state'])
+                self.assertEqual(output.strip(), 'device')
+
+                # Once we explicitly kick a device, it won't attempt to
+                # reconnect.
+                output = subprocess.check_output(['adb', 'disconnect', serial])
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    output.strip(), 'disconnected {}'.format(serial))
+                try:
+                    subprocess.check_output(['adb', '-s', serial, 'get-state'],
+                                            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+                    self.fail('Device should not be available')
+                except subprocess.CalledProcessError as err:
+                    self.assertEqual(
+                        err.output.strip(),
+                        'error: device \'{}\' not found'.format(serial))
+
 
 def main():
+    """Main entrypoint."""
     random.seed(0)
-    if len(adb.get_devices()) > 0:
-        suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromName(__name__)
-        unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=3).run(suite)
-    else:
-        print('Test suite must be run with attached devices')
+    unittest.main(verbosity=3)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/adb/transport.cpp b/adb/transport.cpp
index fa7cc8c..7db9bf2 100644
--- a/adb/transport.cpp
+++ b/adb/transport.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include <deque>
 #include <list>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <queue>
 #include <thread>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -50,7 +51,9 @@
 #include "adb_utils.h"
 #include "fdevent.h"
 
-static void transport_unref(atransport *t);
+static void register_transport(atransport* transport);
+static void remove_transport(atransport* transport);
+static void transport_unref(atransport* transport);
 
 // TODO: unordered_map<TransportId, atransport*>
 static auto& transport_list = *new std::list<atransport*>();
@@ -77,6 +80,130 @@
     ~ScopedAssumeLocked() RELEASE() {}
 };
 
+// Tracks and handles atransport*s that are attempting reconnection.
+class ReconnectHandler {
+  public:
+    ReconnectHandler() = default;
+    ~ReconnectHandler() = default;
+
+    // Starts the ReconnectHandler thread.
+    void Start();
+
+    // Requests the ReconnectHandler thread to stop.
+    void Stop();
+
+    // Adds the atransport* to the queue of reconnect attempts.
+    void TrackTransport(atransport* transport);
+
+  private:
+    // The main thread loop.
+    void Run();
+
+    // Tracks a reconnection attempt.
+    struct ReconnectAttempt {
+        atransport* transport;
+        std::chrono::system_clock::time_point deadline;
+        size_t attempts_left;
+    };
+
+    // Only retry for up to one minute.
+    static constexpr const std::chrono::seconds kDefaultTimeout = std::chrono::seconds(10);
+    static constexpr const size_t kMaxAttempts = 6;
+
+    // Protects all members.
+    std::mutex reconnect_mutex_;
+    bool running_ GUARDED_BY(reconnect_mutex_) = true;
+    std::thread handler_thread_;
+    std::condition_variable reconnect_cv_;
+    std::queue<ReconnectAttempt> reconnect_queue_ GUARDED_BY(reconnect_mutex_);
+
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ReconnectHandler);
+};
+
+void ReconnectHandler::Start() {
+    check_main_thread();
+    handler_thread_ = std::thread(&ReconnectHandler::Run, this);
+}
+
+void ReconnectHandler::Stop() {
+    check_main_thread();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(reconnect_mutex_);
+        running_ = false;
+    }
+    reconnect_cv_.notify_one();
+    handler_thread_.join();
+
+    // Drain the queue to free all resources.
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(reconnect_mutex_);
+    while (!reconnect_queue_.empty()) {
+        ReconnectAttempt attempt = reconnect_queue_.front();
+        reconnect_queue_.pop();
+        remove_transport(attempt.transport);
+    }
+}
+
+void ReconnectHandler::TrackTransport(atransport* transport) {
+    check_main_thread();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(reconnect_mutex_);
+        if (!running_) return;
+        reconnect_queue_.emplace(ReconnectAttempt{
+            transport, std::chrono::system_clock::now() + ReconnectHandler::kDefaultTimeout,
+            ReconnectHandler::kMaxAttempts});
+    }
+    reconnect_cv_.notify_one();
+}
+
+void ReconnectHandler::Run() {
+    while (true) {
+        ReconnectAttempt attempt;
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(reconnect_mutex_);
+            ScopedAssumeLocked assume_lock(reconnect_mutex_);
+
+            auto deadline = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock>::max();
+            if (!reconnect_queue_.empty()) deadline = reconnect_queue_.front().deadline;
+            reconnect_cv_.wait_until(lock, deadline, [&]() REQUIRES(reconnect_mutex_) {
+                return !running_ ||
+                       (!reconnect_queue_.empty() && reconnect_queue_.front().deadline < deadline);
+            });
+
+            if (!running_) return;
+            attempt = reconnect_queue_.front();
+            reconnect_queue_.pop();
+            if (attempt.transport->kicked()) {
+                D("transport %s was kicked. giving up on it.", attempt.transport->serial);
+                remove_transport(attempt.transport);
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        D("attempting to reconnect %s", attempt.transport->serial);
+
+        if (!attempt.transport->Reconnect()) {
+            D("attempting to reconnect %s failed.", attempt.transport->serial);
+            if (attempt.attempts_left == 0) {
+                D("transport %s exceeded the number of retry attempts. giving up on it.",
+                  attempt.transport->serial);
+                remove_transport(attempt.transport);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(reconnect_mutex_);
+            reconnect_queue_.emplace(ReconnectAttempt{
+                attempt.transport,
+                std::chrono::system_clock::now() + ReconnectHandler::kDefaultTimeout,
+                attempt.attempts_left - 1});
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        D("reconnection to %s succeeded.", attempt.transport->serial);
+        register_transport(attempt.transport);
+    }
+}
+
+static auto& reconnect_handler = *new ReconnectHandler();
+
 }  // namespace
 
 TransportId NextTransportId() {
@@ -300,7 +427,7 @@
 
 static int transport_registration_send = -1;
 static int transport_registration_recv = -1;
-static fdevent transport_registration_fde;
+static fdevent* transport_registration_fde;
 
 #if ADB_HOST
 
@@ -477,8 +604,6 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static void remove_transport(atransport*);
-
 static void transport_registration_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void*) {
     tmsg m;
     atransport* t;
@@ -515,8 +640,9 @@
 
     /* don't create transport threads for inaccessible devices */
     if (t->GetConnectionState() != kCsNoPerm) {
-        /* initial references are the two threads */
-        t->ref_count = 1;
+        // The connection gets a reference to the atransport. It will release it
+        // upon a read/write error.
+        t->ref_count++;
         t->connection()->SetTransportName(t->serial_name());
         t->connection()->SetReadCallback([t](Connection*, std::unique_ptr<apacket> p) {
             if (!check_header(p.get(), t)) {
@@ -547,13 +673,20 @@
 
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(transport_lock);
-        pending_list.remove(t);
-        transport_list.push_front(t);
+        auto it = std::find(pending_list.begin(), pending_list.end(), t);
+        if (it != pending_list.end()) {
+            pending_list.remove(t);
+            transport_list.push_front(t);
+        }
     }
 
     update_transports();
 }
 
+void init_reconnect_handler(void) {
+    reconnect_handler.Start();
+}
+
 void init_transport_registration(void) {
     int s[2];
 
@@ -565,13 +698,13 @@
     transport_registration_send = s[0];
     transport_registration_recv = s[1];
 
-    fdevent_install(&transport_registration_fde, transport_registration_recv,
-                    transport_registration_func, 0);
-
-    fdevent_set(&transport_registration_fde, FDE_READ);
+    transport_registration_fde =
+        fdevent_create(transport_registration_recv, transport_registration_func, 0);
+    fdevent_set(transport_registration_fde, FDE_READ);
 }
 
 void kick_all_transports() {
+    reconnect_handler.Stop();
     // To avoid only writing part of a packet to a transport after exit, kick all transports.
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(transport_lock);
     for (auto t : transport_list) {
@@ -601,15 +734,21 @@
 }
 
 static void transport_unref(atransport* t) {
+    check_main_thread();
     CHECK(t != nullptr);
 
     std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(transport_lock);
     CHECK_GT(t->ref_count, 0u);
     t->ref_count--;
     if (t->ref_count == 0) {
-        D("transport: %s unref (kicking and closing)", t->serial);
         t->connection()->Stop();
-        remove_transport(t);
+        if (t->IsTcpDevice() && !t->kicked()) {
+            D("transport: %s unref (attempting reconnection) %d", t->serial, t->kicked());
+            reconnect_handler.TrackTransport(t);
+        } else {
+            D("transport: %s unref (kicking and closing)", t->serial);
+            remove_transport(t);
+        }
     } else {
         D("transport: %s unref (count=%zu)", t->serial, t->ref_count);
     }
@@ -708,22 +847,41 @@
     }
     lock.unlock();
 
-    // Don't return unauthorized devices; the caller can't do anything with them.
-    if (result && result->GetConnectionState() == kCsUnauthorized && !accept_any_state) {
-        *error_out = "device unauthorized.\n";
-        char* ADB_VENDOR_KEYS = getenv("ADB_VENDOR_KEYS");
-        *error_out += "This adb server's $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS is ";
-        *error_out += ADB_VENDOR_KEYS ? ADB_VENDOR_KEYS : "not set";
-        *error_out += "\n";
-        *error_out += "Try 'adb kill-server' if that seems wrong.\n";
-        *error_out += "Otherwise check for a confirmation dialog on your device.";
-        result = nullptr;
-    }
+    if (result && !accept_any_state) {
+        // The caller requires an active transport.
+        // Make sure that we're actually connected.
+        ConnectionState state = result->GetConnectionState();
+        switch (state) {
+            case kCsConnecting:
+                *error_out = "device still connecting";
+                result = nullptr;
+                break;
 
-    // Don't return offline devices; the caller can't do anything with them.
-    if (result && result->GetConnectionState() == kCsOffline && !accept_any_state) {
-        *error_out = "device offline";
-        result = nullptr;
+            case kCsAuthorizing:
+                *error_out = "device still authorizing";
+                result = nullptr;
+                break;
+
+            case kCsUnauthorized: {
+                *error_out = "device unauthorized.\n";
+                char* ADB_VENDOR_KEYS = getenv("ADB_VENDOR_KEYS");
+                *error_out += "This adb server's $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS is ";
+                *error_out += ADB_VENDOR_KEYS ? ADB_VENDOR_KEYS : "not set";
+                *error_out += "\n";
+                *error_out += "Try 'adb kill-server' if that seems wrong.\n";
+                *error_out += "Otherwise check for a confirmation dialog on your device.";
+                result = nullptr;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case kCsOffline:
+                *error_out = "device offline";
+                result = nullptr;
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
     }
 
     if (result) {
@@ -762,9 +920,8 @@
 }
 
 void atransport::Kick() {
-    if (!kicked_) {
-        D("kicking transport %s", this->serial);
-        kicked_ = true;
+    if (!kicked_.exchange(true)) {
+        D("kicking transport %p %s", this, this->serial);
         this->connection()->Stop();
     }
 }
@@ -802,6 +959,10 @@
             return "sideload";
         case kCsUnauthorized:
             return "unauthorized";
+        case kCsAuthorizing:
+            return "authorizing";
+        case kCsConnecting:
+            return "connecting";
         default:
             return "unknown";
     }
@@ -918,6 +1079,10 @@
     connection_waitable_->SetConnectionEstablished(success);
 }
 
+bool atransport::Reconnect() {
+    return reconnect_(this);
+}
+
 #if ADB_HOST
 
 // We use newline as our delimiter, make sure to never output it.
@@ -998,8 +1163,9 @@
 }
 #endif  // ADB_HOST
 
-int register_socket_transport(int s, const char* serial, int port, int local) {
-    atransport* t = new atransport();
+int register_socket_transport(int s, const char* serial, int port, int local,
+                              atransport::ReconnectCallback reconnect) {
+    atransport* t = new atransport(std::move(reconnect), kCsOffline);
 
     if (!serial) {
         char buf[32];
@@ -1080,7 +1246,7 @@
 
 void register_usb_transport(usb_handle* usb, const char* serial, const char* devpath,
                             unsigned writeable) {
-    atransport* t = new atransport((writeable ? kCsOffline : kCsNoPerm));
+    atransport* t = new atransport(writeable ? kCsOffline : kCsNoPerm);
 
     D("transport: %p init'ing for usb_handle %p (sn='%s')", t, usb, serial ? serial : "");
     init_usb_transport(t, usb);
diff --git a/adb/transport.h b/adb/transport.h
index ebc186b..ae9cc02 100644
--- a/adb/transport.h
+++ b/adb/transport.h
@@ -198,20 +198,27 @@
     // class in one go is a very large change. Given how bad our testing is,
     // it's better to do this piece by piece.
 
-    atransport(ConnectionState state = kCsOffline)
+    using ReconnectCallback = std::function<bool(atransport*)>;
+
+    atransport(ReconnectCallback reconnect, ConnectionState state)
         : id(NextTransportId()),
+          kicked_(false),
           connection_state_(state),
           connection_waitable_(std::make_shared<ConnectionWaitable>()),
-          connection_(nullptr) {
+          connection_(nullptr),
+          reconnect_(std::move(reconnect)) {
         // Initialize protocol to min version for compatibility with older versions.
         // Version will be updated post-connect.
         protocol_version = A_VERSION_MIN;
         max_payload = MAX_PAYLOAD;
     }
+    atransport(ConnectionState state = kCsOffline)
+        : atransport([](atransport*) { return false; }, state) {}
     virtual ~atransport();
 
     int Write(apacket* p);
     void Kick();
+    bool kicked() const { return kicked_; }
 
     // ConnectionState can be read by all threads, but can only be written in the main thread.
     ConnectionState GetConnectionState() const;
@@ -286,8 +293,12 @@
     // Gets a shared reference to the ConnectionWaitable.
     std::shared_ptr<ConnectionWaitable> connection_waitable() { return connection_waitable_; }
 
+    // Attempts to reconnect with the underlying Connection. Returns true if the
+    // reconnection attempt succeeded.
+    bool Reconnect();
+
   private:
-    bool kicked_ = false;
+    std::atomic<bool> kicked_;
 
     // A set of features transmitted in the banner with the initial connection.
     // This is stored in the banner as 'features=feature0,feature1,etc'.
@@ -310,6 +321,9 @@
     // The underlying connection object.
     std::shared_ptr<Connection> connection_ GUARDED_BY(mutex_);
 
+    // A callback that will be invoked when the atransport needs to reconnect.
+    ReconnectCallback reconnect_;
+
     std::mutex mutex_;
 
     DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(atransport);
@@ -333,6 +347,7 @@
 // Stops iteration and returns false if fn returns false, otherwise returns true.
 bool iterate_transports(std::function<bool(const atransport*)> fn);
 
+void init_reconnect_handler(void);
 void init_transport_registration(void);
 void init_mdns_transport_discovery(void);
 std::string list_transports(bool long_listing);
@@ -347,7 +362,8 @@
 void connect_device(const std::string& address, std::string* response);
 
 /* cause new transports to be init'd and added to the list */
-int register_socket_transport(int s, const char* serial, int port, int local);
+int register_socket_transport(int s, const char* serial, int port, int local,
+                              atransport::ReconnectCallback reconnect);
 
 // This should only be used for transports with connection_state == kCsNoPerm.
 void unregister_usb_transport(usb_handle* usb);
diff --git a/adb/transport_local.cpp b/adb/transport_local.cpp
index e81f27c..181d666 100644
--- a/adb/transport_local.cpp
+++ b/adb/transport_local.cpp
@@ -68,28 +68,24 @@
     return local_connect_arbitrary_ports(port - 1, port, &dummy) == 0;
 }
 
-void connect_device(const std::string& address, std::string* response) {
-    if (address.empty()) {
-        *response = "empty address";
-        return;
-    }
-
+std::tuple<unique_fd, int, std::string> tcp_connect(const std::string& address,
+                                                    std::string* response) {
     std::string serial;
     std::string host;
     int port = DEFAULT_ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_PORT;
     if (!android::base::ParseNetAddress(address, &host, &port, &serial, response)) {
-        return;
+        return std::make_tuple(unique_fd(), port, serial);
     }
 
     std::string error;
-    int fd = network_connect(host.c_str(), port, SOCK_STREAM, 10, &error);
+    unique_fd fd(network_connect(host.c_str(), port, SOCK_STREAM, 10, &error));
     if (fd == -1) {
         *response = android::base::StringPrintf("unable to connect to %s: %s",
                                                 serial.c_str(), error.c_str());
-        return;
+        return std::make_tuple(std::move(fd), port, serial);
     }
 
-    D("client: connected %s remote on fd %d", serial.c_str(), fd);
+    D("client: connected %s remote on fd %d", serial.c_str(), fd.get());
     close_on_exec(fd);
     disable_tcp_nagle(fd);
 
@@ -98,7 +94,38 @@
         D("warning: failed to configure TCP keepalives (%s)", strerror(errno));
     }
 
-    int ret = register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), port, 0);
+    return std::make_tuple(std::move(fd), port, serial);
+}
+
+void connect_device(const std::string& address, std::string* response) {
+    if (address.empty()) {
+        *response = "empty address";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    unique_fd fd;
+    int port;
+    std::string serial;
+    std::tie(fd, port, serial) = tcp_connect(address, response);
+    auto reconnect = [address](atransport* t) {
+        std::string response;
+        unique_fd fd;
+        int port;
+        std::string serial;
+        std::tie(fd, port, serial) = tcp_connect(address, &response);
+        if (fd == -1) {
+            D("reconnect failed: %s", response.c_str());
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // This invokes the part of register_socket_transport() that needs to be
+        // invoked if the atransport* has already been setup. This eventually
+        // calls atransport->SetConnection() with a newly created Connection*
+        // that will in turn send the CNXN packet.
+        return init_socket_transport(t, fd.release(), port, 0) >= 0;
+    };
+
+    int ret = register_socket_transport(fd.release(), serial.c_str(), port, 0, std::move(reconnect));
     if (ret < 0) {
         adb_close(fd);
         if (ret == -EALREADY) {
@@ -135,7 +162,8 @@
         close_on_exec(fd);
         disable_tcp_nagle(fd);
         std::string serial = getEmulatorSerialString(console_port);
-        if (register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), adb_port, 1) == 0) {
+        if (register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), adb_port, 1,
+                                      [](atransport*) { return false; }) == 0) {
             return 0;
         }
         adb_close(fd);
@@ -239,7 +267,8 @@
             close_on_exec(fd);
             disable_tcp_nagle(fd);
             std::string serial = android::base::StringPrintf("host-%d", fd);
-            if (register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), port, 1) != 0) {
+            if (register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), port, 1,
+                                          [](atransport*) { return false; }) != 0) {
                 adb_close(fd);
             }
         }
@@ -338,7 +367,8 @@
                 /* Host is connected. Register the transport, and start the
                  * exchange. */
                 std::string serial = android::base::StringPrintf("host-%d", fd);
-                if (register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), port, 1) != 0 ||
+                if (register_socket_transport(fd, serial.c_str(), port, 1,
+                                              [](atransport*) { return false; }) != 0 ||
                     !WriteFdExactly(fd, _start_req, strlen(_start_req))) {
                     adb_close(fd);
                 }
diff --git a/adb/types.h b/adb/types.h
index dd3e063..c6b3f07 100644
--- a/adb/types.h
+++ b/adb/types.h
@@ -17,11 +17,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <deque>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include "sysdeps/memory.h"
+#include "sysdeps/uio.h"
 
 // Essentially std::vector<char>, except without zero initialization or reallocation.
 struct Block {
@@ -130,34 +134,205 @@
     payload_type payload;
 };
 
-struct Range {
-    explicit Range(apacket::payload_type data) : data_(std::move(data)) {}
+struct IOVector {
+    using value_type = char;
+    using block_type = Block;
+    using size_type = size_t;
 
-    Range(const Range& copy) = delete;
-    Range& operator=(const Range& copy) = delete;
+    IOVector() {}
 
-    Range(Range&& move) = default;
-    Range& operator=(Range&& move) = default;
+    explicit IOVector(std::unique_ptr<block_type> block) {
+        append(std::move(block));
+    }
 
-    size_t size() const { return data_.size() - begin_offset_ - end_offset_; };
+    IOVector(const IOVector& copy) = delete;
+    IOVector(IOVector&& move) : IOVector() {
+        *this = std::move(move);
+    }
+
+    IOVector& operator=(const IOVector& copy) = delete;
+    IOVector& operator=(IOVector&& move) {
+        chain_ = std::move(move.chain_);
+        chain_length_ = move.chain_length_;
+        begin_offset_ = move.begin_offset_;
+        end_offset_ = move.end_offset_;
+
+        move.chain_.clear();
+        move.chain_length_ = 0;
+        move.begin_offset_ = 0;
+        move.end_offset_ = 0;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    size_type size() const { return chain_length_ - begin_offset_ - end_offset_; }
     bool empty() const { return size() == 0; }
 
-    void drop_front(size_t n) {
-        CHECK_GE(size(), n);
-        begin_offset_ += n;
+    void clear() {
+        chain_length_ = 0;
+        begin_offset_ = 0;
+        end_offset_ = 0;
+        chain_.clear();
     }
 
-    void drop_end(size_t n) {
-        CHECK_GE(size(), n);
-        end_offset_ += n;
+    // Split the first |len| bytes out of this chain into its own.
+    IOVector take_front(size_type len) {
+        IOVector head;
+
+        if (len == 0) {
+            return head;
+        }
+        CHECK_GE(size(), len);
+
+        std::shared_ptr<const block_type> first_block = chain_.front();
+        CHECK_GE(first_block->size(), begin_offset_);
+        head.append_shared(std::move(first_block));
+        head.begin_offset_ = begin_offset_;
+
+        while (head.size() < len) {
+            pop_front_block();
+            CHECK(!chain_.empty());
+
+            head.append_shared(chain_.front());
+        }
+
+        if (head.size() == len) {
+            // Head takes full ownership of the last block it took.
+            head.end_offset_ = 0;
+            begin_offset_ = 0;
+            pop_front_block();
+        } else {
+            // Head takes partial ownership of the last block it took.
+            size_t bytes_taken = head.size() - len;
+            head.end_offset_ = bytes_taken;
+            CHECK_GE(chain_.front()->size(), bytes_taken);
+            begin_offset_ = chain_.front()->size() - bytes_taken;
+        }
+
+        return head;
     }
 
-    char* data() { return &data_[0] + begin_offset_; }
+    // Add a nonempty block to the chain.
+    // The end of the chain must be a complete block (i.e. end_offset_ == 0).
+    void append(std::unique_ptr<const block_type> block) {
+        CHECK_NE(0ULL, block->size());
+        CHECK_EQ(0ULL, end_offset_);
+        chain_length_ += block->size();
+        chain_.emplace_back(std::move(block));
+    }
 
-    apacket::payload_type::iterator begin() { return data_.begin() + begin_offset_; }
-    apacket::payload_type::iterator end() { return data_.end() - end_offset_; }
+    void append(block_type&& block) { append(std::make_unique<block_type>(std::move(block))); }
 
-    apacket::payload_type data_;
+    void trim_front() {
+        if (begin_offset_ == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const block_type* first_block = chain_.front().get();
+        auto copy = std::make_unique<block_type>(first_block->size() - begin_offset_);
+        memcpy(copy->data(), first_block->data() + begin_offset_, copy->size());
+        chain_.front() = std::move(copy);
+
+        chain_length_ -= begin_offset_;
+        begin_offset_ = 0;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // append, except takes a shared_ptr.
+    // Private to prevent exterior mutation of blocks.
+    void append_shared(std::shared_ptr<const block_type> block) {
+        CHECK_NE(0ULL, block->size());
+        CHECK_EQ(0ULL, end_offset_);
+        chain_length_ += block->size();
+        chain_.emplace_back(std::move(block));
+    }
+
+    // Drop the front block from the chain, and update chain_length_ appropriately.
+    void pop_front_block() {
+        chain_length_ -= chain_.front()->size();
+        begin_offset_ = 0;
+        chain_.pop_front();
+    }
+
+    // Iterate over the blocks with a callback with an operator()(const char*, size_t).
+    template <typename Fn>
+    void iterate_blocks(Fn&& callback) const {
+        if (chain_.size() == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < chain_.size(); ++i) {
+            const std::shared_ptr<const block_type>& block = chain_.at(i);
+            const char* begin = block->data();
+            size_t length = block->size();
+
+            // Note that both of these conditions can be true if there's only one block.
+            if (i == 0) {
+                CHECK_GE(block->size(), begin_offset_);
+                begin += begin_offset_;
+                length -= begin_offset_;
+            }
+
+            if (i == chain_.size() - 1) {
+                CHECK_GE(length, end_offset_);
+                length -= end_offset_;
+            }
+
+            callback(begin, length);
+        }
+    }
+
+  public:
+    // Copy all of the blocks into a single block.
+    template <typename CollectionType = block_type>
+    CollectionType coalesce() const {
+        CollectionType result;
+        if (size() == 0) {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        result.resize(size());
+
+        size_t offset = 0;
+        iterate_blocks([&offset, &result](const char* data, size_t len) {
+            memcpy(&result[offset], data, len);
+            offset += len;
+        });
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    template <typename FunctionType>
+    auto coalesced(FunctionType&& f) const ->
+        typename std::result_of<FunctionType(const char*, size_t)>::type {
+        if (chain_.size() == 1) {
+            // If we only have one block, we can use it directly.
+            return f(chain_.front()->data() + begin_offset_, size());
+        } else {
+            // Otherwise, copy to a single block.
+            auto data = coalesce();
+            return f(data.data(), data.size());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Get a list of iovecs that can be used to write out all of the blocks.
+    std::vector<adb_iovec> iovecs() const {
+        std::vector<adb_iovec> result;
+        iterate_blocks([&result](const char* data, size_t len) {
+            adb_iovec iov;
+            iov.iov_base = const_cast<char*>(data);
+            iov.iov_len = len;
+            result.emplace_back(iov);
+        });
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // Total length of all of the blocks in the chain.
+    size_t chain_length_ = 0;
+
     size_t begin_offset_ = 0;
     size_t end_offset_ = 0;
+    std::deque<std::shared_ptr<const block_type>> chain_;
 };
diff --git a/adb/types_test.cpp b/adb/types_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31ab90a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adb/types_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "sysdeps/memory.h"
+#include "types.h"
+
+static std::unique_ptr<IOVector::block_type> create_block(const std::string& string) {
+    return std::make_unique<IOVector::block_type>(string.begin(), string.end());
+}
+
+static std::unique_ptr<IOVector::block_type> create_block(char value, size_t len) {
+    auto block = std::make_unique<IOVector::block_type>();
+    block->resize(len);
+    memset(&(*block)[0], value, len);
+    return block;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+static std::unique_ptr<IOVector::block_type> copy_block(T&& block) {
+    auto copy = std::make_unique<IOVector::block_type>();
+    copy->assign(block->begin(), block->end());
+    return copy;
+}
+
+TEST(IOVector, empty) {
+    // Empty IOVector.
+    IOVector bc;
+    CHECK_EQ(0ULL, bc.coalesce().size());
+}
+
+TEST(IOVector, single_block) {
+    // A single block.
+    auto block = create_block('x', 100);
+    IOVector bc;
+    bc.append(copy_block(block));
+    ASSERT_EQ(100ULL, bc.size());
+    auto coalesced = bc.coalesce();
+    ASSERT_EQ(*block, coalesced);
+}
+
+TEST(IOVector, single_block_split) {
+    // One block split.
+    IOVector bc;
+    bc.append(create_block("foobar"));
+    IOVector foo = bc.take_front(3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(3ULL, foo.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(3ULL, bc.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("foo"), foo.coalesce());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("bar"), bc.coalesce());
+}
+
+TEST(IOVector, aligned_split) {
+    IOVector bc;
+    bc.append(create_block("foo"));
+    bc.append(create_block("bar"));
+    bc.append(create_block("baz"));
+    ASSERT_EQ(9ULL, bc.size());
+
+    IOVector foo = bc.take_front(3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(3ULL, foo.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("foo"), foo.coalesce());
+
+    IOVector bar = bc.take_front(3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(3ULL, bar.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("bar"), bar.coalesce());
+
+    IOVector baz = bc.take_front(3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(3ULL, baz.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("baz"), baz.coalesce());
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0ULL, bc.size());
+}
+
+TEST(IOVector, misaligned_split) {
+    IOVector bc;
+    bc.append(create_block("foo"));
+    bc.append(create_block("bar"));
+    bc.append(create_block("baz"));
+    bc.append(create_block("qux"));
+    bc.append(create_block("quux"));
+
+    // Aligned left, misaligned right, across multiple blocks.
+    IOVector foob = bc.take_front(4);
+    ASSERT_EQ(4ULL, foob.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("foob"), foob.coalesce());
+
+    // Misaligned left, misaligned right, in one block.
+    IOVector a = bc.take_front(1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1ULL, a.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("a"), a.coalesce());
+
+    // Misaligned left, misaligned right, across two blocks.
+    IOVector rba = bc.take_front(3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(3ULL, rba.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("rba"), rba.coalesce());
+
+    // Misaligned left, misaligned right, across three blocks.
+    IOVector zquxquu = bc.take_front(7);
+    ASSERT_EQ(7ULL, zquxquu.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("zquxquu"), zquxquu.coalesce());
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1ULL, bc.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(*create_block("x"), bc.coalesce());
+}
diff --git a/base/Android.bp b/base/Android.bp
index ec81f61..3d80d97 100644
--- a/base/Android.bp
+++ b/base/Android.bp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libbase_headers",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@
         "file.cpp",
         "logging.cpp",
         "parsenetaddress.cpp",
+        "properties.cpp",
         "quick_exit.cpp",
         "stringprintf.cpp",
         "strings.cpp",
@@ -57,9 +59,6 @@
     shared_libs: ["liblog"],
     target: {
         android: {
-            srcs: [
-                "properties.cpp",
-            ],
             sanitize: {
                 misc_undefined: ["integer"],
             },
@@ -94,6 +93,7 @@
     name: "libbase",
     defaults: ["libbase_defaults"],
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
     vndk: {
         enabled: true,
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@
         "parsedouble_test.cpp",
         "parseint_test.cpp",
         "parsenetaddress_test.cpp",
+        "properties_test.cpp",
         "quick_exit_test.cpp",
         "scopeguard_test.cpp",
         "stringprintf_test.cpp",
@@ -137,7 +138,6 @@
     ],
     target: {
         android: {
-            srcs: ["properties_test.cpp"],
             sanitize: {
                 misc_undefined: ["integer"],
             },
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/logging.h b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
index cc7aaf6..05a12e7 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/logging.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
@@ -100,8 +100,17 @@
                                        unsigned int, const char*)>;
 using AbortFunction = std::function<void(const char*)>;
 
+// Loggers for use with InitLogging/SetLogger.
+
+// Log to the kernel log (dmesg).
 void KernelLogger(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*, unsigned int, const char*);
+// Log to stderr in the full logcat format (with pid/tid/time/tag details).
 void StderrLogger(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*, unsigned int, const char*);
+// Log just the message to stdout/stderr (without pid/tid/time/tag details).
+// The choice of stdout versus stderr is based on the severity.
+// Errors are also prefixed by the program name (as with err(3)/error(3)).
+// Useful for replacing printf(3)/perror(3)/err(3)/error(3) in command-line tools.
+void StdioLogger(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*, unsigned int, const char*);
 
 void DefaultAborter(const char* abort_message);
 
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/properties.h b/base/include/android-base/properties.h
index 041586c..3a05143 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/properties.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/properties.h
@@ -19,10 +19,6 @@
 
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
-#if !defined(__BIONIC__)
-#error Only bionic supports system properties.
-#endif
-
 #include <chrono>
 #include <limits>
 #include <string>
@@ -62,14 +58,18 @@
 // Waits for the system property `key` to have the value `expected_value`.
 // Times out after `relative_timeout`.
 // Returns true on success, false on timeout.
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
 bool WaitForProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& expected_value,
                      std::chrono::milliseconds relative_timeout = std::chrono::milliseconds::max());
+#endif
 
 // Waits for the system property `key` to be created.
 // Times out after `relative_timeout`.
 // Returns true on success, false on timeout.
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
 bool WaitForPropertyCreation(const std::string& key, std::chrono::milliseconds relative_timeout =
                                                          std::chrono::milliseconds::max());
+#endif
 
 } // namespace base
 } // namespace android
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h b/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
index b95fa07..b29676f 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
@@ -58,21 +58,33 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TemporaryDir);
 };
 
-class CapturedStderr {
+class CapturedStdFd {
  public:
-  CapturedStderr();
-  ~CapturedStderr();
+  CapturedStdFd(int std_fd);
+  ~CapturedStdFd();
 
   int fd() const;
+  std::string str();
 
  private:
-  void init();
-  void reset();
+  void Init();
+  void Reset();
 
   TemporaryFile temp_file_;
-  int old_stderr_;
+  int std_fd_;
+  int old_fd_;
 
-  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CapturedStderr);
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CapturedStdFd);
+};
+
+class CapturedStderr : public CapturedStdFd {
+ public:
+  CapturedStderr() : CapturedStdFd(STDERR_FILENO) {}
+};
+
+class CapturedStdout : public CapturedStdFd {
+ public:
+  CapturedStdout() : CapturedStdFd(STDOUT_FILENO) {}
 };
 
 #define ASSERT_MATCH(str, pattern)                                             \
diff --git a/base/logging.cpp b/base/logging.cpp
index a33da22..35054ac 100644
--- a/base/logging.cpp
+++ b/base/logging.cpp
@@ -58,13 +58,15 @@
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/threads.h>
 
-namespace {
+namespace android {
+namespace base {
+
+// BSD-based systems like Android/macOS have getprogname(). Others need us to provide one.
+#if defined(__GLIBC__) || defined(_WIN32)
+static const char* getprogname() {
 #if defined(__GLIBC__)
-const char* getprogname() {
   return program_invocation_short_name;
-}
 #elif defined(_WIN32)
-const char* getprogname() {
   static bool first = true;
   static char progname[MAX_PATH] = {};
 
@@ -81,11 +83,28 @@
   }
 
   return progname;
+#endif
 }
 #endif
 
+static const char* GetFileBasename(const char* file) {
+  // We can't use basename(3) even on Unix because the Mac doesn't
+  // have a non-modifying basename.
+  const char* last_slash = strrchr(file, '/');
+  if (last_slash != nullptr) {
+    return last_slash + 1;
+  }
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  const char* last_backslash = strrchr(file, '\\');
+  if (last_backslash != nullptr) {
+    return last_backslash + 1;
+  }
+#endif
+  return file;
+}
+
 #if defined(__linux__)
-int OpenKmsg() {
+static int OpenKmsg() {
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
   // pick up 'file w /dev/kmsg' environment from daemon's init rc file
   const auto val = getenv("ANDROID_FILE__dev_kmsg");
@@ -100,10 +119,6 @@
   return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/kmsg", O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
 }
 #endif
-} // namespace
-
-namespace android {
-namespace base {
 
 static std::mutex& LoggingLock() {
   static auto& logging_lock = *new std::mutex();
@@ -212,6 +227,16 @@
           timestamp, getpid(), GetThreadId(), file, line, message);
 }
 
+void StdioLogger(LogId, LogSeverity severity, const char* /*tag*/, const char* /*file*/,
+                 unsigned int /*line*/, const char* message) {
+  if (severity >= WARNING) {
+    fflush(stdout);
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", GetFileBasename(getprogname()), message);
+  } else {
+    fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", message);
+  }
+}
+
 void DefaultAborter(const char* abort_message) {
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
   android_set_abort_message(abort_message);
@@ -326,22 +351,6 @@
   Aborter() = std::move(aborter);
 }
 
-static const char* GetFileBasename(const char* file) {
-  // We can't use basename(3) even on Unix because the Mac doesn't
-  // have a non-modifying basename.
-  const char* last_slash = strrchr(file, '/');
-  if (last_slash != nullptr) {
-    return last_slash + 1;
-  }
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-  const char* last_backslash = strrchr(file, '\\');
-  if (last_backslash != nullptr) {
-    return last_backslash + 1;
-  }
-#endif
-  return file;
-}
-
 // This indirection greatly reduces the stack impact of having lots of
 // checks/logging in a function.
 class LogMessageData {
diff --git a/base/logging_test.cpp b/base/logging_test.cpp
index 5f689fa..75b4ea0 100644
--- a/base/logging_test.cpp
+++ b/base/logging_test.cpp
@@ -206,11 +206,9 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-static void CheckMessage(const CapturedStderr& cap, android::base::LogSeverity severity,
+static void CheckMessage(CapturedStderr& cap, android::base::LogSeverity severity,
                          const char* expected, const char* expected_tag = nullptr) {
-  std::string output;
-  ASSERT_EQ(0, lseek(cap.fd(), 0, SEEK_SET));
-  android::base::ReadFdToString(cap.fd(), &output);
+  std::string output = cap.str();
 
   // We can't usefully check the output of any of these on Windows because we
   // don't have std::regex, but we can at least make sure we printed at least as
@@ -623,3 +621,23 @@
   }
   CheckMessage(cap, android::base::LogSeverity::INFO, expected_msg, expected_tag);
 }
+
+TEST(logging, StdioLogger) {
+  std::string err_str;
+  std::string out_str;
+  {
+    CapturedStderr cap_err;
+    CapturedStdout cap_out;
+    android::base::SetLogger(android::base::StdioLogger);
+    LOG(INFO) << "out";
+    LOG(ERROR) << "err";
+    err_str = cap_err.str();
+    out_str = cap_out.str();
+  }
+
+  // For INFO we expect just the literal "out\n".
+  ASSERT_EQ("out\n", out_str) << out_str;
+  // Whereas ERROR logging includes the program name.
+  ASSERT_EQ(android::base::Basename(android::base::GetExecutablePath()) + ": err\n", err_str)
+      << err_str;
+}
diff --git a/base/properties.cpp b/base/properties.cpp
index 6cf43f9..d5a5918 100644
--- a/base/properties.cpp
+++ b/base/properties.cpp
@@ -14,16 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#define _REALLY_INCLUDE_SYS__SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_H_
-
 #include "android-base/properties.h"
 
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
+#define _REALLY_INCLUDE_SYS__SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_H_
 #include <sys/system_properties.h>
 #include <sys/_system_properties.h>
+#endif
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <limits>
+#include <map>
 #include <string>
 
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
@@ -31,24 +33,6 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace base {
 
-std::string GetProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& default_value) {
-  const prop_info* pi = __system_property_find(key.c_str());
-  if (pi == nullptr) return default_value;
-
-  std::string property_value;
-  __system_property_read_callback(pi,
-                                  [](void* cookie, const char*, const char* value, unsigned) {
-                                    auto property_value = reinterpret_cast<std::string*>(cookie);
-                                    *property_value = value;
-                                  },
-                                  &property_value);
-
-  // If the property exists but is empty, also return the default value.
-  // Since we can't remove system properties, "empty" is traditionally
-  // the same as "missing" (this was true for cutils' property_get).
-  return property_value.empty() ? default_value : property_value;
-}
-
 bool GetBoolProperty(const std::string& key, bool default_value) {
   std::string value = GetProperty(key, "");
   if (value == "1" || value == "y" || value == "yes" || value == "on" || value == "true") {
@@ -85,10 +69,43 @@
 template uint32_t GetUintProperty(const std::string&, uint32_t, uint32_t);
 template uint64_t GetUintProperty(const std::string&, uint64_t, uint64_t);
 
+#if !defined(__BIONIC__)
+static std::map<std::string, std::string>& g_properties = *new std::map<std::string, std::string>;
+static int __system_property_set(const char* key, const char* value) {
+  g_properties[key] = value;
+  return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+std::string GetProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& default_value) {
+  std::string property_value;
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
+  const prop_info* pi = __system_property_find(key.c_str());
+  if (pi == nullptr) return default_value;
+
+  __system_property_read_callback(pi,
+                                  [](void* cookie, const char*, const char* value, unsigned) {
+                                    auto property_value = reinterpret_cast<std::string*>(cookie);
+                                    *property_value = value;
+                                  },
+                                  &property_value);
+#else
+  auto it = g_properties.find(key);
+  if (it == g_properties.end()) return default_value;
+  property_value = it->second;
+#endif
+  // If the property exists but is empty, also return the default value.
+  // Since we can't remove system properties, "empty" is traditionally
+  // the same as "missing" (this was true for cutils' property_get).
+  return property_value.empty() ? default_value : property_value;
+}
+
 bool SetProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value) {
   return (__system_property_set(key.c_str(), value.c_str()) == 0);
 }
 
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
+
 struct WaitForPropertyData {
   bool done;
   const std::string* expected_value;
@@ -175,5 +192,7 @@
   return (WaitForPropertyCreation(key, relative_timeout, start_time) != nullptr);
 }
 
+#endif
+
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/base/properties_test.cpp b/base/properties_test.cpp
index de5f3dc..e7d4880 100644
--- a/base/properties_test.cpp
+++ b/base/properties_test.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 
-using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+using namespace std::literals;
+#endif
 
 TEST(properties, smoke) {
   android::base::SetProperty("debug.libbase.property_test", "hello");
@@ -126,6 +128,7 @@
 TEST(properties, GetUintProperty_uint64_t) { CheckGetUintProperty<uint64_t>(); }
 
 TEST(properties, WaitForProperty) {
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
   std::atomic<bool> flag{false};
   std::thread thread([&]() {
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
@@ -138,9 +141,13 @@
   flag = true;
   ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WaitForProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForProperty_test", "b", 1s));
   thread.join();
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on the host.\n";
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST(properties, WaitForProperty_timeout) {
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
   auto t0 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
   ASSERT_FALSE(android::base::WaitForProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForProperty_timeout_test", "a",
                                               200ms));
@@ -149,9 +156,13 @@
   ASSERT_GE(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(t1 - t0), 200ms);
   // Upper bounds on timing are inherently flaky, but let's try...
   ASSERT_LT(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(t1 - t0), 600ms);
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on the host.\n";
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST(properties, WaitForProperty_MaxTimeout) {
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
   std::atomic<bool> flag{false};
   std::thread thread([&]() {
     android::base::SetProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForProperty_test", "a");
@@ -165,9 +176,13 @@
   // Test that this does not immediately return false due to overflow issues with the timeout.
   ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WaitForProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForProperty_test", "b"));
   thread.join();
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on the host.\n";
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST(properties, WaitForProperty_NegativeTimeout) {
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
   std::atomic<bool> flag{false};
   std::thread thread([&]() {
     android::base::SetProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForProperty_test", "a");
@@ -181,9 +196,13 @@
   // Assert that this immediately returns with a negative timeout
   ASSERT_FALSE(android::base::WaitForProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForProperty_test", "b", -100ms));
   thread.join();
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on the host.\n";
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST(properties, WaitForPropertyCreation) {
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
   std::thread thread([&]() {
     std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
     android::base::SetProperty("debug.libbase.WaitForPropertyCreation_test", "a");
@@ -192,9 +211,13 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WaitForPropertyCreation(
           "debug.libbase.WaitForPropertyCreation_test", 1s));
   thread.join();
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on the host.\n";
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST(properties, WaitForPropertyCreation_timeout) {
+#if defined(__BIONIC__)
   auto t0 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
   ASSERT_FALSE(android::base::WaitForPropertyCreation(
           "debug.libbase.WaitForPropertyCreation_timeout_test", 200ms));
@@ -203,4 +226,7 @@
   ASSERT_GE(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(t1 - t0), 200ms);
   // Upper bounds on timing are inherently flaky, but let's try...
   ASSERT_LT(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(t1 - t0), 600ms);
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on the host.\n";
+#endif
 }
diff --git a/base/test_utils.cpp b/base/test_utils.cpp
index 1619c21..5096369 100644
--- a/base/test_utils.cpp
+++ b/base/test_utils.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "android-base/logging.h"
 #include "android-base/test_utils.h"
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
@@ -33,6 +32,9 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 int mkstemp(char* template_name) {
   if (_mktemp(template_name) == nullptr) {
@@ -123,31 +125,38 @@
   return (mkdtemp(path) != nullptr);
 }
 
-CapturedStderr::CapturedStderr() : old_stderr_(-1) {
-  init();
+CapturedStdFd::CapturedStdFd(int std_fd) : std_fd_(std_fd), old_fd_(-1) {
+  Init();
 }
 
-CapturedStderr::~CapturedStderr() {
-  reset();
+CapturedStdFd::~CapturedStdFd() {
+  Reset();
 }
 
-int CapturedStderr::fd() const {
+int CapturedStdFd::fd() const {
   return temp_file_.fd;
 }
 
-void CapturedStderr::init() {
+std::string CapturedStdFd::str() {
+  std::string result;
+  CHECK_EQ(0, TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(lseek(fd(), 0, SEEK_SET)));
+  android::base::ReadFdToString(fd(), &result);
+  return result;
+}
+
+void CapturedStdFd::Init() {
 #if defined(_WIN32)
   // On Windows, stderr is often buffered, so make sure it is unbuffered so
   // that we can immediately read back what was written to stderr.
-  CHECK_EQ(0, setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, 0));
+  if (std_fd_ == STDERR_FILENO) CHECK_EQ(0, setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, 0));
 #endif
-  old_stderr_ = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
-  CHECK_NE(-1, old_stderr_);
-  CHECK_NE(-1, dup2(fd(), STDERR_FILENO));
+  old_fd_ = dup(std_fd_);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, old_fd_);
+  CHECK_NE(-1, dup2(fd(), std_fd_));
 }
 
-void CapturedStderr::reset() {
-  CHECK_NE(-1, dup2(old_stderr_, STDERR_FILENO));
-  CHECK_EQ(0, close(old_stderr_));
+void CapturedStdFd::Reset() {
+  CHECK_NE(-1, dup2(old_fd_, std_fd_));
+  CHECK_EQ(0, close(old_fd_));
   // Note: cannot restore prior setvbuf() setting.
 }
diff --git a/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh b/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh
index 01b8948..8ed92a6 100755
--- a/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh
+++ b/bootstat/boot_reason_test.sh
@@ -445,6 +445,10 @@
     *hw_reset* )                            var="hard,hw_reset" ;;
     *usb* )                                 var="cold,charger" ;;
     *rtc* )                                 var="cold,rtc" ;;
+    *2sec_reboot* )                         var="cold,rtc,2sec" ;;
+    *wdt_by_pass_pwk* )                     var="warm" ;;
+    wdt )                                   var="reboot" ;;
+    *tool_by_pass_pwk* )                    var="reboot,tool" ;;
     *bootloader* )                          var="bootloader" ;;
     * )                                     var="reboot" ;;
   esac
diff --git a/bootstat/bootstat.cpp b/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
index 1b13b21..d5fb047 100644
--- a/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
+++ b/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
     {"cold", 56},
     {"hard", 57},
     {"warm", 58},
-    // {"recovery", 59},  // Duplicate of enum 3 above. Immediate reuse possible.
+    {"reboot,kernel_power_off_charging__reboot_system", 59},  // Can not happen
     {"thermal-shutdown", 60},
     {"shutdown,thermal", 61},
     {"shutdown,battery", 62},
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
     {"2sec_reboot", 83},
     {"reboot,by_key", 84},
     {"reboot,longkey", 85},
-    {"reboot,2sec", 86},
+    {"reboot,2sec", 86},  // Deprecate in two years, replaced with cold,rtc,2sec
     {"shutdown,thermal,battery", 87},
     {"reboot,its_just_so_hard", 88},  // produced by boot_reason_test
     {"reboot,Its Just So Hard", 89},  // produced by boot_reason_test
@@ -306,6 +306,10 @@
     {"kernel_panic,sysrq,livelock,alarm", 161},   // llkd
     {"kernel_panic,sysrq,livelock,driver", 162},  // llkd
     {"kernel_panic,sysrq,livelock,zombie", 163},  // llkd
+    {"kernel_panic,modem", 164},
+    {"kernel_panic,adsp", 165},
+    {"kernel_panic,dsps", 166},
+    {"kernel_panic,wcnss", 167},
 };
 
 // Converts a string value representing the reason the system booted to an
@@ -702,6 +706,10 @@
         {"Corrupt kernel stack", "stack"},
         {"low stack detected", "stack"},
         {"corrupted stack end", "stack"},
+        {"subsys-restart: Resetting the SoC - modem crashed.", "modem"},
+        {"subsys-restart: Resetting the SoC - adsp crashed.", "adsp"},
+        {"subsys-restart: Resetting the SoC - dsps crashed.", "dsps"},
+        {"subsys-restart: Resetting the SoC - wcnss crashed.", "wcnss"},
     };
 
     ret = "kernel_panic";
@@ -782,7 +790,10 @@
         {"hard,hw_reset", "hw_reset"},
         {"cold,charger", "usb"},
         {"cold,rtc", "rtc"},
-        {"reboot,2sec", "2sec_reboot"},
+        {"cold,rtc,2sec", "2sec_reboot"},
+        {"!warm", "wdt_by_pass_pwk"},  // change flavour of blunt
+        {"!reboot", "^wdt$"},          // change flavour of blunt
+        {"reboot,tool", "tool_by_pass_pwk"},
         {"bootloader", ""},
     };
 
@@ -842,6 +853,10 @@
             ret = "reboot," + subReason;  // legitimize unknown reasons
           }
         }
+        // Some bootloaders shutdown results record in last kernel message.
+        if (!strcmp(ret.c_str(), "reboot,kernel_power_off_charging__reboot_system")) {
+          ret = "shutdown";
+        }
       }
 
       // Check for kernel panics, allowed to override reboot command.
@@ -1114,6 +1129,13 @@
   return android::base::boot_clock::now().time_since_epoch() - GetBootTimeOffset();
 }
 
+void SetSystemBootReason() {
+  const std::string bootloader_boot_reason(GetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property));
+  const std::string system_boot_reason(BootReasonStrToReason(bootloader_boot_reason));
+  // Record the scrubbed system_boot_reason to the property
+  SetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property, system_boot_reason);
+}
+
 // Records several metrics related to the time it takes to boot the device,
 // including disambiguating boot time on encrypted or non-encrypted devices.
 void RecordBootComplete() {
@@ -1193,12 +1215,10 @@
   boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("boot_reason", boot_reason);
 
   // Log the scrubbed system_boot_reason.
-  const std::string system_reason(BootReasonStrToReason(reason));
+  const std::string system_reason(GetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property));
   int32_t system_boot_reason = BootReasonStrToEnum(system_reason);
   boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("system_boot_reason", system_boot_reason);
 
-  // Record the scrubbed system_boot_reason to the property
-  SetProperty(system_reboot_reason_property, system_reason);
   if (reason == "") {
     SetProperty(bootloader_reboot_reason_property, system_reason);
   }
@@ -1264,20 +1284,22 @@
 
   int option_index = 0;
   static const char value_str[] = "value";
+  static const char system_boot_reason_str[] = "set_system_boot_reason";
   static const char boot_complete_str[] = "record_boot_complete";
   static const char boot_reason_str[] = "record_boot_reason";
   static const char factory_reset_str[] = "record_time_since_factory_reset";
   static const struct option long_options[] = {
       // clang-format off
-      { "help",            no_argument,       NULL,   'h' },
-      { "log",             no_argument,       NULL,   'l' },
-      { "print",           no_argument,       NULL,   'p' },
-      { "record",          required_argument, NULL,   'r' },
-      { value_str,         required_argument, NULL,   0 },
-      { boot_complete_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
-      { boot_reason_str,   no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
-      { factory_reset_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
-      { NULL,              0,                 NULL,   0 }
+      { "help",                 no_argument,       NULL,   'h' },
+      { "log",                  no_argument,       NULL,   'l' },
+      { "print",                no_argument,       NULL,   'p' },
+      { "record",               required_argument, NULL,   'r' },
+      { value_str,              required_argument, NULL,   0 },
+      { system_boot_reason_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { boot_complete_str,      no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { boot_reason_str,        no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { factory_reset_str,      no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
+      { NULL,                   0,                 NULL,   0 }
       // clang-format on
   };
 
@@ -1293,6 +1315,8 @@
           // |optarg| is an external variable set by getopt representing
           // the option argument.
           value = optarg;
+        } else if (option_name == system_boot_reason_str) {
+          SetSystemBootReason();
         } else if (option_name == boot_complete_str) {
           RecordBootComplete();
         } else if (option_name == boot_reason_str) {
diff --git a/bootstat/bootstat.rc b/bootstat/bootstat.rc
index f06a38f..1300a27 100644
--- a/bootstat/bootstat.rc
+++ b/bootstat/bootstat.rc
@@ -68,8 +68,9 @@
 
 # Record boot complete metrics.
 on property:sys.boot_completed=1 && property:sys.logbootcomplete=1
+    # Converts bootloader boot reason to system boot reason
     # Record boot_complete and related stats (decryption, etc).
     # Record the boot reason.
     # Record time since factory reset.
     # Log all boot events.
-    exec_background - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --record_boot_complete --record_boot_reason --record_time_since_factory_reset -l
+    exec_background - system log -- /system/bin/bootstat --set_system_boot_reason --record_boot_complete --record_boot_reason --record_time_since_factory_reset -l
diff --git a/debuggerd/Android.bp b/debuggerd/Android.bp
index 7c28b28..0b13662 100644
--- a/debuggerd/Android.bp
+++ b/debuggerd/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libdebuggerd_common_headers",
     export_include_dirs: ["common/include"],
+    recovery_available: true,
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libdebuggerd_handler_core",
     defaults: ["debuggerd_defaults"],
+    recovery_available: true,
     srcs: ["handler/debuggerd_handler.cpp"],
 
     header_libs: [
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libdebuggerd_handler",
     defaults: ["debuggerd_defaults"],
+    recovery_available: true,
     srcs: ["handler/debuggerd_fallback_nop.cpp"],
 
     whole_static_libs: [
@@ -143,6 +146,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libdebuggerd",
     defaults: ["debuggerd_defaults"],
+    recovery_available: true,
 
     srcs: [
         "libdebuggerd/backtrace.cpp",
diff --git a/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp b/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp
index 4b32b9d..f31337d 100644
--- a/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/crasher/crasher.cpp
@@ -197,6 +197,7 @@
     fprintf(stderr, "  LOG-FATAL             call libbase LOG(FATAL)\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  SIGFPE                cause a SIGFPE\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "  SIGILL                cause a SIGILL\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  SIGSEGV               cause a SIGSEGV at address 0x0 (synonym: crash)\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  SIGSEGV-non-null      cause a SIGSEGV at a non-zero address\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "  SIGSEGV-unmapped      mmap/munmap a region of memory and then attempt to access it\n");
@@ -268,6 +269,16 @@
     } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "SIGFPE")) {
         raise(SIGFPE);
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "SIGILL")) {
+#if defined(__aarch64__)
+      __asm__ volatile(".word 0\n");
+#elif defined(__arm__)
+      __asm__ volatile(".word 0xe7f0def0\n");
+#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+      __asm__ volatile("ud2\n");
+#else
+#error
+#endif
     } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "SIGTRAP")) {
         raise(SIGTRAP);
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
diff --git a/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp b/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp
index 9b64be7..dfb7a6a 100644
--- a/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp
@@ -80,8 +80,13 @@
     return value;                                                  \
   }()
 
+// Backtrace frame dump could contain:
+//   #01 pc 0001cded  /data/tmp/debuggerd_test32 (raise_debugger_signal+80)
+// or
+//   #01 pc 00022a09  /data/tmp/debuggerd_test32 (offset 0x12000) (raise_debugger_signal+80)
 #define ASSERT_BACKTRACE_FRAME(result, frame_name) \
-  ASSERT_MATCH(result, R"(#\d\d pc [0-9a-f]+\s+ \S+ \()" frame_name R"(\+)");
+  ASSERT_MATCH(result,                             \
+               R"(#\d\d pc [0-9a-f]+\s+ \S+ (\(offset 0x[0-9a-f]+\) )?\()" frame_name R"(\+)");
 
 static void tombstoned_intercept(pid_t target_pid, unique_fd* intercept_fd, unique_fd* output_fd,
                                  InterceptStatus* status, DebuggerdDumpType intercept_type) {
diff --git a/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_fallback.cpp b/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_fallback.cpp
index dea2e17..079a574 100644
--- a/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_fallback.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_fallback.cpp
@@ -304,7 +304,16 @@
 
   crash_mutex.lock();
   if (lock_count++ > 0) {
-    async_safe_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, "libc", "recursed signal handler call, exiting");
+    async_safe_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, "libc", "recursed signal handler call, aborting");
+    signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL);
+    raise(SIGABRT);
+    sigset_t sigset;
+    sigemptyset(&sigset);
+    sigaddset(&sigset, SIGABRT);
+    sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &sigset, nullptr);
+
+    // Just in case...
+    async_safe_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, "libc", "abort didn't exit, exiting");
     _exit(1);
   }
 
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
index e11be1e..433bb46 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
@@ -102,10 +102,17 @@
   if (!cause.empty()) _LOG(log, logtype::HEADER, "Cause: %s\n", cause.c_str());
 }
 
-static void dump_signal_info(log_t* log, const ThreadInfo& thread_info) {
-  char addr_desc[32]; // ", fault addr 0x1234"
+static void dump_signal_info(log_t* log, const ThreadInfo& thread_info, Memory* process_memory) {
+  char addr_desc[64];  // ", fault addr 0x1234"
   if (signal_has_si_addr(thread_info.siginfo)) {
-    snprintf(addr_desc, sizeof(addr_desc), "%p", thread_info.siginfo->si_addr);
+    void* addr = thread_info.siginfo->si_addr;
+    if (thread_info.siginfo->si_signo == SIGILL) {
+      uint32_t instruction = {};
+      process_memory->Read(reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(addr), &instruction, sizeof(instruction));
+      snprintf(addr_desc, sizeof(addr_desc), "%p (*pc=%#08x)", addr, instruction);
+    } else {
+      snprintf(addr_desc, sizeof(addr_desc), "%p", addr);
+    }
   } else {
     snprintf(addr_desc, sizeof(addr_desc), "--------");
   }
@@ -418,7 +425,7 @@
   dump_thread_info(log, thread_info);
 
   if (thread_info.siginfo) {
-    dump_signal_info(log, thread_info);
+    dump_signal_info(log, thread_info, process_memory);
   }
 
   if (primary_thread) {
diff --git a/demangle/Android.bp b/demangle/Android.bp
index cf6abfd..fd79cf8 100644
--- a/demangle/Android.bp
+++ b/demangle/Android.bp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
     name: "libdemangle",
     defaults: ["libdemangle_defaults"],
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
 
     srcs: [
         "Demangler.cpp",
diff --git a/diagnose_usb/Android.bp b/diagnose_usb/Android.bp
index a7ecf37..6bee28c 100644
--- a/diagnose_usb/Android.bp
+++ b/diagnose_usb/Android.bp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
     name: "libdiagnose_usb",
     cflags: ["-Wall", "-Wextra", "-Werror"],
     host_supported: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     target: {
         windows: {
             enabled: true,
diff --git a/fastboot/fastboot.cpp b/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
index 9463cc9..5aa87d9 100644
--- a/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
@@ -316,7 +316,8 @@
 static int show_help() {
     // clang-format off
     fprintf(stdout,
-/*           1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456 */
+//                    1         2         3         4         5         6         7         8
+//           12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
             "usage: fastboot [OPTION...] COMMAND...\n"
             "\n"
             "flashing:\n"
@@ -324,8 +325,8 @@
             " flashall                   Flash all partitions from $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT.\n"
             "                            On A/B devices, flashed slot is set as active.\n"
             "                            Secondary images may be flashed to inactive slot.\n"
-            " flash PARTITION [FILENAME]\n"
-            "                            Flash given partition only.\n"
+            " flash PARTITION [FILENAME] Flash given partition, using the image from\n"
+            "                            $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT if no filename is given.\n"
             "\n"
             "basics:\n"
             " devices [-l]               List devices in bootloader (-l: with device paths).\n"
@@ -507,7 +508,8 @@
 static std::string make_temporary_directory() {
     std::string result(make_temporary_template());
     if (mkdtemp(&result[0]) == nullptr) {
-        die("unable to create temporary directory: %s", strerror(errno));
+        die("unable to create temporary directory with template %s: %s",
+            result.c_str(), strerror(errno));
     }
     return result;
 }
@@ -516,7 +518,8 @@
     std::string path_template(make_temporary_template());
     int fd = mkstemp(&path_template[0]);
     if (fd == -1) {
-        die("failed to create temporary file for %s: %s\n", what, strerror(errno));
+        die("failed to create temporary file for %s with template %s: %s\n",
+            path_template.c_str(), what, strerror(errno));
     }
     unlink(path_template.c_str());
     return fd;
diff --git a/fs_mgr/Android.bp b/fs_mgr/Android.bp
index f23150d..bc3b04b 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/Android.bp
+++ b/fs_mgr/Android.bp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libfs_mgr",
     defaults: ["fs_mgr_defaults"],
+    recovery_available: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     include_dirs: ["system/vold"],
     srcs: [
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
         "fs_mgr_verity.cpp",
         "fs_mgr_avb.cpp",
         "fs_mgr_avb_ops.cpp",
+        "fs_mgr_dm_linear.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libfec",
@@ -78,6 +80,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libfstab",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     defaults: ["fs_mgr_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "fs_mgr_fstab.cpp",
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.cpp
index e9040df..6e9ffba 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.cpp
@@ -794,6 +794,29 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool fs_mgr_update_logical_partition(struct fstab_rec* rec) {
+    // Logical partitions are specified with a named partition rather than a
+    // block device, so if the block device is a path, then it has already
+    // been updated.
+    if (rec->blk_device[0] == '/') {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    android::base::unique_fd dm_fd(open("/dev/device-mapper", O_RDONLY));
+    if (dm_fd < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "open /dev/device-mapper failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    struct dm_ioctl io;
+    std::string device_name;
+    if (!fs_mgr_dm_get_device_name(&io, rec->blk_device, dm_fd, &device_name)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    free(rec->blk_device);
+    rec->blk_device = strdup(device_name.c_str());
+    return true;
+}
+
 /* When multiple fstab records share the same mount_point, it will
  * try to mount each one in turn, and ignore any duplicates after a
  * first successful mount.
@@ -845,6 +868,13 @@
             }
         }
 
+        if ((fstab->recs[i].fs_mgr_flags & MF_LOGICAL)) {
+            if (!fs_mgr_update_logical_partition(&fstab->recs[i])) {
+                LERROR << "Could not set up logical partition, skipping!";
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
         if (fstab->recs[i].fs_mgr_flags & MF_WAIT &&
             !fs_mgr_wait_for_file(fstab->recs[i].blk_device, 20s)) {
             LERROR << "Skipping '" << fstab->recs[i].blk_device << "' during mount_all";
@@ -1065,6 +1095,13 @@
             return FS_MGR_DOMNT_FAILED;
         }
 
+        if ((fstab->recs[i].fs_mgr_flags & MF_LOGICAL)) {
+            if (!fs_mgr_update_logical_partition(&fstab->recs[i])) {
+                LERROR << "Could not set up logical partition, skipping!";
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
         /* First check the filesystem if requested */
         if (fstab->recs[i].fs_mgr_flags & MF_WAIT && !fs_mgr_wait_for_file(n_blk_device, 20s)) {
             LERROR << "Skipping mounting '" << n_blk_device << "'";
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_avb.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_avb.cpp
index cf6b497..5a9cb65 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_avb.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_avb.cpp
@@ -585,7 +585,13 @@
 
     // Derives partition_name from blk_device to query the corresponding AVB HASHTREE descriptor
     // to setup dm-verity. The partition_names in AVB descriptors are without A/B suffix.
-    std::string partition_name(basename(fstab_entry->blk_device));
+    std::string partition_name;
+    if (fstab_entry->fs_mgr_flags & MF_LOGICAL) {
+        partition_name = fstab_entry->logical_partition_name;
+    } else {
+        partition_name = basename(fstab_entry->blk_device);
+    }
+
     if (fstab_entry->fs_mgr_flags & MF_SLOTSELECT) {
         auto ab_suffix = partition_name.rfind(fs_mgr_get_slot_suffix());
         if (ab_suffix != std::string::npos) {
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_dm_linear.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_dm_linear.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2f3a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_dm_linear.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy,
+ * modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+ * of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
+ * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "fs_mgr_dm_linear.h"
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <linux/dm-ioctl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+
+#include "fs_mgr_priv.h"
+#include "fs_mgr_priv_dm_ioctl.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace fs_mgr {
+
+std::string LogicalPartitionExtent::Serialize() const {
+    // Note: we need to include an explicit null-terminator.
+    std::string argv =
+        android::base::StringPrintf("%s %" PRIu64, block_device_.c_str(), first_sector_);
+    argv.push_back(0);
+
+    // The kernel expects each target to be aligned.
+    size_t spec_bytes = sizeof(struct dm_target_spec) + argv.size();
+    size_t padding = ((spec_bytes + 7) & ~7) - spec_bytes;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < padding; i++) {
+        argv.push_back(0);
+    }
+
+    struct dm_target_spec spec;
+    spec.sector_start = logical_sector_;
+    spec.length = num_sectors_;
+    spec.status = 0;
+    strcpy(spec.target_type, "linear");
+    spec.next = sizeof(struct dm_target_spec) + argv.size();
+
+    return std::string((char*)&spec, sizeof(spec)) + argv;
+}
+
+static bool LoadDmTable(int dm_fd, const LogicalPartition& partition) {
+    // Combine all dm_target_spec buffers together.
+    std::string target_string;
+    for (const auto& extent : partition.extents) {
+        target_string += extent.Serialize();
+    }
+
+    // Allocate the ioctl buffer.
+    size_t buffer_size = sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + target_string.size();
+    std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> buffer = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(buffer_size);
+
+    // Initialize the ioctl buffer header, then copy our target specs in.
+    struct dm_ioctl* io = reinterpret_cast<struct dm_ioctl*>(buffer.get());
+    fs_mgr_dm_ioctl_init(io, buffer_size, partition.name);
+    io->target_count = partition.extents.size();
+    if (partition.attributes & kPartitionReadonly) {
+        io->flags |= DM_READONLY_FLAG;
+    }
+    memcpy(io + 1, target_string.c_str(), target_string.size());
+
+    if (ioctl(dm_fd, DM_TABLE_LOAD, io)) {
+        PERROR << "Failed ioctl() on DM_TABLE_LOAD, partition " << partition.name;
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool LoadTablesAndActivate(int dm_fd, const LogicalPartition& partition) {
+    if (!LoadDmTable(dm_fd, partition)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    struct dm_ioctl io;
+    return fs_mgr_dm_resume_table(&io, partition.name, dm_fd);
+}
+
+static bool CreateDmDeviceForPartition(int dm_fd, const LogicalPartition& partition) {
+    struct dm_ioctl io;
+    if (!fs_mgr_dm_create_device(&io, partition.name, dm_fd)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!LoadTablesAndActivate(dm_fd, partition)) {
+        // Remove the device rather than leave it in an inactive state.
+        fs_mgr_dm_destroy_device(&io, partition.name, dm_fd);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    LINFO << "Created device-mapper device: " << partition.name;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool CreateLogicalPartitions(const LogicalPartitionTable& table) {
+    android::base::unique_fd dm_fd(open("/dev/device-mapper", O_RDWR));
+    if (dm_fd < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to open /dev/device-mapper";
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const auto& partition : table.partitions) {
+        if (!CreateDmDeviceForPartition(dm_fd, partition)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "could not create dm-linear device for partition: " << partition.name;
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<LogicalPartitionTable> LoadPartitionsFromDeviceTree() {
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+}  // namespace fs_mgr
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp
index 3fbef9f..af4d6c1 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_fstab.cpp
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@
     {"logicalblk=", MF_LOGICALBLKSIZE},
     {"sysfs_path=", MF_SYSFS},
     {"defaults", 0},
+    {"logical", MF_LOGICAL},
     {0, 0},
 };
 
@@ -445,10 +446,6 @@
             LERROR << "dt_fstab: Failed to find device for partition " << dp->d_name;
             return {};
         }
-        if (!StartsWith(value, "/dev")) {
-            LERROR << "dt_fstab: Invalid device node for partition " << dp->d_name;
-            return {};
-        }
         fstab_entry.push_back(value);
 
         std::string mount_point;
@@ -631,6 +628,10 @@
         fstab->recs[cnt].erase_blk_size = flag_vals.erase_blk_size;
         fstab->recs[cnt].logical_blk_size = flag_vals.logical_blk_size;
         fstab->recs[cnt].sysfs_path = flag_vals.sysfs_path;
+        if (fstab->recs[cnt].fs_mgr_flags & MF_LOGICAL) {
+            fstab->recs[cnt].logical_partition_name = strdup(fstab->recs[cnt].blk_device);
+        }
+
         cnt++;
     }
     /* If an A/B partition, modify block device to be the real block device */
@@ -685,6 +686,49 @@
     return a;
 }
 
+/* Extracts <device>s from the by-name symlinks specified in a fstab:
+ *   /dev/block/<type>/<device>/by-name/<partition>
+ *
+ * <type> can be: platform, pci or vbd.
+ *
+ * For example, given the following entries in the input fstab:
+ *   /dev/block/platform/soc/1da4000.ufshc/by-name/system
+ *   /dev/block/pci/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/by-name/vendor
+ * it returns a set { "soc/1da4000.ufshc", "soc.0/f9824900.sdhci" }.
+ */
+static std::set<std::string> extract_boot_devices(const fstab& fstab) {
+    std::set<std::string> boot_devices;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < fstab.num_entries; i++) {
+        std::string blk_device(fstab.recs[i].blk_device);
+        // Skips blk_device that doesn't conform to the format.
+        if (!android::base::StartsWith(blk_device, "/dev/block") ||
+            android::base::StartsWith(blk_device, "/dev/block/by-name") ||
+            android::base::StartsWith(blk_device, "/dev/block/bootdevice/by-name")) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Skips non-by_name blk_device.
+        // /dev/block/<type>/<device>/by-name/<partition>
+        //                           ^ slash_by_name
+        auto slash_by_name = blk_device.find("/by-name");
+        if (slash_by_name == std::string::npos) continue;
+        blk_device.erase(slash_by_name);  // erases /by-name/<partition>
+
+        // Erases /dev/block/, now we have <type>/<device>
+        blk_device.erase(0, std::string("/dev/block/").size());
+
+        // <type>/<device>
+        //       ^ first_slash
+        auto first_slash = blk_device.find('/');
+        if (first_slash == std::string::npos) continue;
+
+        auto boot_device = blk_device.substr(first_slash + 1);
+        if (!boot_device.empty()) boot_devices.insert(std::move(boot_device));
+    }
+
+    return boot_devices;
+}
+
 struct fstab *fs_mgr_read_fstab(const char *fstab_path)
 {
     FILE *fstab_file;
@@ -797,6 +841,7 @@
     for (i = 0; i < fstab->num_entries; i++) {
         /* Free the pointers return by strdup(3) */
         free(fstab->recs[i].blk_device);
+        free(fstab->recs[i].logical_partition_name);
         free(fstab->recs[i].mount_point);
         free(fstab->recs[i].fs_type);
         free(fstab->recs[i].fs_options);
@@ -861,6 +906,23 @@
     return nullptr;
 }
 
+std::set<std::string> fs_mgr_get_boot_devices() {
+    // boot_devices can be specified in device tree.
+    std::string dt_value;
+    std::string file_name = get_android_dt_dir() + "/boot_devices";
+    if (read_dt_file(file_name, &dt_value)) {
+        auto boot_devices = android::base::Split(dt_value, ",");
+        return std::set<std::string>(boot_devices.begin(), boot_devices.end());
+    }
+
+    // Fallback to extract boot devices from fstab.
+    std::unique_ptr<fstab, decltype(&fs_mgr_free_fstab)> fstab(fs_mgr_read_fstab_default(),
+                                                               fs_mgr_free_fstab);
+    if (fstab) return extract_boot_devices(*fstab);
+
+    return {};
+}
+
 int fs_mgr_is_voldmanaged(const struct fstab_rec *fstab)
 {
     return fstab->fs_mgr_flags & MF_VOLDMANAGED;
@@ -944,3 +1006,7 @@
 {
     return fstab->fs_mgr_flags & MF_SYSFS;
 }
+
+int fs_mgr_is_logical(const struct fstab_rec* fstab) {
+    return fstab->fs_mgr_flags & MF_LOGICAL;
+}
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_priv.h b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_priv.h
index ade0cc4..afd7227 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_priv.h
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_priv.h
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
  *
  */
 
+// clang-format off
 #define MF_WAIT                  0x1
 #define MF_CHECK                 0x2
 #define MF_CRYPT                 0x4
@@ -111,6 +112,8 @@
 #define MF_AVB             0X2000000
 #define MF_KEYDIRECTORY    0X4000000
 #define MF_SYSFS           0X8000000
+#define MF_LOGICAL        0x10000000
+// clang-format on
 
 #define DM_BUF_SIZE 4096
 
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp
index 0a113b4..3b01d0e 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_slotselect.cpp
@@ -36,19 +36,30 @@
     std::string ab_suffix;
 
     for (n = 0; n < fstab->num_entries; n++) {
-        if (fstab->recs[n].fs_mgr_flags & MF_SLOTSELECT) {
-            char *tmp;
+        fstab_rec& record = fstab->recs[n];
+        if (record.fs_mgr_flags & MF_SLOTSELECT) {
             if (ab_suffix.empty()) {
                 ab_suffix = fs_mgr_get_slot_suffix();
                 // Return false if failed to get ab_suffix when MF_SLOTSELECT is specified.
                 if (ab_suffix.empty()) return false;
             }
-            if (asprintf(&tmp, "%s%s", fstab->recs[n].blk_device, ab_suffix.c_str()) > 0) {
-                free(fstab->recs[n].blk_device);
-                fstab->recs[n].blk_device = tmp;
-            } else {
+
+            char* new_blk_device;
+            if (asprintf(&new_blk_device, "%s%s", record.blk_device, ab_suffix.c_str()) <= 0) {
                 return false;
             }
+            free(record.blk_device);
+            record.blk_device = new_blk_device;
+
+            char* new_partition_name;
+            if (record.logical_partition_name) {
+                if (asprintf(&new_partition_name, "%s%s", record.logical_partition_name,
+                             ab_suffix.c_str()) <= 0) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                free(record.logical_partition_name);
+                record.logical_partition_name = new_partition_name;
+            }
         }
     }
     return true;
diff --git a/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr.h b/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr.h
index 653d8fa..72f019e 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr.h
+++ b/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr.h
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
 bool fs_mgr_load_verity_state(int* mode);
 bool fs_mgr_update_verity_state(fs_mgr_verity_state_callback callback);
 int fs_mgr_swapon_all(struct fstab *fstab);
+bool fs_mgr_update_logical_partition(struct fstab_rec* rec);
 
 int fs_mgr_do_format(struct fstab_rec *fstab, bool reserve_footer);
 
diff --git a/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr_dm_linear.h b/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr_dm_linear.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f928e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs_mgr/include/fs_mgr_dm_linear.h
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy,
+ * modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+ * of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
+ * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __CORE_FS_MGR_DM_LINEAR_H
+#define __CORE_FS_MGR_DM_LINEAR_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace fs_mgr {
+
+static const uint32_t kPartitionReadonly = 0x1;
+
+class LogicalPartitionExtent {
+  public:
+    LogicalPartitionExtent() : logical_sector_(0), first_sector_(0), num_sectors_(0) {}
+    LogicalPartitionExtent(uint64_t logical_sector, uint64_t first_sector, uint64_t num_sectors,
+                           const std::string& block_device)
+        : logical_sector_(logical_sector),
+          first_sector_(first_sector),
+          num_sectors_(num_sectors),
+          block_device_(block_device) {}
+
+    // Return a string containing the dm_target_spec buffer needed to use this
+    // extent in a device-mapper table.
+    std::string Serialize() const;
+
+    const std::string& block_device() const { return block_device_; }
+
+  private:
+    // Logical sector this extent represents in the presented block device.
+    // This is equal to the previous extent's logical sector plus the number
+    // of sectors in that extent. The first extent always starts at 0.
+    uint64_t logical_sector_;
+    // First 512-byte sector of this extent, on the source block device.
+    uint64_t first_sector_;
+    // Number of 512-byte sectors.
+    uint64_t num_sectors_;
+    // Target block device.
+    std::string block_device_;
+};
+
+struct LogicalPartition {
+    LogicalPartition() : attributes(0), num_sectors(0) {}
+
+    std::string name;
+    uint32_t attributes;
+    // Number of 512-byte sectors total.
+    uint64_t num_sectors;
+    // List of extents.
+    std::vector<LogicalPartitionExtent> extents;
+};
+
+struct LogicalPartitionTable {
+    // List of partitions in the partition table.
+    std::vector<LogicalPartition> partitions;
+};
+
+// Load a dm-linear table from the device tree if one is available; otherwise,
+// return null.
+std::unique_ptr<LogicalPartitionTable> LoadPartitionsFromDeviceTree();
+
+// Create device-mapper devices for the given partition table.
+//
+// On success, two devices nodes will be created for each partition, both
+// pointing to the same device:
+//   /dev/block/dm-<N> where N is a sequential ID assigned by device-mapper.
+//   /dev/block/dm-<name> where |name| is the partition name.
+//
+bool CreateLogicalPartitions(const LogicalPartitionTable& table);
+
+}  // namespace fs_mgr
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // __CORE_FS_MGR_DM_LINEAR_H
diff --git a/fs_mgr/include_fstab/fstab/fstab.h b/fs_mgr/include_fstab/fstab/fstab.h
index 8c585dd..d232cca 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/include_fstab/fstab/fstab.h
+++ b/fs_mgr/include_fstab/fstab/fstab.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+#include <set>
 #include <string>
 
 /*
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@
 
 struct fstab_rec {
     char* blk_device;
+    char* logical_partition_name;
     char* mount_point;
     char* fs_type;
     unsigned long flags;
@@ -84,8 +86,10 @@
 int fs_mgr_is_nofail(const struct fstab_rec* fstab);
 int fs_mgr_is_latemount(const struct fstab_rec* fstab);
 int fs_mgr_is_quota(const struct fstab_rec* fstab);
+int fs_mgr_is_logical(const struct fstab_rec* fstab);
 int fs_mgr_has_sysfs_path(const struct fstab_rec* fstab);
 
 std::string fs_mgr_get_slot_suffix();
+std::set<std::string> fs_mgr_get_boot_devices();
 
 #endif /* __CORE_FS_TAB_H */
diff --git a/init/Android.bp b/init/Android.bp
index a31c5a5..25877c0 100644
--- a/init/Android.bp
+++ b/init/Android.bp
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@
         "capabilities.cpp",
         "descriptors.cpp",
         "devices.cpp",
+        "epoll.cpp",
         "firmware_handler.cpp",
         "import_parser.cpp",
         "init.cpp",
@@ -169,6 +170,7 @@
     srcs: [
         "devices_test.cpp",
         "init_test.cpp",
+        "keychords_test.cpp",
         "persistent_properties_test.cpp",
         "property_service_test.cpp",
         "property_type_test.cpp",
@@ -231,8 +233,11 @@
         "action_parser.cpp",
         "capabilities.cpp",
         "descriptors.cpp",
+        "epoll.cpp",
+        "keychords.cpp",
         "import_parser.cpp",
-        "host_init_parser.cpp",
+        "host_import_parser.cpp",
+        "host_init_verifier.cpp",
         "host_init_stubs.cpp",
         "parser.cpp",
         "rlimit_parser.cpp",
@@ -245,7 +250,10 @@
     proto: {
         type: "lite",
     },
-    generated_headers: ["generated_stub_builtin_function_map"],
+    generated_headers: [
+        "generated_stub_builtin_function_map",
+        "generated_android_ids"
+    ],
     target: {
         android: {
             enabled: false,
diff --git a/init/README.md b/init/README.md
index c08b07a..550ef05 100644
--- a/init/README.md
+++ b/init/README.md
@@ -195,6 +195,10 @@
 > This service will not automatically start with its class.
   It must be explicitly started by name or by interface name.
 
+`enter_namespace <type> <path>`
+> Enters the namespace of type _type_ located at _path_. Only network namespaces are supported with
+  _type_ set to "net". Note that only one namespace of a given _type_ may be entered.
+
 `file <path> <type>`
 > Open a file path and pass its fd to the launched process. _type_ must be
   "r", "w" or "rw".  For native executables see libcutils
diff --git a/init/action.cpp b/init/action.cpp
index f782b51..11335ca 100644
--- a/init/action.cpp
+++ b/init/action.cpp
@@ -18,16 +18,11 @@
 
 #include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 
 #include "util.h"
 
-#if defined(__ANDROID__)
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-#else
-#include "host_init_stubs.h"
-#endif
-
 using android::base::Join;
 
 namespace android {
diff --git a/init/action_parser.cpp b/init/action_parser.cpp
index a2c9671..8a4b518 100644
--- a/init/action_parser.cpp
+++ b/init/action_parser.cpp
@@ -16,16 +16,11 @@
 
 #include "action_parser.h"
 
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 
 #include "stable_properties.h"
 
-#if defined(__ANDROID__)
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-#else
-#include "host_init_stubs.h"
-#endif
-
 using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
 using android::base::StartsWith;
 
diff --git a/init/builtins.cpp b/init/builtins.cpp
index 8bd92cc..17d34e1 100644
--- a/init/builtins.cpp
+++ b/init/builtins.cpp
@@ -240,6 +240,29 @@
     return Success();
 }
 
+static Result<Success> do_interface_restart(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
+    Service* svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindInterface(args[1]);
+    if (!svc) return Error() << "interface " << args[1] << " not found";
+    svc->Restart();
+    return Success();
+}
+
+static Result<Success> do_interface_start(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
+    Service* svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindInterface(args[1]);
+    if (!svc) return Error() << "interface " << args[1] << " not found";
+    if (auto result = svc->Start(); !result) {
+        return Error() << "Could not start interface: " << result.error();
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+static Result<Success> do_interface_stop(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
+    Service* svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindInterface(args[1]);
+    if (!svc) return Error() << "interface " << args[1] << " not found";
+    svc->Stop();
+    return Success();
+}
+
 // mkdir <path> [mode] [owner] [group]
 static Result<Success> do_mkdir(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
     mode_t mode = 0755;
@@ -1050,6 +1073,9 @@
         {"init_user0",              {0,     0,    {false,  do_init_user0}}},
         {"insmod",                  {1,     kMax, {true,   do_insmod}}},
         {"installkey",              {1,     1,    {false,  do_installkey}}},
+        {"interface_restart",       {1,     1,    {false,  do_interface_restart}}},
+        {"interface_start",         {1,     1,    {false,  do_interface_start}}},
+        {"interface_stop",          {1,     1,    {false,  do_interface_stop}}},
         {"load_persist_props",      {0,     0,    {false,  do_load_persist_props}}},
         {"load_system_props",       {0,     0,    {false,  do_load_system_props}}},
         {"loglevel",                {1,     1,    {false,  do_loglevel}}},
diff --git a/init/devices.cpp b/init/devices.cpp
index 8d27f4f..ada1e28 100644
--- a/init/devices.cpp
+++ b/init/devices.cpp
@@ -329,10 +329,10 @@
                          << partition_name_sanitized << "'";
         }
         links.emplace_back(link_path + "/by-name/" + partition_name_sanitized);
-    }
-
-    if (uevent.partition_num >= 0) {
-        links.emplace_back(link_path + "/by-num/p" + std::to_string(uevent.partition_num));
+        // Adds symlink: /dev/block/by-name/<partition_name>.
+        if (boot_devices_.find(device) != boot_devices_.end()) {
+            links.emplace_back("/dev/block/by-name/" + partition_name_sanitized);
+        }
     }
 
     auto last_slash = uevent.path.rfind('/');
@@ -350,8 +350,14 @@
                 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create directory " << Dirname(link);
             }
 
-            if (symlink(devpath.c_str(), link.c_str()) && errno != EEXIST) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to symlink " << devpath << " to " << link;
+            if (symlink(devpath.c_str(), link.c_str())) {
+                if (errno != EEXIST) {
+                    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to symlink " << devpath << " to " << link;
+                } else if (std::string link_path;
+                           Readlink(link, &link_path) && link_path != devpath) {
+                    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to symlink " << devpath << " to " << link
+                                << ", which already links to: " << link_path;
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -415,16 +421,18 @@
 
 DeviceHandler::DeviceHandler(std::vector<Permissions> dev_permissions,
                              std::vector<SysfsPermissions> sysfs_permissions,
-                             std::vector<Subsystem> subsystems, bool skip_restorecon)
+                             std::vector<Subsystem> subsystems, std::set<std::string> boot_devices,
+                             bool skip_restorecon)
     : dev_permissions_(std::move(dev_permissions)),
       sysfs_permissions_(std::move(sysfs_permissions)),
       subsystems_(std::move(subsystems)),
+      boot_devices_(std::move(boot_devices)),
       skip_restorecon_(skip_restorecon),
       sysfs_mount_point_("/sys") {}
 
 DeviceHandler::DeviceHandler()
     : DeviceHandler(std::vector<Permissions>{}, std::vector<SysfsPermissions>{},
-                    std::vector<Subsystem>{}, false) {}
+                    std::vector<Subsystem>{}, std::set<std::string>{}, false) {}
 
 }  // namespace init
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/devices.h b/init/devices.h
index 1f8f1e8..f9035da 100644
--- a/init/devices.h
+++ b/init/devices.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <set>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -103,8 +104,8 @@
 
     DeviceHandler();
     DeviceHandler(std::vector<Permissions> dev_permissions,
-                  std::vector<SysfsPermissions> sysfs_permissions,
-                  std::vector<Subsystem> subsystems, bool skip_restorecon);
+                  std::vector<SysfsPermissions> sysfs_permissions, std::vector<Subsystem> subsystems,
+                  std::set<std::string> boot_devices, bool skip_restorecon);
     ~DeviceHandler(){};
 
     void HandleDeviceEvent(const Uevent& uevent);
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@
     std::vector<Permissions> dev_permissions_;
     std::vector<SysfsPermissions> sysfs_permissions_;
     std::vector<Subsystem> subsystems_;
+    std::set<std::string> boot_devices_;
     bool skip_restorecon_;
     std::string sysfs_mount_point_;
 };
diff --git a/init/devices_test.cpp b/init/devices_test.cpp
index eba00cb..d658f4d 100644
--- a/init/devices_test.cpp
+++ b/init/devices_test.cpp
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@
     };
     std::vector<std::string> expected_result{
         "/dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/by-name/modem",
-        "/dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/by-num/p1",
         "/dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/mmcblk0p1",
     };
 
@@ -100,7 +99,6 @@
         .partition_num = 1,
     };
     std::vector<std::string> expected_result{
-        "/dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/by-num/p1",
         "/dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/mmcblk0p1",
     };
 
diff --git a/init/epoll.cpp b/init/epoll.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bca09e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/epoll.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "epoll.h"
+
+#include <sys/epoll.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+Epoll::Epoll() {}
+
+Result<Success> Epoll::Open() {
+    if (epoll_fd_ >= 0) return Success();
+    epoll_fd_.reset(epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC));
+
+    if (epoll_fd_ == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "epoll_create1 failed";
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+Result<Success> Epoll::RegisterHandler(int fd, std::function<void()> handler) {
+    auto [it, inserted] = epoll_handlers_.emplace(fd, std::move(handler));
+    if (!inserted) {
+        return Error() << "Cannot specify two epoll handlers for a given FD";
+    }
+    epoll_event ev;
+    ev.events = EPOLLIN;
+    // std::map's iterators do not get invalidated until erased, so we use the
+    // pointer to the std::function in the map directly for epoll_ctl.
+    ev.data.ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(&it->second);
+    if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev) == -1) {
+        Result<Success> result = ErrnoError() << "epoll_ctl failed to add fd";
+        epoll_handlers_.erase(fd);
+        return result;
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+Result<Success> Epoll::UnregisterHandler(int fd) {
+    if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd_, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, nullptr) == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "epoll_ctl failed to remove fd";
+    }
+    if (epoll_handlers_.erase(fd) != 1) {
+        return Error() << "Attempting to remove epoll handler for FD without an existing handler";
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+Result<Success> Epoll::Wait(std::optional<std::chrono::milliseconds> timeout) {
+    int timeout_ms = -1;
+    if (timeout && timeout->count() < INT_MAX) {
+        timeout_ms = timeout->count();
+    }
+    epoll_event ev;
+    auto nr = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(epoll_wait(epoll_fd_, &ev, 1, timeout_ms));
+    if (nr == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "epoll_wait failed";
+    } else if (nr == 1) {
+        std::invoke(*reinterpret_cast<std::function<void()>*>(ev.data.ptr));
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/epoll.h b/init/epoll.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85a791c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/epoll.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _INIT_EPOLL_H
+#define _INIT_EPOLL_H
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#include <optional>
+
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+
+#include "result.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+class Epoll {
+  public:
+    Epoll();
+
+    Result<Success> Open();
+    Result<Success> RegisterHandler(int fd, std::function<void()> handler);
+    Result<Success> UnregisterHandler(int fd);
+    Result<Success> Wait(std::optional<std::chrono::milliseconds> timeout);
+
+  private:
+    android::base::unique_fd epoll_fd_;
+    std::map<int, std::function<void()>> epoll_handlers_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif
diff --git a/init/host_import_parser.cpp b/init/host_import_parser.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..faf6fc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/host_import_parser.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "host_import_parser.h"
+
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+
+using android::base::StartsWith;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+Result<Success> HostImportParser::ParseSection(std::vector<std::string>&& args,
+                                               const std::string& filename, int line) {
+    if (args.size() != 2) {
+        return Error() << "single argument needed for import\n";
+    }
+
+    auto import_path = args[1];
+
+    if (StartsWith(import_path, "/system") || StartsWith(import_path, "/product") ||
+        StartsWith(import_path, "/odm") || StartsWith(import_path, "/vendor")) {
+        import_path = out_dir_ + "/" + import_path;
+    } else {
+        import_path = out_dir_ + "/root/" + import_path;
+    }
+
+    return ImportParser::ParseSection({"import", import_path}, filename, line);
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/host_import_parser.h b/init/host_import_parser.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2980b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/host_import_parser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "import_parser.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+class HostImportParser : public ImportParser {
+  public:
+    HostImportParser(const std::string& out_dir, Parser* parser)
+        : ImportParser(parser), out_dir_(out_dir) {}
+    Result<Success> ParseSection(std::vector<std::string>&& args, const std::string& filename,
+                                 int line) override;
+
+  private:
+    std::string out_dir_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/host_init_parser.cpp b/init/host_init_parser.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 5232b7e..0000000
--- a/init/host_init_parser.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-//
-// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//
-
-#include <pwd.h>
-
-#include <android-base/logging.h>
-
-#include "action.h"
-#include "action_manager.h"
-#include "action_parser.h"
-#include "parser.h"
-#include "result.h"
-#include "service.h"
-
-// The host passwd file won't have the Android entries, so we fake success here.
-passwd* getpwnam(const char* login) {  // NOLINT: implementing bad function.
-    char dummy_buf[] = "dummy";
-    static passwd dummy_passwd = {
-        .pw_name = dummy_buf,
-        .pw_dir = dummy_buf,
-        .pw_shell = dummy_buf,
-        .pw_uid = 123,
-        .pw_gid = 123,
-    };
-    return &dummy_passwd;
-}
-
-namespace android {
-namespace init {
-
-static Result<Success> do_stub(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
-    return Success();
-}
-
-#include "generated_stub_builtin_function_map.h"
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::StderrLogger);
-    if (argc != 2) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " <init file to parse>";
-        return -1;
-    }
-    const BuiltinFunctionMap function_map;
-    Action::set_function_map(&function_map);
-    ActionManager& am = ActionManager::GetInstance();
-    ServiceList& sl = ServiceList::GetInstance();
-    Parser parser;
-    parser.AddSectionParser("service", std::make_unique<ServiceParser>(&sl, nullptr));
-    parser.AddSectionParser("on", std::make_unique<ActionParser>(&am, nullptr));
-
-    size_t num_errors = 0;
-    if (!parser.ParseConfig(argv[1], &num_errors)) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to find script";
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (num_errors > 0) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Parse failed with " << num_errors << " errors";
-        return -1;
-    }
-    LOG(INFO) << "Parse success!";
-    return 0;
-}
-
-}  // namespace init
-}  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    android::init::main(argc, argv);
-}
diff --git a/init/host_init_stubs.cpp b/init/host_init_stubs.cpp
index 4451ac8..2352fc7 100644
--- a/init/host_init_stubs.cpp
+++ b/init/host_init_stubs.cpp
@@ -16,33 +16,25 @@
 
 #include "host_init_stubs.h"
 
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+
 // unistd.h
 int setgroups(size_t __size, const gid_t* __list) {
     return 0;
 }
 
 namespace android {
-namespace base {
-
-std::string GetProperty(const std::string&, const std::string& default_value) {
-    return default_value;
-}
-
-bool GetBoolProperty(const std::string&, bool default_value) {
-    return default_value;
-}
-
-}  // namespace base
-}  // namespace android
-
-namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
 // init.h
 std::string default_console = "/dev/console";
 
 // property_service.h
-uint32_t (*property_set)(const std::string& name, const std::string& value) = nullptr;
+uint32_t SetProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value) {
+    android::base::SetProperty(key, value);
+    return 0;
+}
+uint32_t (*property_set)(const std::string& name, const std::string& value) = SetProperty;
 uint32_t HandlePropertySet(const std::string&, const std::string&, const std::string&, const ucred&,
                            std::string*) {
     return 0;
diff --git a/init/host_init_stubs.h b/init/host_init_stubs.h
index ad48602..f0e1f07 100644
--- a/init/host_init_stubs.h
+++ b/init/host_init_stubs.h
@@ -29,21 +29,6 @@
 // unistd.h
 int setgroups(size_t __size, const gid_t* __list);
 
-// android-base/properties.h
-namespace android {
-namespace base {
-
-std::string GetProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& default_value);
-bool GetBoolProperty(const std::string& key, bool default_value);
-template <typename T>
-T GetIntProperty(const std::string&, T default_value, T = std::numeric_limits<T>::min(),
-                 T = std::numeric_limits<T>::max()) {
-    return default_value;
-}
-
-}  // namespace base
-}  // namespace android
-
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
diff --git a/init/host_init_verifier.cpp b/init/host_init_verifier.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6884af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/host_init_verifier.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+
+#include "action.h"
+#include "action_manager.h"
+#include "action_parser.h"
+#include "host_import_parser.h"
+#include "host_init_stubs.h"
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "result.h"
+#include "service.h"
+
+#define EXCLUDE_FS_CONFIG_STRUCTURES
+#include "generated_android_ids.h"
+
+using namespace std::literals;
+
+using android::base::ParseInt;
+using android::base::ReadFileToString;
+using android::base::Split;
+
+static std::string out_dir;
+
+static std::vector<std::pair<std::string, int>> GetVendorPasswd() {
+    std::string passwd;
+    if (!ReadFileToString(out_dir + "/vendor/etc/passwd", &passwd)) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, int>> result;
+    auto passwd_lines = Split(passwd, "\n");
+    for (const auto& line : passwd_lines) {
+        auto split_line = Split(line, ":");
+        if (split_line.size() < 3) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        int uid = 0;
+        if (!ParseInt(split_line[2], &uid)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        result.emplace_back(split_line[0], uid);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+passwd* getpwnam(const char* login) {  // NOLINT: implementing bad function.
+    // This isn't thread safe, but that's okay for our purposes.
+    static char static_name[32] = "";
+    static char static_dir[32] = "/";
+    static char static_shell[32] = "/system/bin/sh";
+    static passwd static_passwd = {
+        .pw_name = static_name,
+        .pw_dir = static_dir,
+        .pw_shell = static_shell,
+        .pw_uid = 0,
+        .pw_gid = 0,
+    };
+
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < android_id_count; ++n) {
+        if (!strcmp(android_ids[n].name, login)) {
+            snprintf(static_name, sizeof(static_name), "%s", android_ids[n].name);
+            static_passwd.pw_uid = android_ids[n].aid;
+            static_passwd.pw_gid = android_ids[n].aid;
+            return &static_passwd;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static const auto vendor_passwd = GetVendorPasswd();
+
+    for (const auto& [name, uid] : vendor_passwd) {
+        if (name == login) {
+            snprintf(static_name, sizeof(static_name), "%s", name.c_str());
+            static_passwd.pw_uid = uid;
+            static_passwd.pw_gid = uid;
+            return &static_passwd;
+        }
+    }
+
+    errno = ENOENT;
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+static Result<Success> do_stub(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
+    return Success();
+}
+
+#include "generated_stub_builtin_function_map.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::StdioLogger);
+    android::base::SetMinimumLogSeverity(android::base::ERROR);
+    if (argc != 3) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " <out directory> <properties>";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    out_dir = argv[1];
+
+    auto properties = Split(argv[2], ",");
+    for (const auto& property : properties) {
+        auto split_property = Split(property, "=");
+        if (split_property.size() != 2) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        property_set(split_property[0], split_property[1]);
+    }
+
+    const BuiltinFunctionMap function_map;
+    Action::set_function_map(&function_map);
+    ActionManager& am = ActionManager::GetInstance();
+    ServiceList& sl = ServiceList::GetInstance();
+    Parser parser;
+    parser.AddSectionParser("service", std::make_unique<ServiceParser>(&sl, nullptr));
+    parser.AddSectionParser("on", std::make_unique<ActionParser>(&am, nullptr));
+    parser.AddSectionParser("import", std::make_unique<HostImportParser>(out_dir, &parser));
+
+    if (!parser.ParseConfig(argv[1] + "/root/init.rc"s)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to find root init.rc script";
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (parser.parse_error_count() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Init script parsing failed with " << parser.parse_error_count() << " errors";
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    android::init::main(argc, argv);
+}
diff --git a/init/import_parser.cpp b/init/import_parser.cpp
index e335fd1..fb3185e 100644
--- a/init/import_parser.cpp
+++ b/init/import_parser.cpp
@@ -41,14 +41,15 @@
     return Success();
 }
 
+Result<Success> ImportParser::ParseLineSection(std::vector<std::string>&&, int) {
+    return Error() << "Unexpected line found after import statement";
+}
+
 void ImportParser::EndFile() {
     auto current_imports = std::move(imports_);
     imports_.clear();
     for (const auto& [import, line_num] : current_imports) {
-        if (!parser_->ParseConfig(import)) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << filename_ << ": " << line_num << ": Could not import file '" << import
-                        << "'";
-        }
+        parser_->ParseConfig(import);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/init/import_parser.h b/init/import_parser.h
index 5a2f894..7bc72e6 100644
--- a/init/import_parser.h
+++ b/init/import_parser.h
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     ImportParser(Parser* parser) : parser_(parser) {}
     Result<Success> ParseSection(std::vector<std::string>&& args, const std::string& filename,
                                  int line) override;
+    Result<Success> ParseLineSection(std::vector<std::string>&&, int) override;
     void EndFile() override;
 
   private:
diff --git a/init/init.cpp b/init/init.cpp
index 54bbb4b..82648d9 100644
--- a/init/init.cpp
+++ b/init/init.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <sys/epoll.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
@@ -48,6 +47,7 @@
 #include <selinux/android.h>
 
 #include "action_parser.h"
+#include "epoll.h"
 #include "import_parser.h"
 #include "init_first_stage.h"
 #include "keychords.h"
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 #include "util.h"
 #include "watchdogd.h"
 
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 using namespace std::string_literals;
 
 using android::base::boot_clock;
@@ -79,7 +80,6 @@
 
 std::string default_console = "/dev/console";
 
-static int epoll_fd = -1;
 static int signal_fd = -1;
 
 static std::unique_ptr<Timer> waiting_for_prop(nullptr);
@@ -131,34 +131,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-static std::map<int, std::function<void()>> epoll_handlers;
-
-void register_epoll_handler(int fd, std::function<void()> handler) {
-    auto[it, inserted] = epoll_handlers.emplace(fd, std::move(handler));
-    if (!inserted) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Cannot specify two epoll handlers for a given FD";
-        return;
-    }
-    epoll_event ev;
-    ev.events = EPOLLIN;
-    // std::map's iterators do not get invalidated until erased, so we use the pointer to the
-    // std::function in the map directly for epoll_ctl.
-    ev.data.ptr = reinterpret_cast<void*>(&it->second);
-    if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev) == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "epoll_ctl failed to add fd";
-        epoll_handlers.erase(fd);
-    }
-}
-
-void unregister_epoll_handler(int fd) {
-    if (epoll_ctl(epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, nullptr) == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "epoll_ctl failed to remove fd";
-    }
-    if (epoll_handlers.erase(fd) != 1) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Attempting to remove epoll handler for FD without an existing handler";
-    }
-}
-
 bool start_waiting_for_property(const char *name, const char *value)
 {
     if (waiting_for_prop) {
@@ -297,40 +269,29 @@
 
     const ControlMessageFunction& function = it->second;
 
-    if (function.target == ControlTarget::SERVICE) {
-        Service* svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindService(name);
-        if (svc == nullptr) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "No such service '" << name << "' for ctl." << msg;
-            return;
-        }
-        if (auto result = function.action(svc); !result) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Could not ctl." << msg << " for service " << name << ": "
-                       << result.error();
-        }
+    Service* svc = nullptr;
 
+    switch (function.target) {
+        case ControlTarget::SERVICE:
+            svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindService(name);
+            break;
+        case ControlTarget::INTERFACE:
+            svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindInterface(name);
+            break;
+        default:
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid function target from static map key '" << msg << "': "
+                       << static_cast<std::underlying_type<ControlTarget>::type>(function.target);
+            return;
+    }
+
+    if (svc == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Could not find '" << name << "' for ctl." << msg;
         return;
     }
 
-    if (function.target == ControlTarget::INTERFACE) {
-        for (const auto& svc : ServiceList::GetInstance()) {
-            if (svc->interfaces().count(name) == 0) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (auto result = function.action(svc.get()); !result) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not handle ctl." << msg << " for service " << svc->name()
-                           << " with interface " << name << ": " << result.error();
-            }
-
-            return;
-        }
-
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Could not find service hosting interface " << name;
-        return;
+    if (auto result = function.action(svc); !result) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Could not ctl." << msg << " for '" << name << "': " << result.error();
     }
-
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid function target from static map key '" << msg
-               << "': " << static_cast<std::underlying_type<ControlTarget>::type>(function.target);
 }
 
 static Result<Success> wait_for_coldboot_done_action(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
@@ -354,11 +315,6 @@
     return Success();
 }
 
-static Result<Success> KeychordInitAction(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
-    KeychordInit();
-    return Success();
-}
-
 static Result<Success> console_init_action(const BuiltinArguments& args) {
     std::string console = GetProperty("ro.boot.console", "");
     if (!console.empty()) {
@@ -561,7 +517,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void InstallSignalFdHandler() {
+static void InstallSignalFdHandler(Epoll* epoll) {
     // Applying SA_NOCLDSTOP to a defaulted SIGCHLD handler prevents the signalfd from receiving
     // SIGCHLD when a child process stops or continues (b/77867680#comment9).
     const struct sigaction act { .sa_handler = SIG_DFL, .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP };
@@ -592,7 +548,36 @@
         PLOG(FATAL) << "failed to create signalfd";
     }
 
-    register_epoll_handler(signal_fd, HandleSignalFd);
+    if (auto result = epoll->RegisterHandler(signal_fd, HandleSignalFd); !result) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << result.error();
+    }
+}
+
+void HandleKeychord(const std::vector<int>& keycodes) {
+    // Only handle keychords if adb is enabled.
+    std::string adb_enabled = android::base::GetProperty("init.svc.adbd", "");
+    if (adb_enabled != "running") {
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Not starting service for keychord " << android::base::Join(keycodes, ' ')
+                     << " because ADB is disabled";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    auto found = false;
+    for (const auto& service : ServiceList::GetInstance()) {
+        auto svc = service.get();
+        if (svc->keycodes() == keycodes) {
+            found = true;
+            LOG(INFO) << "Starting service '" << svc->name() << "' from keychord "
+                      << android::base::Join(keycodes, ' ');
+            if (auto result = svc->Start(); !result) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not start service '" << svc->name() << "' from keychord "
+                           << android::base::Join(keycodes, ' ') << ": " << result.error();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Service for keychord " << android::base::Join(keycodes, ' ') << " not found";
+    }
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
@@ -738,16 +723,16 @@
     SelabelInitialize();
     SelinuxRestoreContext();
 
-    epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC);
-    if (epoll_fd == -1) {
-        PLOG(FATAL) << "epoll_create1 failed";
+    Epoll epoll;
+    if (auto result = epoll.Open(); !result) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << result.error();
     }
 
-    InstallSignalFdHandler();
+    InstallSignalFdHandler(&epoll);
 
     property_load_boot_defaults();
     export_oem_lock_status();
-    start_property_service();
+    StartPropertyService(&epoll);
     set_usb_controller();
 
     const BuiltinFunctionMap function_map;
@@ -772,7 +757,16 @@
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(MixHwrngIntoLinuxRngAction, "MixHwrngIntoLinuxRng");
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(SetMmapRndBitsAction, "SetMmapRndBits");
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(SetKptrRestrictAction, "SetKptrRestrict");
-    am.QueueBuiltinAction(KeychordInitAction, "KeychordInit");
+    Keychords keychords;
+    am.QueueBuiltinAction(
+        [&epoll, &keychords](const BuiltinArguments& args) -> Result<Success> {
+            for (const auto& svc : ServiceList::GetInstance()) {
+                keychords.Register(svc->keycodes());
+            }
+            keychords.Start(&epoll, HandleKeychord);
+            return Success();
+        },
+        "KeychordInit");
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(console_init_action, "console_init");
 
     // Trigger all the boot actions to get us started.
@@ -795,7 +789,7 @@
 
     while (true) {
         // By default, sleep until something happens.
-        int epoll_timeout_ms = -1;
+        auto epoll_timeout = std::optional<std::chrono::milliseconds>{};
 
         if (do_shutdown && !shutting_down) {
             do_shutdown = false;
@@ -813,23 +807,18 @@
 
                 // If there's a process that needs restarting, wake up in time for that.
                 if (next_process_restart_time) {
-                    epoll_timeout_ms = std::chrono::ceil<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
-                                           *next_process_restart_time - boot_clock::now())
-                                           .count();
-                    if (epoll_timeout_ms < 0) epoll_timeout_ms = 0;
+                    epoll_timeout = std::chrono::ceil<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+                        *next_process_restart_time - boot_clock::now());
+                    if (*epoll_timeout < 0ms) epoll_timeout = 0ms;
                 }
             }
 
             // If there's more work to do, wake up again immediately.
-            if (am.HasMoreCommands()) epoll_timeout_ms = 0;
+            if (am.HasMoreCommands()) epoll_timeout = 0ms;
         }
 
-        epoll_event ev;
-        int nr = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(epoll_wait(epoll_fd, &ev, 1, epoll_timeout_ms));
-        if (nr == -1) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "epoll_wait failed";
-        } else if (nr == 1) {
-            std::invoke(*reinterpret_cast<std::function<void()>*>(ev.data.ptr));
+        if (auto result = epoll.Wait(epoll_timeout); !result) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << result.error();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/init/init.h b/init/init.h
index e7c4d8d..6c82fa1 100644
--- a/init/init.h
+++ b/init/init.h
@@ -43,9 +43,6 @@
 
 void property_changed(const std::string& name, const std::string& value);
 
-void register_epoll_handler(int fd, std::function<void()> handler);
-void unregister_epoll_handler(int fd);
-
 bool start_waiting_for_property(const char *name, const char *value);
 
 void DumpState();
diff --git a/init/init_first_stage.cpp b/init/init_first_stage.cpp
index 1b6e97e..db60ce1 100644
--- a/init/init_first_stage.cpp
+++ b/init/init_first_stage.cpp
@@ -33,11 +33,13 @@
 #include "devices.h"
 #include "fs_mgr.h"
 #include "fs_mgr_avb.h"
+#include "fs_mgr_dm_linear.h"
 #include "uevent.h"
 #include "uevent_listener.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 using android::base::Timer;
+using android::fs_mgr::LogicalPartitionTable;
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
@@ -58,21 +60,24 @@
   protected:
     ListenerAction HandleBlockDevice(const std::string& name, const Uevent&);
     bool InitRequiredDevices();
-    bool InitVerityDevice(const std::string& verity_device);
+    bool InitMappedDevice(const std::string& verity_device);
+    bool CreateLogicalPartitions();
     bool MountPartitions();
+    bool GetBackingDmLinearDevices();
 
     virtual ListenerAction UeventCallback(const Uevent& uevent);
 
     // Pure virtual functions.
-    virtual bool GetRequiredDevices() = 0;
+    virtual bool GetDmVerityDevices() = 0;
     virtual bool SetUpDmVerity(fstab_rec* fstab_rec) = 0;
 
     bool need_dm_verity_;
 
     std::unique_ptr<fstab, decltype(&fs_mgr_free_fstab)> device_tree_fstab_;
+    std::unique_ptr<LogicalPartitionTable> dm_linear_table_;
     std::vector<fstab_rec*> mount_fstab_recs_;
     std::set<std::string> required_devices_partition_names_;
-    DeviceHandler device_handler_;
+    std::unique_ptr<DeviceHandler> device_handler_;
     UeventListener uevent_listener_;
 };
 
@@ -82,7 +87,7 @@
     ~FirstStageMountVBootV1() override = default;
 
   protected:
-    bool GetRequiredDevices() override;
+    bool GetDmVerityDevices() override;
     bool SetUpDmVerity(fstab_rec* fstab_rec) override;
 };
 
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@
 
   protected:
     ListenerAction UeventCallback(const Uevent& uevent) override;
-    bool GetRequiredDevices() override;
+    bool GetDmVerityDevices() override;
     bool SetUpDmVerity(fstab_rec* fstab_rec) override;
     bool InitAvbHandle();
 
@@ -114,6 +119,17 @@
     return access("/sbin/recovery", F_OK) == 0;
 }
 
+static inline bool IsDmLinearEnabled() {
+    bool enabled = false;
+    import_kernel_cmdline(
+        false, [&enabled](const std::string& key, const std::string& value, bool in_qemu) {
+            if (key == "androidboot.logical_partitions" && value == "1") {
+                enabled = true;
+            }
+        });
+    return enabled;
+}
+
 // Class Definitions
 // -----------------
 FirstStageMount::FirstStageMount()
@@ -127,6 +143,15 @@
     } else {
         LOG(INFO) << "Failed to read fstab from device tree";
     }
+
+    if (IsDmLinearEnabled()) {
+        dm_linear_table_ = android::fs_mgr::LoadPartitionsFromDeviceTree();
+    }
+
+    auto boot_devices = fs_mgr_get_boot_devices();
+    device_handler_ =
+        std::make_unique<DeviceHandler>(std::vector<Permissions>{}, std::vector<SysfsPermissions>{},
+                                        std::vector<Subsystem>{}, std::move(boot_devices), false);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<FirstStageMount> FirstStageMount::Create() {
@@ -138,7 +163,7 @@
 }
 
 bool FirstStageMount::DoFirstStageMount() {
-    if (mount_fstab_recs_.empty()) {
+    if (!dm_linear_table_ && mount_fstab_recs_.empty()) {
         // Nothing to mount.
         LOG(INFO) << "First stage mount skipped (missing/incompatible/empty fstab in device tree)";
         return true;
@@ -146,13 +171,30 @@
 
     if (!InitDevices()) return false;
 
+    if (!CreateLogicalPartitions()) return false;
+
     if (!MountPartitions()) return false;
 
     return true;
 }
 
 bool FirstStageMount::InitDevices() {
-    return GetRequiredDevices() && InitRequiredDevices();
+    return GetBackingDmLinearDevices() && GetDmVerityDevices() && InitRequiredDevices();
+}
+
+bool FirstStageMount::GetBackingDmLinearDevices() {
+    // Add any additional devices required for dm-linear mappings.
+    if (!dm_linear_table_) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& partition : dm_linear_table_->partitions) {
+        for (const auto& extent : partition.extents) {
+            const std::string& partition_name = android::base::Basename(extent.block_device());
+            required_devices_partition_names_.emplace(partition_name);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
 }
 
 // Creates devices with uevent->partition_name matching one in the member variable
@@ -163,12 +205,12 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    if (need_dm_verity_) {
+    if (dm_linear_table_ || need_dm_verity_) {
         const std::string dm_path = "/devices/virtual/misc/device-mapper";
         bool found = false;
         auto dm_callback = [this, &dm_path, &found](const Uevent& uevent) {
             if (uevent.path == dm_path) {
-                device_handler_.HandleDeviceEvent(uevent);
+                device_handler_->HandleDeviceEvent(uevent);
                 found = true;
                 return ListenerAction::kStop;
             }
@@ -210,6 +252,13 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool FirstStageMount::CreateLogicalPartitions() {
+    if (!dm_linear_table_) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return android::fs_mgr::CreateLogicalPartitions(*dm_linear_table_.get());
+}
+
 ListenerAction FirstStageMount::HandleBlockDevice(const std::string& name, const Uevent& uevent) {
     // Matches partition name to create device nodes.
     // Both required_devices_partition_names_ and uevent->partition_name have A/B
@@ -218,7 +267,7 @@
     if (iter != required_devices_partition_names_.end()) {
         LOG(VERBOSE) << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << ": found partition: " << *iter;
         required_devices_partition_names_.erase(iter);
-        device_handler_.HandleDeviceEvent(uevent);
+        device_handler_->HandleDeviceEvent(uevent);
         if (required_devices_partition_names_.empty()) {
             return ListenerAction::kStop;
         } else {
@@ -247,15 +296,15 @@
 }
 
 // Creates "/dev/block/dm-XX" for dm-verity by running coldboot on /sys/block/dm-XX.
-bool FirstStageMount::InitVerityDevice(const std::string& verity_device) {
-    const std::string device_name(basename(verity_device.c_str()));
+bool FirstStageMount::InitMappedDevice(const std::string& dm_device) {
+    const std::string device_name(basename(dm_device.c_str()));
     const std::string syspath = "/sys/block/" + device_name;
     bool found = false;
 
-    auto verity_callback = [&device_name, &verity_device, this, &found](const Uevent& uevent) {
+    auto verity_callback = [&device_name, &dm_device, this, &found](const Uevent& uevent) {
         if (uevent.device_name == device_name) {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Creating dm-verity device : " << verity_device;
-            device_handler_.HandleDeviceEvent(uevent);
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Creating device-mapper device : " << dm_device;
+            device_handler_->HandleDeviceEvent(uevent);
             found = true;
             return ListenerAction::kStop;
         }
@@ -279,6 +328,14 @@
 
 bool FirstStageMount::MountPartitions() {
     for (auto fstab_rec : mount_fstab_recs_) {
+        if (fs_mgr_is_logical(fstab_rec)) {
+            if (!fs_mgr_update_logical_partition(fstab_rec)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!InitMappedDevice(fstab_rec->blk_device)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
         if (!SetUpDmVerity(fstab_rec)) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setup verity for '" << fstab_rec->mount_point << "'";
             return false;
@@ -291,7 +348,7 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool FirstStageMountVBootV1::GetRequiredDevices() {
+bool FirstStageMountVBootV1::GetDmVerityDevices() {
     std::string verity_loc_device;
     need_dm_verity_ = false;
 
@@ -344,7 +401,7 @@
                 // The exact block device name (fstab_rec->blk_device) is changed to
                 // "/dev/block/dm-XX". Needs to create it because ueventd isn't started in init
                 // first stage.
-                return InitVerityDevice(fstab_rec->blk_device);
+                return InitMappedDevice(fstab_rec->blk_device);
             default:
                 return false;
         }
@@ -371,7 +428,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool FirstStageMountVBootV2::GetRequiredDevices() {
+bool FirstStageMountVBootV2::GetDmVerityDevices() {
     need_dm_verity_ = false;
 
     // fstab_rec->blk_device has A/B suffix.
@@ -416,9 +473,8 @@
         // the content of uevent. by-name symlink will be at [0] if uevent->partition_name
         // is not empty. e.g.,
         //   - /dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/by-name/modem
-        //   - /dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/by-num/p1
         //   - /dev/block/platform/soc.0/f9824900.sdhci/mmcblk0p1
-        std::vector<std::string> links = device_handler_.GetBlockDeviceSymlinks(uevent);
+        std::vector<std::string> links = device_handler_->GetBlockDeviceSymlinks(uevent);
         if (!links.empty()) {
             auto[it, inserted] = by_name_symlink_map_.emplace(uevent.partition_name, links[0]);
             if (!inserted) {
@@ -444,7 +500,7 @@
                 // The exact block device name (fstab_rec->blk_device) is changed to
                 // "/dev/block/dm-XX". Needs to create it because ueventd isn't started in init
                 // first stage.
-                return InitVerityDevice(fstab_rec->blk_device);
+                return InitMappedDevice(fstab_rec->blk_device);
             default:
                 return false;
         }
diff --git a/init/keychords.cpp b/init/keychords.cpp
index f55d2c4..1af06dd 100644
--- a/init/keychords.cpp
+++ b/init/keychords.cpp
@@ -20,157 +20,130 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <linux/input.h>
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#include <sys/inotify.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <functional>
+#include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-
-#include "init.h"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-namespace {
+Keychords::Keychords() : epoll_(nullptr), inotify_fd_(-1) {}
 
-int keychords_count;
-
-struct KeychordEntry {
-    const std::vector<int> keycodes;
-    bool notified;
-    int id;
-
-    KeychordEntry(const std::vector<int>& keycodes, int id)
-        : keycodes(keycodes), notified(false), id(id) {}
-};
-
-std::vector<KeychordEntry> keychord_entries;
-
-// Bit management
-class KeychordMask {
-  private:
-    typedef unsigned int mask_t;
-    std::vector<mask_t> bits;
-    static constexpr size_t bits_per_byte = 8;
-
-  public:
-    explicit KeychordMask(size_t bit = 0) : bits((bit + sizeof(mask_t) - 1) / sizeof(mask_t), 0) {}
-
-    void SetBit(size_t bit, bool value = true) {
-        auto idx = bit / (bits_per_byte * sizeof(mask_t));
-        if (idx >= bits.size()) return;
-        if (value) {
-            bits[idx] |= mask_t(1) << (bit % (bits_per_byte * sizeof(mask_t)));
-        } else {
-            bits[idx] &= ~(mask_t(1) << (bit % (bits_per_byte * sizeof(mask_t))));
-        }
+Keychords::~Keychords() noexcept {
+    if (inotify_fd_ >= 0) {
+        epoll_->UnregisterHandler(inotify_fd_);
+        ::close(inotify_fd_);
     }
+    while (!registration_.empty()) GeteventCloseDevice(registration_.begin()->first);
+}
 
-    bool GetBit(size_t bit) const {
-        auto idx = bit / (bits_per_byte * sizeof(mask_t));
-        return bits[idx] & (mask_t(1) << (bit % (bits_per_byte * sizeof(mask_t))));
-    }
+Keychords::Mask::Mask(size_t bit) : bits_((bit + sizeof(mask_t) - 1) / sizeof(mask_t), 0) {}
 
-    size_t bytesize() const { return bits.size() * sizeof(mask_t); }
-    void* data() { return bits.data(); }
-    size_t size() const { return bits.size() * sizeof(mask_t) * bits_per_byte; }
-    void resize(size_t bit) {
-        auto idx = bit / (bits_per_byte * sizeof(mask_t));
-        if (idx >= bits.size()) {
-            bits.resize(idx + 1, 0);
-        }
-    }
-
-    operator bool() const {
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < bits.size(); ++i) {
-            if (bits[i]) return true;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    KeychordMask operator&(const KeychordMask& rval) const {
-        auto len = std::min(bits.size(), rval.bits.size());
-        KeychordMask ret;
-        ret.bits.resize(len);
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
-            ret.bits[i] = bits[i] & rval.bits[i];
-        }
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    void operator|=(const KeychordMask& rval) {
-        size_t len = rval.bits.size();
-        bits.resize(len);
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
-            bits[i] |= rval.bits[i];
-        }
-    }
-};
-
-KeychordMask keychord_current;
-
-constexpr char kDevicePath[] = "/dev/input";
-
-void HandleKeychord(int id) {
-    // Only handle keychords if adb is enabled.
-    std::string adb_enabled = android::base::GetProperty("init.svc.adbd", "");
-    if (adb_enabled == "running") {
-        Service* svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindService(id, &Service::keychord_id);
-        if (svc) {
-            LOG(INFO) << "Starting service '" << svc->name() << "' from keychord " << id;
-            if (auto result = svc->Start(); !result) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not start service '" << svc->name() << "' from keychord " << id
-                           << ": " << result.error();
-            }
-        } else {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Service for keychord " << id << " not found";
-        }
+void Keychords::Mask::SetBit(size_t bit, bool value) {
+    auto idx = bit / (kBitsPerByte * sizeof(mask_t));
+    if (idx >= bits_.size()) return;
+    if (value) {
+        bits_[idx] |= mask_t(1) << (bit % (kBitsPerByte * sizeof(mask_t)));
     } else {
-        LOG(WARNING) << "Not starting service for keychord " << id << " because ADB is disabled";
+        bits_[idx] &= ~(mask_t(1) << (bit % (kBitsPerByte * sizeof(mask_t))));
     }
 }
 
-void KeychordLambdaCheck() {
-    for (auto& e : keychord_entries) {
-        bool found = true;
-        for (auto& code : e.keycodes) {
-            if (!keychord_current.GetBit(code)) {
-                e.notified = false;
+bool Keychords::Mask::GetBit(size_t bit) const {
+    auto idx = bit / (kBitsPerByte * sizeof(mask_t));
+    return bits_[idx] & (mask_t(1) << (bit % (kBitsPerByte * sizeof(mask_t))));
+}
+
+size_t Keychords::Mask::bytesize() const {
+    return bits_.size() * sizeof(mask_t);
+}
+
+void* Keychords::Mask::data() {
+    return bits_.data();
+}
+
+size_t Keychords::Mask::size() const {
+    return bits_.size() * sizeof(mask_t) * kBitsPerByte;
+}
+
+void Keychords::Mask::resize(size_t bit) {
+    auto idx = bit / (kBitsPerByte * sizeof(mask_t));
+    if (idx >= bits_.size()) {
+        bits_.resize(idx + 1, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+Keychords::Mask::operator bool() const {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < bits_.size(); ++i) {
+        if (bits_[i]) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+Keychords::Mask Keychords::Mask::operator&(const Keychords::Mask& rval) const {
+    auto len = std::min(bits_.size(), rval.bits_.size());
+    Keychords::Mask ret;
+    ret.bits_.resize(len);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        ret.bits_[i] = bits_[i] & rval.bits_[i];
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void Keychords::Mask::operator|=(const Keychords::Mask& rval) {
+    auto len = rval.bits_.size();
+    bits_.resize(len);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        bits_[i] |= rval.bits_[i];
+    }
+}
+
+Keychords::Entry::Entry() : notified(false) {}
+
+void Keychords::LambdaCheck() {
+    for (auto& [keycodes, entry] : entries_) {
+        auto found = true;
+        for (auto& code : keycodes) {
+            if (!current_.GetBit(code)) {
+                entry.notified = false;
                 found = false;
                 break;
             }
         }
         if (!found) continue;
-        if (e.notified) continue;
-        e.notified = true;
-        HandleKeychord(e.id);
+        if (entry.notified) continue;
+        entry.notified = true;
+        handler_(keycodes);
     }
 }
 
-void KeychordLambdaHandler(int fd) {
+void Keychords::LambdaHandler(int fd) {
     input_event event;
     auto res = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::read(fd, &event, sizeof(event)));
     if ((res != sizeof(event)) || (event.type != EV_KEY)) return;
-    keychord_current.SetBit(event.code, event.value);
-    KeychordLambdaCheck();
+    current_.SetBit(event.code, event.value);
+    LambdaCheck();
 }
 
-bool KeychordGeteventEnable(int fd) {
-    static bool EviocsmaskSupported = true;
-
+bool Keychords::GeteventEnable(int fd) {
     // Make sure it is an event channel, should pass this ioctl call
     int version;
     if (::ioctl(fd, EVIOCGVERSION, &version)) return false;
 
+#ifdef EVIOCSMASK
+    static auto EviocsmaskSupported = true;
     if (EviocsmaskSupported) {
-        KeychordMask mask(EV_KEY);
+        Keychords::Mask mask(EV_KEY);
         mask.SetBit(EV_KEY);
         input_mask msg = {};
         msg.type = EV_SYN;
@@ -181,21 +154,23 @@
             EviocsmaskSupported = false;
         }
     }
+#endif
 
-    KeychordMask mask;
-    for (auto& e : keychord_entries) {
-        for (auto& code : e.keycodes) {
+    Keychords::Mask mask;
+    for (auto& [keycodes, entry] : entries_) {
+        for (auto& code : keycodes) {
             mask.resize(code);
             mask.SetBit(code);
         }
     }
 
-    keychord_current.resize(mask.size());
-    KeychordMask available(mask.size());
+    current_.resize(mask.size());
+    Keychords::Mask available(mask.size());
     auto res = ::ioctl(fd, EVIOCGBIT(EV_KEY, available.bytesize()), available.data());
     if (res == -1) return false;
     if (!(available & mask)) return false;
 
+#ifdef EVIOCSMASK
     if (EviocsmaskSupported) {
         input_mask msg = {};
         msg.type = EV_KEY;
@@ -203,59 +178,107 @@
         msg.codes_ptr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(mask.data());
         ::ioctl(fd, EVIOCSMASK, &msg);
     }
+#endif
 
-    KeychordMask set(mask.size());
+    Keychords::Mask set(mask.size());
     res = ::ioctl(fd, EVIOCGKEY(res), set.data());
     if (res > 0) {
-        keychord_current |= mask & available & set;
-        KeychordLambdaCheck();
+        current_ |= mask & available & set;
+        LambdaCheck();
     }
-    register_epoll_handler(fd, [fd]() { KeychordLambdaHandler(fd); });
+    epoll_->RegisterHandler(fd, [this, fd]() { this->LambdaHandler(fd); });
     return true;
 }
 
-void GeteventOpenDevice(const std::string& device) {
+void Keychords::GeteventOpenDevice(const std::string& device) {
+    if (registration_.count(device)) return;
     auto fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::open(device.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
     if (fd == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Can not open " << device;
         return;
     }
-    if (!KeychordGeteventEnable(fd)) {
+    if (!GeteventEnable(fd)) {
         ::close(fd);
+    } else {
+        registration_.emplace(device, fd);
     }
 }
 
-void GeteventOpenDevice() {
+void Keychords::GeteventCloseDevice(const std::string& device) {
+    auto it = registration_.find(device);
+    if (it == registration_.end()) return;
+    auto fd = (*it).second;
+    epoll_->UnregisterHandler(fd);
+    registration_.erase(it);
+    ::close(fd);
+}
+
+void Keychords::InotifyHandler() {
+    unsigned char buf[512];  // History shows 32-64 bytes typical
+
+    auto res = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::read(inotify_fd_, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+    if (res < 0) {
+        PLOG(WARNING) << "could not get event";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    auto event_buf = buf;
+    while (static_cast<size_t>(res) >= sizeof(inotify_event)) {
+        auto event = reinterpret_cast<inotify_event*>(event_buf);
+        auto event_size = sizeof(inotify_event) + event->len;
+        if (static_cast<size_t>(res) < event_size) break;
+        if (event->len) {
+            std::string devname(kDevicePath);
+            devname += '/';
+            devname += event->name;
+            if (event->mask & IN_CREATE) {
+                GeteventOpenDevice(devname);
+            } else {
+                GeteventCloseDevice(devname);
+            }
+        }
+        res -= event_size;
+        event_buf += event_size;
+    }
+}
+
+void Keychords::GeteventOpenDevice() {
+    inotify_fd_ = ::inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK | IN_CLOEXEC);
+    if (inotify_fd_ < 0) {
+        PLOG(WARNING) << "Could not instantiate inotify for " << kDevicePath;
+    } else if (::inotify_add_watch(inotify_fd_, kDevicePath, IN_DELETE | IN_CREATE | IN_ONLYDIR) <
+               0) {
+        PLOG(WARNING) << "Could not add watch for " << kDevicePath;
+        ::close(inotify_fd_);
+        inotify_fd_ = -1;
+    }
+
     std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> device(opendir(kDevicePath), closedir);
-    if (!device) return;
+    if (device) {
+        dirent* entry;
+        while ((entry = readdir(device.get()))) {
+            if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') continue;
+            std::string devname(kDevicePath);
+            devname += '/';
+            devname += entry->d_name;
+            GeteventOpenDevice(devname);
+        }
+    }
 
-    dirent* entry;
-    while ((entry = readdir(device.get()))) {
-        if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') continue;
-        std::string devname(kDevicePath);
-        devname += '/';
-        devname += entry->d_name;
-        GeteventOpenDevice(devname);
+    if (inotify_fd_ >= 0) {
+        epoll_->RegisterHandler(inotify_fd_, [this]() { this->InotifyHandler(); });
     }
 }
 
-void AddServiceKeycodes(Service* svc) {
-    if (svc->keycodes().empty()) return;
-    for (auto& code : svc->keycodes()) {
-        if ((code < 0) || (code >= KEY_MAX)) return;
-    }
-    ++keychords_count;
-    keychord_entries.emplace_back(KeychordEntry(svc->keycodes(), keychords_count));
-    svc->set_keychord_id(keychords_count);
+void Keychords::Register(const std::vector<int>& keycodes) {
+    if (keycodes.empty()) return;
+    entries_.try_emplace(keycodes, Entry());
 }
 
-}  // namespace
-
-void KeychordInit() {
-    for (const auto& service : ServiceList::GetInstance()) {
-        AddServiceKeycodes(service.get());
-    }
-    if (keychords_count) GeteventOpenDevice();
+void Keychords::Start(Epoll* epoll, std::function<void(const std::vector<int>&)> handler) {
+    epoll_ = epoll;
+    handler_ = handler;
+    if (entries_.size()) GeteventOpenDevice();
 }
 
 }  // namespace init
diff --git a/init/keychords.h b/init/keychords.h
index 689a3b5..00ed205 100644
--- a/init/keychords.h
+++ b/init/keychords.h
@@ -17,12 +17,81 @@
 #ifndef _INIT_KEYCHORDS_H_
 #define _INIT_KEYCHORDS_H_
 
-#include "service.h"
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "epoll.h"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-void KeychordInit();
+class Keychords {
+  public:
+    Keychords();
+    Keychords(const Keychords&) = delete;
+    Keychords(Keychords&&) = delete;
+    Keychords& operator=(const Keychords&) = delete;
+    Keychords& operator=(Keychords&&) = delete;
+    ~Keychords() noexcept;
+
+    void Register(const std::vector<int>& keycodes);
+    void Start(Epoll* epoll, std::function<void(const std::vector<int>&)> handler);
+
+  private:
+    // Bit management
+    class Mask {
+      public:
+        explicit Mask(size_t bit = 0);
+
+        void SetBit(size_t bit, bool value = true);
+        bool GetBit(size_t bit) const;
+
+        size_t bytesize() const;
+        void* data();
+        size_t size() const;
+        void resize(size_t bit);
+
+        operator bool() const;
+        Mask operator&(const Mask& rval) const;
+        void operator|=(const Mask& rval);
+
+      private:
+        typedef unsigned int mask_t;
+        static constexpr size_t kBitsPerByte = 8;
+
+        std::vector<mask_t> bits_;
+    };
+
+    struct Entry {
+        Entry();
+
+        bool notified;
+    };
+
+    static constexpr char kDevicePath[] = "/dev/input";
+
+    void LambdaCheck();
+    void LambdaHandler(int fd);
+    void InotifyHandler();
+
+    bool GeteventEnable(int fd);
+    void GeteventOpenDevice(const std::string& device);
+    void GeteventOpenDevice();
+    void GeteventCloseDevice(const std::string& device);
+
+    Epoll* epoll_;
+    std::function<void(const std::vector<int>&)> handler_;
+
+    std::map<std::string, int> registration_;
+
+    std::map<const std::vector<int>, Entry> entries_;
+
+    Mask current_;
+
+    int inotify_fd_;
+};
 
 }  // namespace init
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/keychords_test.cpp b/init/keychords_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8c47a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/keychords_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "keychords.h"
+
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/input.h>
+#include <linux/uinput.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "epoll.h"
+
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+namespace {
+
+// This class is used to inject keys.
+class EventHandler {
+  public:
+    EventHandler();
+    EventHandler(const EventHandler&) = delete;
+    EventHandler(EventHandler&&);
+    EventHandler& operator=(const EventHandler&) = delete;
+    EventHandler& operator=(EventHandler&&);
+    ~EventHandler() noexcept;
+
+    bool init();
+
+    bool send(struct input_event& e);
+    bool send(uint16_t type, uint16_t code, uint16_t value);
+    bool send(uint16_t code, bool value);
+
+  private:
+    int fd_;
+};
+
+EventHandler::EventHandler() : fd_(-1) {}
+
+EventHandler::EventHandler(EventHandler&& rval) : fd_(rval.fd_) {
+    rval.fd_ = -1;
+}
+
+EventHandler& EventHandler::operator=(EventHandler&& rval) {
+    fd_ = rval.fd_;
+    rval.fd_ = -1;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+EventHandler::~EventHandler() {
+    if (fd_ == -1) return;
+    ::ioctl(fd_, UI_DEV_DESTROY);
+    ::close(fd_);
+}
+
+bool EventHandler::init() {
+    if (fd_ != -1) return true;
+    auto fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::open("/dev/uinput", O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK | O_CLOEXEC));
+    if (fd == -1) return false;
+    if (::ioctl(fd, UI_SET_EVBIT, EV_KEY) == -1) {
+        ::close(fd);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static const struct uinput_user_dev u = {
+        .name = "com.google.android.init.test",
+        .id.bustype = BUS_VIRTUAL,
+        .id.vendor = 0x1AE0,   // Google
+        .id.product = 0x494E,  // IN
+        .id.version = 1,
+    };
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::write(fd, &u, sizeof(u))) != sizeof(u)) {
+        ::close(fd);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // all keys
+    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < KEY_MAX; ++i) {
+        if (::ioctl(fd, UI_SET_KEYBIT, i) == -1) {
+            ::close(fd);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    if (::ioctl(fd, UI_DEV_CREATE) == -1) {
+        ::close(fd);
+        return false;
+    }
+    fd_ = fd;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool EventHandler::send(struct input_event& e) {
+    gettimeofday(&e.time, nullptr);
+    return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(::write(fd_, &e, sizeof(e))) == sizeof(e);
+}
+
+bool EventHandler::send(uint16_t type, uint16_t code, uint16_t value) {
+    struct input_event e = {.type = type, .code = code, .value = value};
+    return send(e);
+}
+
+bool EventHandler::send(uint16_t code, bool value) {
+    return (code < KEY_MAX) && init() && send(EV_KEY, code, value) && send(EV_SYN, SYN_REPORT, 0);
+}
+
+std::string InitFds(const char* prefix, pid_t pid = getpid()) {
+    std::string ret;
+
+    std::string init_fds("/proc/");
+    init_fds += std::to_string(pid) + "/fd";
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> fds(opendir(init_fds.c_str()), closedir);
+    if (!fds) return ret;
+
+    dirent* entry;
+    while ((entry = readdir(fds.get()))) {
+        if (entry->d_name[0] == '.') continue;
+        std::string devname = init_fds + '/' + entry->d_name;
+        char buf[256];
+        auto retval = readlink(devname.c_str(), buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
+        if ((retval < 0) || (size_t(retval) >= (sizeof(buf) - 1))) continue;
+        buf[retval] = '\0';
+        if (!android::base::StartsWith(buf, prefix)) continue;
+        if (ret.size() != 0) ret += ",";
+        ret += buf;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+std::string InitInputFds() {
+    return InitFds("/dev/input/");
+}
+
+std::string InitInotifyFds() {
+    return InitFds("anon_inode:inotify");
+}
+
+// NB: caller (this series of tests, or conversely the service parser in init)
+// is responsible for validation, sorting and uniqueness of the chords, so no
+// fuzzing is advised.
+
+const std::vector<int> escape_chord = {KEY_ESC};
+const std::vector<int> triple1_chord = {KEY_BACKSPACE, KEY_VOLUMEDOWN, KEY_VOLUMEUP};
+const std::vector<int> triple2_chord = {KEY_VOLUMEDOWN, KEY_VOLUMEUP, KEY_BACK};
+
+const std::vector<const std::vector<int>> empty_chords;
+const std::vector<const std::vector<int>> chords = {
+    escape_chord,
+    triple1_chord,
+    triple2_chord,
+};
+
+class TestFrame {
+  public:
+    TestFrame(const std::vector<const std::vector<int>>& chords, EventHandler* ev = nullptr);
+
+    void RelaxForMs(std::chrono::milliseconds wait = 1ms);
+
+    void SetChord(int key, bool value = true);
+    void SetChords(const std::vector<int>& chord, bool value = true);
+    void ClrChord(int key);
+    void ClrChords(const std::vector<int>& chord);
+
+    bool IsOnlyChord(const std::vector<int>& chord) const;
+    bool IsNoChord() const;
+    bool IsChord(const std::vector<int>& chord) const;
+    void WaitForChord(const std::vector<int>& chord);
+
+    std::string Format() const;
+
+  private:
+    static std::string Format(const std::vector<const std::vector<int>>& chords);
+
+    Epoll epoll_;
+    Keychords keychords_;
+    std::vector<const std::vector<int>> keycodes_;
+    EventHandler* ev_;
+};
+
+TestFrame::TestFrame(const std::vector<const std::vector<int>>& chords, EventHandler* ev)
+    : ev_(ev) {
+    if (!epoll_.Open()) return;
+    for (const auto& keycodes : chords) keychords_.Register(keycodes);
+    keychords_.Start(&epoll_, [this](const std::vector<int>& keycodes) {
+        this->keycodes_.emplace_back(keycodes);
+    });
+}
+
+void TestFrame::RelaxForMs(std::chrono::milliseconds wait) {
+    epoll_.Wait(wait);
+}
+
+void TestFrame::SetChord(int key, bool value) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(!!ev_);
+    RelaxForMs();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ev_->send(key, value));
+}
+
+void TestFrame::SetChords(const std::vector<int>& chord, bool value) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(!!ev_);
+    for (auto& key : chord) SetChord(key, value);
+    RelaxForMs();
+}
+
+void TestFrame::ClrChord(int key) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(!!ev_);
+    SetChord(key, false);
+}
+
+void TestFrame::ClrChords(const std::vector<int>& chord) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(!!ev_);
+    SetChords(chord, false);
+}
+
+bool TestFrame::IsOnlyChord(const std::vector<int>& chord) const {
+    auto ret = false;
+    for (const auto& keycode : keycodes_) {
+        if (keycode != chord) return false;
+        ret = true;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+bool TestFrame::IsNoChord() const {
+    return keycodes_.empty();
+}
+
+bool TestFrame::IsChord(const std::vector<int>& chord) const {
+    for (const auto& keycode : keycodes_) {
+        if (keycode == chord) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void TestFrame::WaitForChord(const std::vector<int>& chord) {
+    for (int retry = 1000; retry && !IsChord(chord); --retry) RelaxForMs();
+}
+
+std::string TestFrame::Format(const std::vector<const std::vector<int>>& chords) {
+    std::string ret("{");
+    if (!chords.empty()) {
+        ret += android::base::Join(chords.front(), ' ');
+        for (auto it = std::next(chords.begin()); it != chords.end(); ++it) {
+            ret += ',';
+            ret += android::base::Join(*it, ' ');
+        }
+    }
+    return ret + '}';
+}
+
+std::string TestFrame::Format() const {
+    return Format(keycodes_);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+TEST(keychords, not_instantiated) {
+    TestFrame test_frame(empty_chords);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(InitInotifyFds().size() == 0);
+}
+
+TEST(keychords, instantiated) {
+    // Test if a valid set of chords results in proper instantiation of the
+    // underlying mechanisms for /dev/input/ attachment.
+    TestFrame test_frame(chords);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(InitInotifyFds().size() != 0);
+}
+
+TEST(keychords, init_inotify) {
+    std::string before(InitInputFds());
+
+    TestFrame test_frame(chords);
+
+    EventHandler ev;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ev.init());
+
+    for (int retry = 1000; retry && before == InitInputFds(); --retry) test_frame.RelaxForMs();
+    std::string after(InitInputFds());
+    EXPECT_NE(before, after);
+}
+
+TEST(keychords, key) {
+    EventHandler ev;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ev.init());
+    TestFrame test_frame(chords, &ev);
+
+    test_frame.SetChords(escape_chord);
+    test_frame.WaitForChord(escape_chord);
+    test_frame.ClrChords(escape_chord);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(test_frame.IsOnlyChord(escape_chord))
+        << "expected only " << android::base::Join(escape_chord, ' ') << " got "
+        << test_frame.Format();
+}
+
+TEST(keychords, keys_in_series) {
+    EventHandler ev;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ev.init());
+    TestFrame test_frame(chords, &ev);
+
+    for (auto& key : triple1_chord) {
+        test_frame.SetChord(key);
+        test_frame.ClrChord(key);
+    }
+    test_frame.WaitForChord(triple1_chord);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(test_frame.IsNoChord()) << "expected nothing got " << test_frame.Format();
+}
+
+TEST(keychords, keys_in_parallel) {
+    EventHandler ev;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ev.init());
+    TestFrame test_frame(chords, &ev);
+
+    test_frame.SetChords(triple2_chord);
+    test_frame.WaitForChord(triple2_chord);
+    test_frame.ClrChords(triple2_chord);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(test_frame.IsOnlyChord(triple2_chord))
+        << "expected only " << android::base::Join(triple2_chord, ' ') << " got "
+        << test_frame.Format();
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/parser.cpp b/init/parser.cpp
index 4453aaa..ee6ee06 100644
--- a/init/parser.cpp
+++ b/init/parser.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     line_callbacks_.emplace_back(prefix, callback);
 }
 
-void Parser::ParseData(const std::string& filename, const std::string& data, size_t* parse_errors) {
+void Parser::ParseData(const std::string& filename, const std::string& data) {
     // TODO: Use a parser with const input and remove this copy
     std::vector<char> data_copy(data.begin(), data.end());
     data_copy.push_back('\0');
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
         if (section_parser == nullptr) return;
 
         if (auto result = section_parser->EndSection(); !result) {
-            (*parse_errors)++;
+            parse_error_count_++;
             LOG(ERROR) << filename << ": " << section_start_line << ": " << result.error();
         }
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
                         end_section();
 
                         if (auto result = callback(std::move(args)); !result) {
-                            (*parse_errors)++;
+                            parse_error_count_++;
                             LOG(ERROR) << filename << ": " << state.line << ": " << result.error();
                         }
                         break;
@@ -94,16 +94,20 @@
                     if (auto result =
                             section_parser->ParseSection(std::move(args), filename, state.line);
                         !result) {
-                        (*parse_errors)++;
+                        parse_error_count_++;
                         LOG(ERROR) << filename << ": " << state.line << ": " << result.error();
                         section_parser = nullptr;
                     }
                 } else if (section_parser) {
                     if (auto result = section_parser->ParseLineSection(std::move(args), state.line);
                         !result) {
-                        (*parse_errors)++;
+                        parse_error_count_++;
                         LOG(ERROR) << filename << ": " << state.line << ": " << result.error();
                     }
+                } else {
+                    parse_error_count_++;
+                    LOG(ERROR) << filename << ": " << state.line
+                               << ": Invalid section keyword found";
                 }
                 args.clear();
                 break;
@@ -114,17 +118,17 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool Parser::ParseConfigFile(const std::string& path, size_t* parse_errors) {
+bool Parser::ParseConfigFile(const std::string& path) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Parsing file " << path << "...";
     android::base::Timer t;
     auto config_contents = ReadFile(path);
     if (!config_contents) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to read config file '" << path << "': " << config_contents.error();
+        LOG(INFO) << "Unable to read config file '" << path << "': " << config_contents.error();
         return false;
     }
 
     config_contents->push_back('\n');  // TODO: fix parse_config.
-    ParseData(path, *config_contents, parse_errors);
+    ParseData(path, *config_contents);
     for (const auto& [section_name, section_parser] : section_parsers_) {
         section_parser->EndFile();
     }
@@ -133,11 +137,11 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool Parser::ParseConfigDir(const std::string& path, size_t* parse_errors) {
+bool Parser::ParseConfigDir(const std::string& path) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Parsing directory " << path << "...";
     std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> config_dir(opendir(path.c_str()), closedir);
     if (!config_dir) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Could not import directory '" << path << "'";
+        PLOG(INFO) << "Could not import directory '" << path << "'";
         return false;
     }
     dirent* current_file;
@@ -153,7 +157,7 @@
     // Sort first so we load files in a consistent order (bug 31996208)
     std::sort(files.begin(), files.end());
     for (const auto& file : files) {
-        if (!ParseConfigFile(file, parse_errors)) {
+        if (!ParseConfigFile(file)) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "could not import file '" << file << "'";
         }
     }
@@ -161,16 +165,10 @@
 }
 
 bool Parser::ParseConfig(const std::string& path) {
-    size_t parse_errors;
-    return ParseConfig(path, &parse_errors);
-}
-
-bool Parser::ParseConfig(const std::string& path, size_t* parse_errors) {
-    *parse_errors = 0;
     if (is_dir(path.c_str())) {
-        return ParseConfigDir(path, parse_errors);
+        return ParseConfigDir(path);
     }
-    return ParseConfigFile(path, parse_errors);
+    return ParseConfigFile(path);
 }
 
 }  // namespace init
diff --git a/init/parser.h b/init/parser.h
index f6e237f..3501d8c 100644
--- a/init/parser.h
+++ b/init/parser.h
@@ -72,17 +72,19 @@
     Parser();
 
     bool ParseConfig(const std::string& path);
-    bool ParseConfig(const std::string& path, size_t* parse_errors);
     void AddSectionParser(const std::string& name, std::unique_ptr<SectionParser> parser);
     void AddSingleLineParser(const std::string& prefix, LineCallback callback);
 
+    size_t parse_error_count() const { return parse_error_count_; }
+
   private:
-    void ParseData(const std::string& filename, const std::string& data, size_t* parse_errors);
-    bool ParseConfigFile(const std::string& path, size_t* parse_errors);
-    bool ParseConfigDir(const std::string& path, size_t* parse_errors);
+    void ParseData(const std::string& filename, const std::string& data);
+    bool ParseConfigFile(const std::string& path);
+    bool ParseConfigDir(const std::string& path);
 
     std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<SectionParser>> section_parsers_;
     std::vector<std::pair<std::string, LineCallback>> line_callbacks_;
+    size_t parse_error_count_ = 0;
 };
 
 }  // namespace init
diff --git a/init/property_service.cpp b/init/property_service.cpp
index c3100a5..d1c427d 100644
--- a/init/property_service.cpp
+++ b/init/property_service.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 #include <selinux/label.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
+#include "epoll.h"
 #include "init.h"
 #include "persistent_properties.h"
 #include "property_type.h"
@@ -65,7 +66,6 @@
 
 using namespace std::literals;
 
-using android::base::GetIntProperty;
 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
 using android::base::Split;
 using android::base::StartsWith;
@@ -95,6 +95,11 @@
 
 void CreateSerializedPropertyInfo();
 
+struct PropertyAuditData {
+    const ucred* cr;
+    const char* name;
+};
+
 void property_init() {
     mkdir("/dev/__properties__", S_IRWXU | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH);
     CreateSerializedPropertyInfo();
@@ -111,7 +116,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    property_audit_data audit_data;
+    PropertyAuditData audit_data;
 
     audit_data.name = name.c_str();
     audit_data.cr = &cr;
@@ -372,6 +377,7 @@
 
             int result = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(recv(socket_, data, bytes_left, MSG_DONTWAIT));
             if (result <= 0) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "sys_prop: recv error";
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -379,6 +385,10 @@
             data += result;
         }
 
+        if (bytes_left != 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "sys_prop: recv data is not properly obtained.";
+        }
+
         return bytes_left == 0;
     }
 
@@ -388,6 +398,35 @@
     DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(SocketConnection);
 };
 
+bool CheckControlPropertyPerms(const std::string& name, const std::string& value,
+                               const std::string& source_context, const ucred& cr) {
+    // We check the legacy method first but these properties are dontaudit, so we only log an audit
+    // if the newer method fails as well.  We only do this with the legacy ctl. properties.
+    if (name == "ctl.start" || name == "ctl.stop" || name == "ctl.restart") {
+        // The legacy permissions model is that ctl. properties have their name ctl.<action> and
+        // their value is the name of the service to apply that action to.  Permissions for these
+        // actions are based on the service, so we must create a fake name of ctl.<service> to
+        // check permissions.
+        auto control_string_legacy = "ctl." + value;
+        const char* target_context_legacy = nullptr;
+        const char* type_legacy = nullptr;
+        property_info_area->GetPropertyInfo(control_string_legacy.c_str(), &target_context_legacy,
+                                            &type_legacy);
+
+        if (CheckMacPerms(control_string_legacy, target_context_legacy, source_context.c_str(), cr)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    auto control_string_full = name + "$" + value;
+    const char* target_context_full = nullptr;
+    const char* type_full = nullptr;
+    property_info_area->GetPropertyInfo(control_string_full.c_str(), &target_context_full,
+                                        &type_full);
+
+    return CheckMacPerms(control_string_full, target_context_full, source_context.c_str(), cr);
+}
+
 // This returns one of the enum of PROP_SUCCESS or PROP_ERROR*.
 uint32_t HandlePropertySet(const std::string& name, const std::string& value,
                            const std::string& source_context, const ucred& cr, std::string* error) {
@@ -397,15 +436,9 @@
     }
 
     if (StartsWith(name, "ctl.")) {
-        // ctl. properties have their name ctl.<action> and their value is the name of the service
-        // to apply that action to.  Permissions for these actions are based on the service, so we
-        // must create a fake name of ctl.<service> to check permissions.
-        auto control_string = "ctl." + value;
-        const char* target_context = nullptr;
-        const char* type = nullptr;
-        property_info_area->GetPropertyInfo(control_string.c_str(), &target_context, &type);
-        if (!CheckMacPerms(control_string, target_context, source_context.c_str(), cr)) {
-            *error = StringPrintf("Unable to '%s' service %s", name.c_str() + 4, value.c_str());
+        if (!CheckControlPropertyPerms(name, value, source_context, cr)) {
+            *error = StringPrintf("Invalid permissions to perform '%s' on '%s'", name.c_str() + 4,
+                                  value.c_str());
             return PROP_ERROR_HANDLE_CONTROL_MESSAGE;
         }
 
@@ -737,7 +770,7 @@
 }
 
 static int SelinuxAuditCallback(void* data, security_class_t /*cls*/, char* buf, size_t len) {
-    property_audit_data* d = reinterpret_cast<property_audit_data*>(data);
+    auto* d = reinterpret_cast<PropertyAuditData*>(data);
 
     if (!d || !d->name || !d->cr) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "AuditCallback invoked with null data arguments!";
@@ -809,7 +842,7 @@
     selinux_android_restorecon(kPropertyInfosPath, 0);
 }
 
-void start_property_service() {
+void StartPropertyService(Epoll* epoll) {
     selinux_callback cb;
     cb.func_audit = SelinuxAuditCallback;
     selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb);
@@ -824,7 +857,9 @@
 
     listen(property_set_fd, 8);
 
-    register_epoll_handler(property_set_fd, handle_property_set_fd);
+    if (auto result = epoll->RegisterHandler(property_set_fd, handle_property_set_fd); !result) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << result.error();
+    }
 }
 
 }  // namespace init
diff --git a/init/property_service.h b/init/property_service.h
index 29eaaa9..cacd987 100644
--- a/init/property_service.h
+++ b/init/property_service.h
@@ -21,14 +21,11 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
+#include "epoll.h"
+
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-struct property_audit_data {
-    const ucred* cr;
-    const char* name;
-};
-
 extern uint32_t (*property_set)(const std::string& name, const std::string& value);
 
 uint32_t HandlePropertySet(const std::string& name, const std::string& value,
@@ -40,7 +37,7 @@
 void property_load_boot_defaults(void);
 void load_persist_props(void);
 void load_system_props(void);
-void start_property_service(void);
+void StartPropertyService(Epoll* epoll);
 
 }  // namespace init
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/service.cpp b/init/service.cpp
index 03c2cee..565cae7 100644
--- a/init/service.cpp
+++ b/init/service.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
+#include <linux/input.h>
 #include <linux/securebits.h>
 #include <sched.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
@@ -32,8 +33,10 @@
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <hidl-util/FQName.h>
 #include <processgroup/processgroup.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
@@ -45,8 +48,6 @@
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
 #include <sys/system_properties.h>
 
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-
 #include "init.h"
 #include "property_service.h"
 #else
@@ -59,13 +60,13 @@
 using android::base::ParseInt;
 using android::base::StartsWith;
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
+using android::base::unique_fd;
 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-static Result<std::string> ComputeContextFromExecutable(std::string& service_name,
-                                                        const std::string& service_path) {
+static Result<std::string> ComputeContextFromExecutable(const std::string& service_path) {
     std::string computed_context;
 
     char* raw_con = nullptr;
@@ -101,36 +102,49 @@
     return computed_context;
 }
 
-static void SetUpPidNamespace(const std::string& service_name) {
+Result<Success> Service::SetUpMountNamespace() const {
     constexpr unsigned int kSafeFlags = MS_NODEV | MS_NOEXEC | MS_NOSUID;
 
-    // It's OK to LOG(FATAL) in this function since it's running in the first
-    // child process.
-
     // Recursively remount / as slave like zygote does so unmounting and mounting /proc
     // doesn't interfere with the parent namespace's /proc mount. This will also
     // prevent any other mounts/unmounts initiated by the service from interfering
     // with the parent namespace but will still allow mount events from the parent
     // namespace to propagate to the child.
     if (mount("rootfs", "/", nullptr, (MS_SLAVE | MS_REC), nullptr) == -1) {
-        PLOG(FATAL) << "couldn't remount(/) recursively as slave for " << service_name;
-    }
-    // umount() then mount() /proc.
-    // Note that it is not sufficient to mount with MS_REMOUNT.
-    if (umount("/proc") == -1) {
-        PLOG(FATAL) << "couldn't umount(/proc) for " << service_name;
-    }
-    if (mount("", "/proc", "proc", kSafeFlags, "") == -1) {
-        PLOG(FATAL) << "couldn't mount(/proc) for " << service_name;
+        return ErrnoError() << "Could not remount(/) recursively as slave";
     }
 
-    if (prctl(PR_SET_NAME, service_name.c_str()) == -1) {
-        PLOG(FATAL) << "couldn't set name for " << service_name;
+    // umount() then mount() /proc and/or /sys
+    // Note that it is not sufficient to mount with MS_REMOUNT.
+    if (namespace_flags_ & CLONE_NEWPID) {
+        if (umount("/proc") == -1) {
+            return ErrnoError() << "Could not umount(/proc)";
+        }
+        if (mount("", "/proc", "proc", kSafeFlags, "") == -1) {
+            return ErrnoError() << "Could not mount(/proc)";
+        }
+    }
+    bool remount_sys = std::any_of(namespaces_to_enter_.begin(), namespaces_to_enter_.end(),
+                                   [](const auto& entry) { return entry.first == CLONE_NEWNET; });
+    if (remount_sys) {
+        if (umount2("/sys", MNT_DETACH) == -1) {
+            return ErrnoError() << "Could not umount(/sys)";
+        }
+        if (mount("", "/sys", "sys", kSafeFlags, "") == -1) {
+            return ErrnoError() << "Could not mount(/sys)";
+        }
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+Result<Success> Service::SetUpPidNamespace() const {
+    if (prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name_.c_str()) == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "Could not set name";
     }
 
     pid_t child_pid = fork();
     if (child_pid == -1) {
-        PLOG(FATAL) << "couldn't fork init inside the PID namespace for " << service_name;
+        return ErrnoError() << "Could not fork init inside the PID namespace";
     }
 
     if (child_pid > 0) {
@@ -153,6 +167,20 @@
         }
         _exit(WEXITSTATUS(init_exitstatus));
     }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+Result<Success> Service::EnterNamespaces() const {
+    for (const auto& [nstype, path] : namespaces_to_enter_) {
+        auto fd = unique_fd{open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)};
+        if (!fd) {
+            return ErrnoError() << "Could not open namespace at " << path;
+        }
+        if (setns(fd, nstype) == -1) {
+            return ErrnoError() << "Could not setns() namespace at " << path;
+        }
+    }
+    return Success();
 }
 
 static bool ExpandArgsAndExecv(const std::vector<std::string>& args, bool sigstop) {
@@ -200,7 +228,6 @@
       seclabel_(seclabel),
       onrestart_(false, subcontext_for_restart_commands, "<Service '" + name + "' onrestart>", 0,
                  "onrestart", {}),
-      keychord_id_(0),
       ioprio_class_(IoSchedClass_NONE),
       ioprio_pri_(0),
       priority_(0),
@@ -422,6 +449,20 @@
     return Success();
 }
 
+Result<Success> Service::ParseEnterNamespace(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    if (args[1] != "net") {
+        return Error() << "Init only supports entering network namespaces";
+    }
+    if (!namespaces_to_enter_.empty()) {
+        return Error() << "Only one network namespace may be entered";
+    }
+    // Network namespaces require that /sys is remounted, otherwise the old adapters will still be
+    // present. Therefore, they also require mount namespaces.
+    namespace_flags_ |= CLONE_NEWNS;
+    namespaces_to_enter_.emplace_back(CLONE_NEWNET, args[2]);
+    return Success();
+}
+
 Result<Success> Service::ParseGroup(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
     auto gid = DecodeUid(args[1]);
     if (!gid) {
@@ -502,10 +543,13 @@
 Result<Success> Service::ParseKeycodes(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
     for (std::size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); i++) {
         int code;
-        if (ParseInt(args[i], &code)) {
-            keycodes_.emplace_back(code);
+        if (ParseInt(args[i], &code, 0, KEY_MAX)) {
+            for (auto& key : keycodes_) {
+                if (key == code) return Error() << "duplicate keycode: " << args[i];
+            }
+            keycodes_.insert(std::upper_bound(keycodes_.begin(), keycodes_.end(), code), code);
         } else {
-            LOG(WARNING) << "ignoring invalid keycode: " << args[i];
+            return Error() << "invalid keycode: " << args[i];
         }
     }
     return Success();
@@ -691,6 +735,8 @@
         {"console",     {0,     1,    &Service::ParseConsole}},
         {"critical",    {0,     0,    &Service::ParseCritical}},
         {"disabled",    {0,     0,    &Service::ParseDisabled}},
+        {"enter_namespace",
+                        {2,     2,    &Service::ParseEnterNamespace}},
         {"file",        {2,     2,    &Service::ParseFile}},
         {"group",       {1,     NR_SVC_SUPP_GIDS + 1, &Service::ParseGroup}},
         {"interface",   {2,     2,    &Service::ParseInterface}},
@@ -793,7 +839,7 @@
     if (!seclabel_.empty()) {
         scon = seclabel_;
     } else {
-        auto result = ComputeContextFromExecutable(name_, args_[0]);
+        auto result = ComputeContextFromExecutable(args_[0]);
         if (!result) {
             return result.error();
         }
@@ -812,10 +858,24 @@
     if (pid == 0) {
         umask(077);
 
+        if (auto result = EnterNamespaces(); !result) {
+            LOG(FATAL) << "Service '" << name_ << "' could not enter namespaces: " << result.error();
+        }
+
+        if (namespace_flags_ & CLONE_NEWNS) {
+            if (auto result = SetUpMountNamespace(); !result) {
+                LOG(FATAL) << "Service '" << name_
+                           << "' could not set up mount namespace: " << result.error();
+            }
+        }
+
         if (namespace_flags_ & CLONE_NEWPID) {
             // This will fork again to run an init process inside the PID
             // namespace.
-            SetUpPidNamespace(name_);
+            if (auto result = SetUpPidNamespace(); !result) {
+                LOG(FATAL) << "Service '" << name_
+                           << "' could not set up PID namespace: " << result.error();
+            }
         }
 
         for (const auto& [key, value] : environment_vars_) {
diff --git a/init/service.h b/init/service.h
index cf38f69..ea79a07 100644
--- a/init/service.h
+++ b/init/service.h
@@ -108,8 +108,6 @@
     const std::vector<gid_t>& supp_gids() const { return supp_gids_; }
     const std::string& seclabel() const { return seclabel_; }
     const std::vector<int>& keycodes() const { return keycodes_; }
-    int keychord_id() const { return keychord_id_; }
-    void set_keychord_id(int keychord_id) { keychord_id_ = keychord_id; }
     IoSchedClass ioprio_class() const { return ioprio_class_; }
     int ioprio_pri() const { return ioprio_pri_; }
     const std::set<std::string>& interfaces() const { return interfaces_; }
@@ -125,6 +123,9 @@
     using OptionParser = Result<Success> (Service::*)(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     class OptionParserMap;
 
+    Result<Success> SetUpMountNamespace() const;
+    Result<Success> SetUpPidNamespace() const;
+    Result<Success> EnterNamespaces() const;
     void NotifyStateChange(const std::string& new_state) const;
     void StopOrReset(int how);
     void ZapStdio() const;
@@ -137,6 +138,7 @@
     Result<Success> ParseConsole(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseCritical(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseDisabled(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
+    Result<Success> ParseEnterNamespace(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseGroup(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParsePriority(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseInterface(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
@@ -181,6 +183,8 @@
     std::vector<gid_t> supp_gids_;
     CapSet capabilities_;
     unsigned namespace_flags_;
+    // Pair of namespace type, path to namespace.
+    std::vector<std::pair<int, std::string>> namespaces_to_enter_;
 
     std::string seclabel_;
 
@@ -193,9 +197,8 @@
 
     std::set<std::string> interfaces_;  // e.g. some.package.foo@1.0::IBaz/instance-name
 
-    // keycodes for triggering this service via /dev/keychord
+    // keycodes for triggering this service via /dev/input/input*
     std::vector<int> keycodes_;
-    int keychord_id_;
 
     IoSchedClass ioprio_class_;
     int ioprio_pri_;
@@ -244,6 +247,16 @@
         return nullptr;
     }
 
+    Service* FindInterface(const std::string& interface_name) {
+        for (const auto& svc : services_) {
+            if (svc->interfaces().count(interface_name) > 0) {
+                return svc.get();
+            }
+        }
+
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
     void DumpState() const;
 
     auto begin() const { return services_.begin(); }
diff --git a/init/service_test.cpp b/init/service_test.cpp
index b43c2e9..194aa2b 100644
--- a/init/service_test.cpp
+++ b/init/service_test.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, service_in_old_memory->uid());
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, service_in_old_memory->gid());
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, service_in_old_memory->namespace_flags());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, service_in_old_memory->keychord_id());
     EXPECT_EQ(IoSchedClass_NONE, service_in_old_memory->ioprio_class());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, service_in_old_memory->ioprio_pri());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, service_in_old_memory->priority());
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, service_in_old_memory2->uid());
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, service_in_old_memory2->gid());
     EXPECT_EQ(0U, service_in_old_memory2->namespace_flags());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, service_in_old_memory2->keychord_id());
     EXPECT_EQ(IoSchedClass_NONE, service_in_old_memory2->ioprio_class());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, service_in_old_memory2->ioprio_pri());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, service_in_old_memory2->priority());
diff --git a/init/subcontext.cpp b/init/subcontext.cpp
index fdb4641..267d530 100644
--- a/init/subcontext.cpp
+++ b/init/subcontext.cpp
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@
 #include "util.h"
 
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-
 #include "property_service.h"
 #include "selinux.h"
 #else
@@ -39,7 +37,6 @@
 #endif
 
 using android::base::GetExecutablePath;
-using android::base::GetIntProperty;
 using android::base::Join;
 using android::base::Socketpair;
 using android::base::Split;
diff --git a/init/ueventd.cpp b/init/ueventd.cpp
index 1435d82..a284203 100644
--- a/init/ueventd.cpp
+++ b/init/ueventd.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <fstab/fstab.h>
 #include <selinux/android.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
@@ -242,8 +243,9 @@
     std::string hardware = android::base::GetProperty("ro.hardware", "");
     parser.ParseConfig("/ueventd." + hardware + ".rc");
 
+    auto boot_devices = fs_mgr_get_boot_devices();
     return DeviceHandler(std::move(dev_permissions), std::move(sysfs_permissions),
-                         std::move(subsystems), true);
+                         std::move(subsystems), std::move(boot_devices), true);
 }
 
 int ueventd_main(int argc, char** argv) {
diff --git a/init/util.cpp b/init/util.cpp
index 4455b2e..5f2b87d 100644
--- a/init/util.cpp
+++ b/init/util.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
@@ -43,8 +44,6 @@
 #include "reboot.h"
 
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
-
 #include "selinux.h"
 #else
 #include "host_init_stubs.h"
diff --git a/libasyncio/Android.bp b/libasyncio/Android.bp
index 8a2afea..4ab439d 100644
--- a/libasyncio/Android.bp
+++ b/libasyncio/Android.bp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     name: "libasyncio",
     defaults: ["libasyncio_defaults"],
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "AsyncIO.cpp",
diff --git a/libbacktrace/Android.bp b/libbacktrace/Android.bp
index 11b8144..b4bf35f 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/Android.bp
+++ b/libbacktrace/Android.bp
@@ -51,12 +51,14 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libbacktrace_headers",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 }
 
 cc_library {
     name: "libbacktrace",
     vendor_available: false,
+    recovery_available: true,
     vndk: {
         enabled: true,
         support_system_process: true,
@@ -91,15 +93,16 @@
                 "libdexfile",
             ],
 
-            static_libs: ["libcutils"],
+            static_libs: [
+                "libcutils",
+                "libprocinfo",
+            ],
 
             // libdexfile will eventually properly export headers, for now
             // include these directly.
             include_dirs: [
                 "art/runtime",
             ],
-
-            header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
         },
         android: {
             static_libs: ["libasync_safe"],
@@ -108,6 +111,10 @@
             cflags: ["-DNO_LIBDEXFILE_SUPPORT"],
             exclude_shared_libs: ["libdexfile"],
         },
+        recovery: {
+            cflags: ["-DNO_LIBDEXFILE_SUPPORT"],
+            exclude_shared_libs: ["libdexfile"],
+        },
     },
     whole_static_libs: ["libdemangle"],
 }
diff --git a/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp b/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp
index bdae140..399721d 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
 #include <backtrace/Backtrace.h>
 #include <backtrace/BacktraceMap.h>
 #include <backtrace/backtrace_constants.h>
+#if defined(__linux__)
+#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "thread_utils.h"
 
@@ -60,27 +63,19 @@
   *map = {};
 }
 
-bool BacktraceMap::ParseLine(const char* line, backtrace_map_t* map) {
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+static bool ParseLine(const char* line, backtrace_map_t* map) {
   uint64_t start;
   uint64_t end;
   char permissions[5];
   int name_pos;
 
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
 // Mac OS vmmap(1) output:
 // __TEXT                 0009f000-000a1000 [    8K     8K] r-x/rwx SM=COW  /Volumes/android/dalvik-dev/out/host/darwin-x86/bin/libcorkscrew_test\n
 // 012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
 // 0         1         2         3         4         5
   if (sscanf(line, "%*21c %" SCNx64 "-%" SCNx64 " [%*13c] %3c/%*3c SM=%*3c  %n",
              &start, &end, permissions, &name_pos) != 3) {
-#else
-// Linux /proc/<pid>/maps lines:
-// 6f000000-6f01e000 rwxp 00000000 00:0c 16389419   /system/lib/libcomposer.so\n
-// 012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
-// 0         1         2         3         4         5
-  if (sscanf(line, "%" SCNx64 "-%" SCNx64 " %4s %*x %*x:%*x %*d %n",
-             &start, &end, permissions, &name_pos) != 3) {
-#endif
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -107,24 +102,15 @@
         map->flags, map->name.c_str());
   return true;
 }
+#endif  // defined(__APPLE__)
 
 bool BacktraceMap::Build() {
 #if defined(__APPLE__)
   char cmd[sizeof(pid_t)*3 + sizeof("vmmap -w -resident -submap -allSplitLibs -interleaved ") + 1];
-#else
-  char path[sizeof(pid_t)*3 + sizeof("/proc//maps") + 1];
-#endif
   char line[1024];
-
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
   // cmd is guaranteed to always be big enough to hold this string.
   snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "vmmap -w -resident -submap -allSplitLibs -interleaved %d", pid_);
   FILE* fp = popen(cmd, "r");
-#else
-  // path is guaranteed to always be big enough to hold this string.
-  snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/maps", pid_);
-  FILE* fp = fopen(path, "r");
-#endif
   if (fp == nullptr) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -135,13 +121,19 @@
       maps_.push_back(map);
     }
   }
-#if defined(__APPLE__)
   pclose(fp);
-#else
-  fclose(fp);
-#endif
-
   return true;
+#else
+  return android::procinfo::ReadProcessMaps(
+      pid_, [&](uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t, const char* name) {
+        maps_.resize(maps_.size() + 1);
+        backtrace_map_t& map = maps_.back();
+        map.start = start;
+        map.end = end;
+        map.flags = flags;
+        map.name = name;
+      });
+#endif
 }
 
 #if defined(__APPLE__)
diff --git a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
index 1e3d379..f78a31f 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/test_utils.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <cutils/atomic.h>
 #include <cutils/threads.h>
@@ -1186,49 +1187,45 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(expected_functions.empty()) << "Not all functions found in shared library.";
 }
 
-static const char* CopySharedLibrary() {
-#if defined(__LP64__)
-  const char* lib_name = "lib64";
-#else
-  const char* lib_name = "lib";
-#endif
+static void CopySharedLibrary(const char* tmp_dir, std::string* tmp_so_name) {
+  std::string system_dir;
 
 #if defined(__BIONIC__)
-  const char* tmp_so_name = "/data/local/tmp/libbacktrace_test.so";
-  std::string cp_cmd = android::base::StringPrintf("cp /system/%s/libbacktrace_test.so %s",
-                                                   lib_name, tmp_so_name);
+  system_dir = "/system/lib";
 #else
-  const char* tmp_so_name = "/tmp/libbacktrace_test.so";
-  if (getenv("ANDROID_HOST_OUT") == NULL) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "ANDROID_HOST_OUT not set, make sure you run lunch.");
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  std::string cp_cmd = android::base::StringPrintf("cp %s/%s/libbacktrace_test.so %s",
-                                                   getenv("ANDROID_HOST_OUT"), lib_name,
-                                                   tmp_so_name);
+  const char* host_out_env = getenv("ANDROID_HOST_OUT");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(host_out_env != nullptr);
+  system_dir = std::string(host_out_env) + "/lib";
 #endif
 
-  // Copy the shared so to a tempory directory.
-  system(cp_cmd.c_str());
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+  system_dir += "64";
+#endif
 
-  return tmp_so_name;
+  *tmp_so_name = std::string(tmp_dir) + "/libbacktrace_test.so";
+  std::string cp_cmd =
+      android::base::StringPrintf("cp %s/libbacktrace_test.so %s", system_dir.c_str(), tmp_dir);
+
+  // Copy the shared so to a tempory directory.
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, system(cp_cmd.c_str()));
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, check_unreadable_elf_local) {
-  const char* tmp_so_name = CopySharedLibrary();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(tmp_so_name != nullptr);
+  TemporaryDir td;
+  std::string tmp_so_name;
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CopySharedLibrary(td.path, &tmp_so_name));
 
   struct stat buf;
-  ASSERT_TRUE(stat(tmp_so_name, &buf) != -1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(stat(tmp_so_name.c_str(), &buf) != -1);
   uint64_t map_size = buf.st_size;
 
-  int fd = open(tmp_so_name, O_RDONLY);
+  int fd = open(tmp_so_name.c_str(), O_RDONLY);
   ASSERT_TRUE(fd != -1);
 
   void* map = mmap(nullptr, map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
   ASSERT_TRUE(map != MAP_FAILED);
   close(fd);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(unlink(tmp_so_name) != -1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(unlink(tmp_so_name.c_str()) != -1);
 
   std::vector<std::string> found_functions;
   std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(Backtrace::Create(BACKTRACE_CURRENT_PROCESS,
@@ -1256,32 +1253,33 @@
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, check_unreadable_elf_remote) {
-  const char* tmp_so_name = CopySharedLibrary();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(tmp_so_name != nullptr);
+  TemporaryDir td;
+  std::string tmp_so_name;
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CopySharedLibrary(td.path, &tmp_so_name));
 
   g_ready = 0;
 
   struct stat buf;
-  ASSERT_TRUE(stat(tmp_so_name, &buf) != -1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(stat(tmp_so_name.c_str(), &buf) != -1);
   uint64_t map_size = buf.st_size;
 
   pid_t pid;
   if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
-    int fd = open(tmp_so_name, O_RDONLY);
+    int fd = open(tmp_so_name.c_str(), O_RDONLY);
     if (fd == -1) {
-      fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open file %s: %s\n", tmp_so_name, strerror(errno));
-      unlink(tmp_so_name);
+      fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open file %s: %s\n", tmp_so_name.c_str(), strerror(errno));
+      unlink(tmp_so_name.c_str());
       exit(0);
     }
 
     void* map = mmap(nullptr, map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
     if (map == MAP_FAILED) {
       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to map in memory: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-      unlink(tmp_so_name);
+      unlink(tmp_so_name.c_str());
       exit(0);
     }
     close(fd);
-    if (unlink(tmp_so_name) == -1) {
+    if (unlink(tmp_so_name.c_str()) == -1) {
       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to unlink: %s\n", strerror(errno));
       exit(0);
     }
@@ -1394,11 +1392,13 @@
 typedef int (*test_func_t)(int, int, int, int, void (*)(void*), void*);
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_through_unreadable_elf_local) {
-  const char* tmp_so_name = CopySharedLibrary();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(tmp_so_name != nullptr);
-  void* lib_handle = dlopen(tmp_so_name, RTLD_NOW);
+  TemporaryDir td;
+  std::string tmp_so_name;
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CopySharedLibrary(td.path, &tmp_so_name));
+
+  void* lib_handle = dlopen(tmp_so_name.c_str(), RTLD_NOW);
   ASSERT_TRUE(lib_handle != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(unlink(tmp_so_name) != -1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(unlink(tmp_so_name.c_str()) != -1);
 
   test_func_t test_func;
   test_func = reinterpret_cast<test_func_t>(dlsym(lib_handle, "test_level_one"));
@@ -1411,11 +1411,13 @@
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_through_unreadable_elf_remote) {
-  const char* tmp_so_name = CopySharedLibrary();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(tmp_so_name != nullptr);
-  void* lib_handle = dlopen(tmp_so_name, RTLD_NOW);
+  TemporaryDir td;
+  std::string tmp_so_name;
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CopySharedLibrary(td.path, &tmp_so_name));
+
+  void* lib_handle = dlopen(tmp_so_name.c_str(), RTLD_NOW);
   ASSERT_TRUE(lib_handle != nullptr);
-  ASSERT_TRUE(unlink(tmp_so_name) != -1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(unlink(tmp_so_name.c_str()) != -1);
 
   test_func_t test_func;
   test_func = reinterpret_cast<test_func_t>(dlsym(lib_handle, "test_level_one"));
@@ -1444,7 +1446,8 @@
 
     size_t frame_num;
     if (FindFuncFrameInBacktrace(backtrace.get(), reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(test_func),
-                                 &frame_num)) {
+                                 &frame_num) &&
+        frame_num != 0) {
       VerifyUnreadableElfFrame(backtrace.get(), reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(test_func), frame_num);
       done = true;
     }
diff --git a/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h b/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h
index c94cad1..a9cfce4 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h
+++ b/libbacktrace/include/backtrace/BacktraceMap.h
@@ -169,8 +169,6 @@
 
   virtual uint64_t GetLoadBias(size_t /* index */) { return 0; }
 
-  virtual bool ParseLine(const char* line, backtrace_map_t* map);
-
   pid_t pid_;
   std::deque<backtrace_map_t> maps_;
   std::vector<std::string> suffixes_to_ignore_;
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
index 47de12a..e47560f 100644
--- a/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libcrypto_utils",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     vndk: {
         enabled: true,
     },
diff --git a/libcutils/Android.bp b/libcutils/Android.bp
index e823257..cdbb65f 100644
--- a/libcutils/Android.bp
+++ b/libcutils/Android.bp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libcutils_headers",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     target: {
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@
         enabled: true,
         support_system_process: true,
     },
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "config_utils.cpp",
diff --git a/libcutils/fs_config.cpp b/libcutils/fs_config.cpp
index 0f2b460..6169324 100644
--- a/libcutils/fs_config.cpp
+++ b/libcutils/fs_config.cpp
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
     { 00775, AID_ROOT,         AID_ROOT,         0, "data/preloads" },
     { 00771, AID_SYSTEM,       AID_SYSTEM,       0, "data" },
     { 00755, AID_ROOT,         AID_SYSTEM,       0, "mnt" },
+    { 00755, AID_ROOT,         AID_SHELL,        0, "product/bin" },
     { 00750, AID_ROOT,         AID_SHELL,        0, "sbin" },
     { 00777, AID_ROOT,         AID_ROOT,         0, "sdcard" },
     { 00751, AID_ROOT,         AID_SDCARD_R,     0, "storage" },
@@ -195,6 +196,7 @@
     { 00755, AID_ROOT,      AID_ROOT,      0, "bin/*" },
     { 00640, AID_ROOT,      AID_SHELL,     0, "fstab.*" },
     { 00750, AID_ROOT,      AID_SHELL,     0, "init*" },
+    { 00755, AID_ROOT,      AID_SHELL,     0, "product/bin/*" },
     { 00750, AID_ROOT,      AID_SHELL,     0, "sbin/*" },
     { 00755, AID_ROOT,      AID_SHELL,     0, "system/bin/*" },
     { 00755, AID_ROOT,      AID_ROOT,      0, "system/lib/valgrind/*" },
@@ -237,9 +239,10 @@
     return fd;
 }
 
-// if path is "vendor/<stuff>", "oem/<stuff>" or "odm/<stuff>"
+// if path is "odm/<stuff>", "oem/<stuff>", "product/<stuff>" or
+// "vendor/<stuff>"
 static bool is_partition(const char* path, size_t len) {
-    static const char* partitions[] = {"vendor/", "oem/", "odm/"};
+    static const char* partitions[] = {"odm/", "oem/", "product/", "vendor/"};
     for (size_t i = 0; i < (sizeof(partitions) / sizeof(partitions[0])); ++i) {
         size_t plen = strlen(partitions[i]);
         if (len <= plen) continue;
diff --git a/libkeyutils/Android.bp b/libkeyutils/Android.bp
index f3593ff..b388e95 100644
--- a/libkeyutils/Android.bp
+++ b/libkeyutils/Android.bp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
     name: "libkeyutils",
     cflags: ["-Werror"],
     defaults: ["linux_bionic_supported"],
+    recovery_available: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include/"],
     local_include_dirs: ["include/"],
     srcs: ["keyutils.cpp"],
diff --git a/liblog/Android.bp b/liblog/Android.bp
index 7d9e306..4a165a0 100644
--- a/liblog/Android.bp
+++ b/liblog/Android.bp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
     name: "liblog_headers",
     host_supported: true,
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     target: {
         windows: {
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "liblog",
     host_supported: true,
-
+    recovery_available: true,
     srcs: liblog_sources,
 
     target: {
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@
         },
         android_arm: {
             // TODO: This is to work around b/24465209. Remove after root cause is fixed
+            pack_relocations: false,
             ldflags: ["-Wl,--hash-style=both"],
         },
         windows: {
diff --git a/liblog/logprint.c b/liblog/logprint.c
index a2839bf..7937cb1 100644
--- a/liblog/logprint.c
+++ b/liblog/logprint.c
@@ -1632,8 +1632,10 @@
     prefixLen = snprintf(prefixBuf, sizeof(prefixBuf), "\x1B[38;5;%dm",
                          colorFromPri(entry->priority));
     prefixLen = MIN(prefixLen, sizeof(prefixBuf));
-    suffixLen = snprintf(suffixBuf, sizeof(suffixBuf), "\x1B[0m");
-    suffixLen = MIN(suffixLen, sizeof(suffixBuf));
+
+    const char suffixContents[] = "\x1B[0m";
+    strcpy(suffixBuf, suffixContents);
+    suffixLen = strlen(suffixContents);
   }
 
   char uid[16];
diff --git a/liblog/tests/log_read_test.cpp b/liblog/tests/log_read_test.cpp
index 444a5ac..443c3ea 100644
--- a/liblog/tests/log_read_test.cpp
+++ b/liblog/tests/log_read_test.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 // Test the APIs in this standalone include file
 #include <log/log_read.h>
 // Do not use anything in log/log_time.h despite side effects of the above.
+#include <private/android_logger.h>
 
 TEST(liblog, __android_log_write__android_logger_list_read) {
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
@@ -105,7 +106,10 @@
       // framework (b/68266385).
       EXPECT_LE(  // boolean 1 or 0 depending on expected content or empty
           !!((strcmp("crash", name) != 0) &&
-             ((strcmp("kernel", name) != 0) || __android_log_is_debuggable()) &&
+             ((strcmp("kernel", name) != 0) ||
+              __android_logger_property_get_bool(
+                  "ro.logd.kernel", BOOL_DEFAULT_TRUE | BOOL_DEFAULT_FLAG_ENG |
+                                        BOOL_DEFAULT_FLAG_SVELTE)) &&
              (strcmp("stats", name) != 0)),
           android_logger_get_log_readable_size(logger));
     } else {
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/Android.bp b/libmemunreachable/Android.bp
index f164a19..248a9d2 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/Android.bp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/Android.bp
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
         "HeapWalker.cpp",
         "LeakFolding.cpp",
         "LeakPipe.cpp",
-        "LineBuffer.cpp",
         "MemUnreachable.cpp",
         "ProcessMappings.cpp",
         "PtracerThread.cpp",
@@ -38,6 +37,7 @@
 
     static_libs: [
         "libc_malloc_debug_backtrace",
+        "libprocinfo",
     ],
     // Only need this for arm since libc++ uses its own unwind code that
     // doesn't mix with the other default unwind code.
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/LineBuffer.cpp b/libmemunreachable/LineBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 4ea0542..0000000
--- a/libmemunreachable/LineBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-// Copied from system/extras/memory_replay/LineBuffer.cpp
-// TODO(ccross): find a way to share between libmemunreachable and memory_replay?
-
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include "LineBuffer.h"
-
-namespace android {
-
-LineBuffer::LineBuffer(int fd, char* buffer, size_t buffer_len)
-    : fd_(fd), buffer_(buffer), buffer_len_(buffer_len) {}
-
-bool LineBuffer::GetLine(char** line, size_t* line_len) {
-  while (true) {
-    if (bytes_ > 0) {
-      char* newline = reinterpret_cast<char*>(memchr(buffer_ + start_, '\n', bytes_));
-      if (newline != nullptr) {
-        *newline = '\0';
-        *line = buffer_ + start_;
-        start_ = newline - buffer_ + 1;
-        bytes_ -= newline - *line + 1;
-        *line_len = newline - *line;
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-    if (start_ > 0) {
-      // Didn't find anything, copy the current to the front of the buffer.
-      memmove(buffer_, buffer_ + start_, bytes_);
-      start_ = 0;
-    }
-    ssize_t bytes = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd_, buffer_ + bytes_, buffer_len_ - bytes_ - 1));
-    if (bytes <= 0) {
-      if (bytes_ > 0) {
-        // The read data might not contain a nul terminator, so add one.
-        buffer_[bytes_] = '\0';
-        *line = buffer_ + start_;
-        *line_len = bytes_;
-        bytes_ = 0;
-        start_ = 0;
-        return true;
-      }
-      return false;
-    }
-    bytes_ += bytes;
-  }
-}
-
-}  // namespace android
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/LineBuffer.h b/libmemunreachable/LineBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index cc6cd0c..0000000
--- a/libmemunreachable/LineBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef _LIBMEMUNREACHABLE_LINE_BUFFER_H
-#define _LIBMEMUNREACHABLE_LINE_BUFFER_H
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-namespace android {
-
-class LineBuffer {
- public:
-  LineBuffer(int fd, char* buffer, size_t buffer_len);
-
-  bool GetLine(char** line, size_t* line_len);
-
- private:
-  int fd_;
-  char* buffer_ = nullptr;
-  size_t buffer_len_ = 0;
-  size_t start_ = 0;
-  size_t bytes_ = 0;
-};
-
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // _LIBMEMUNREACHABLE_LINE_BUFFER_H
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp b/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp
index 24fdc7f..529a043 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp
@@ -495,6 +495,21 @@
   return oss.str();
 }
 
+UnreachableMemoryInfo::~UnreachableMemoryInfo() {
+  // Clear the memory that holds the leaks, otherwise the next attempt to
+  // detect leaks may find the old data (for example in the jemalloc tcache)
+  // and consider all the leaks to be referenced.
+  memset(leaks.data(), 0, leaks.capacity() * sizeof(Leak));
+
+  std::vector<Leak> tmp;
+  leaks.swap(tmp);
+
+  // Disable and re-enable malloc to flush the jemalloc tcache to make sure
+  // there are no copies of the leaked pointer addresses there.
+  malloc_disable();
+  malloc_enable();
+}
+
 std::string GetUnreachableMemoryString(bool log_contents, size_t limit) {
   UnreachableMemoryInfo info;
   if (!GetUnreachableMemory(info, limit)) {
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp b/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp
index 9a06870..701ce16 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp
@@ -14,21 +14,30 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
 
-#include "LineBuffer.h"
 #include "ProcessMappings.h"
-#include "log.h"
 
 namespace android {
 
-// This function is not re-entrant since it uses a static buffer for
-// the line data.
+struct ReadMapCallback {
+  ReadMapCallback(allocator::vector<Mapping>& mappings) : mappings_(mappings) {}
+
+  void operator()(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t, const char* name) const {
+    mappings_.emplace_back(start, end, flags & PROT_READ, flags & PROT_WRITE, flags & PROT_EXEC,
+                           name);
+  }
+
+  allocator::vector<Mapping>& mappings_;
+};
+
 bool ProcessMappings(pid_t pid, allocator::vector<Mapping>& mappings) {
   char map_buffer[1024];
   snprintf(map_buffer, sizeof(map_buffer), "/proc/%d/maps", pid);
@@ -36,35 +45,13 @@
   if (fd == -1) {
     return false;
   }
-
-  LineBuffer line_buf(fd, map_buffer, sizeof(map_buffer));
-  char* line;
-  size_t line_len;
-  while (line_buf.GetLine(&line, &line_len)) {
-    int name_pos;
-    char perms[5];
-    Mapping mapping{};
-    if (sscanf(line, "%" SCNxPTR "-%" SCNxPTR " %4s %*x %*x:%*x %*d %n", &mapping.begin,
-               &mapping.end, perms, &name_pos) == 3) {
-      if (perms[0] == 'r') {
-        mapping.read = true;
-      }
-      if (perms[1] == 'w') {
-        mapping.write = true;
-      }
-      if (perms[2] == 'x') {
-        mapping.execute = true;
-      }
-      if (perms[3] == 'p') {
-        mapping.priv = true;
-      }
-      if ((size_t)name_pos < line_len) {
-        strlcpy(mapping.name, line + name_pos, sizeof(mapping.name));
-      }
-      mappings.emplace_back(mapping);
-    }
+  allocator::string content(mappings.get_allocator());
+  ssize_t n;
+  while ((n = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, map_buffer, sizeof(map_buffer)))) > 0) {
+    content.append(map_buffer, n);
   }
-  return true;
+  ReadMapCallback callback(mappings);
+  return android::procinfo::ReadMapFileContent(&content[0], callback);
 }
 
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.h b/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.h
index a0e97e9..94da69b 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.h
+++ b/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.h
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef LIBMEMUNREACHABLE_PROCESS_MAPPING_H_
 #define LIBMEMUNREACHABLE_PROCESS_MAPPING_H_
 
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "Allocator.h"
 
 namespace android {
@@ -27,8 +29,13 @@
   bool read;
   bool write;
   bool execute;
-  bool priv;
   char name[96];
+
+  Mapping() {}
+  Mapping(uintptr_t begin, uintptr_t end, bool read, bool write, bool execute, const char* name)
+      : begin(begin), end(end), read(read), write(write), execute(execute) {
+    strlcpy(this->name, name, sizeof(this->name));
+  }
 };
 
 // This function is not re-entrant since it uses a static buffer for
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/README.md b/libmemunreachable/README.md
index ae8fa94..9cc0c9b 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/README.md
+++ b/libmemunreachable/README.md
@@ -12,6 +12,27 @@
 Usage
 -------
 
+### In Android apps ###
+
+libmemunreachble is loaded by zygote and can be triggered with `dumpsys -t 600 meminfo --unreachable [process]`.
+
+To enable malloc\_debug backtraces on allocations for a single app process on a userdebug device, use:
+```
+adb root
+adb shell setprop libc.debug.malloc.program app_process
+adb shell setprop wrap.[process] "\$\@"
+adb shell setprop libc.debug.malloc.options backtrace=4
+```
+
+Kill and restart the app, trigger the leak, and then run `dumpsys -t 600 meminfo --unreachable [process]`.
+
+To disable malloc\_debug:
+```
+adb shell setprop libc.debug.malloc.options "''"
+adb shell setprop libc.debug.malloc.program "''"
+adb shell setprop wrap.[process]  "''"
+```
+
 ### C interface ###
 
 #### `bool LogUnreachableMemory(bool log_contents, size_t limit)` ####
@@ -23,7 +44,7 @@
 
 ### C++ interface ###
 
-####`bool GetUnreachableMemory(UnreachableMemoryInfo& info, size_t limit = 100)`####
+#### `bool GetUnreachableMemory(UnreachableMemoryInfo& info, size_t limit = 100)` ####
 Updates an `UnreachableMemoryInfo` object with information on leaks, including details on up to `limit` leaks.  Returns true if leak detection succeeded.
 
 #### `std::string GetUnreachableMemoryString(bool log_contents = false, size_t limit = 100)` ####
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/include/memunreachable/memunreachable.h b/libmemunreachable/include/memunreachable/memunreachable.h
index 438fcaf..c028eab 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/include/memunreachable/memunreachable.h
+++ b/libmemunreachable/include/memunreachable/memunreachable.h
@@ -62,12 +62,7 @@
   size_t allocation_bytes;
 
   UnreachableMemoryInfo() {}
-  ~UnreachableMemoryInfo() {
-    // Clear the memory that holds the leaks, otherwise the next attempt to
-    // detect leaks may find the old data (for example in the jemalloc tcache)
-    // and consider all the leaks to be referenced.
-    memset(leaks.data(), 0, leaks.capacity() * sizeof(Leak));
-  }
+  ~UnreachableMemoryInfo();
 
   std::string ToString(bool log_contents) const;
 };
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp b/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp
index 87417f1..bba0c6d 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/tests/MemUnreachable_test.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 #include <memunreachable/memunreachable.h>
 
+#include "bionic.h"
+
 namespace android {
 
 class HiddenPointer {
@@ -48,7 +50,35 @@
   write(0, ptr, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, clean) {
+class MemunreachableTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  virtual void SetUp() {
+    CleanStack(8192);
+    CleanTcache();
+  }
+
+  virtual void TearDown() {
+    CleanStack(8192);
+    CleanTcache();
+  }
+
+  // Allocate a buffer on the stack and zero it to make sure there are no
+  // stray pointers from old test runs.
+  void __attribute__((noinline)) CleanStack(size_t size) {
+    void* buf = alloca(size);
+    memset(buf, 0, size);
+    Ref(&buf);
+  }
+
+  // Disable and re-enable malloc to flush the jemalloc tcache to make sure
+  // there are stray pointers from old test runs there.
+  void CleanTcache() {
+    malloc_disable();
+    malloc_enable();
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, clean) {
   UnreachableMemoryInfo info;
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(LogUnreachableMemory(true, 100));
@@ -57,7 +87,7 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.leaks.size());
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, stack) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, stack) {
   HiddenPointer hidden_ptr;
 
   {
@@ -91,7 +121,7 @@
 
 void* g_ptr;
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, global) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, global) {
   HiddenPointer hidden_ptr;
 
   g_ptr = hidden_ptr.Get();
@@ -122,7 +152,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, tls) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, tls) {
   HiddenPointer hidden_ptr;
   pthread_key_t key;
   pthread_key_create(&key, nullptr);
@@ -157,10 +187,22 @@
   pthread_key_delete(key);
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, twice) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, twice) {
   HiddenPointer hidden_ptr;
 
   {
+    void* ptr = hidden_ptr.Get();
+    Ref(&ptr);
+
+    UnreachableMemoryInfo info;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(GetUnreachableMemory(info));
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.leaks.size());
+
+    ptr = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  {
     UnreachableMemoryInfo info;
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(GetUnreachableMemory(info));
@@ -184,7 +226,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, log) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, log) {
   HiddenPointer hidden_ptr;
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(LogUnreachableMemory(true, 100));
@@ -199,17 +241,23 @@
   }
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, notdumpable) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, notdumpable) {
+  if (getuid() == 0) {
+    // TODO(ccross): make this a skipped test when gtest supports them
+    printf("[ SKIP     ] Not testable when running as root\n");
+    return;
+  }
+
   ASSERT_EQ(0, prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 0));
 
   HiddenPointer hidden_ptr;
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(LogUnreachableMemory(true, 100));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(LogUnreachableMemory(true, 100));
 
   ASSERT_EQ(0, prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 1));
 }
 
-TEST(MemunreachableTest, leak_lots) {
+TEST_F(MemunreachableTest, leak_lots) {
   std::vector<HiddenPointer> hidden_ptrs;
   hidden_ptrs.resize(1024);
 
diff --git a/libnativeloader/OWNERS b/libnativeloader/OWNERS
index f2cc942..5c28a9f 100644
--- a/libnativeloader/OWNERS
+++ b/libnativeloader/OWNERS
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 dimitry@google.com
+jiyong@google.com
diff --git a/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp b/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp
index 0ebb226..7fef106 100644
--- a/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp
+++ b/libnativeloader/native_loader.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
                                              "%s:%d: %s CHECK '" #predicate "' failed.",\
                                              __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__)
 
+using namespace std::string_literals;
+
 namespace android {
 
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
@@ -236,10 +238,15 @@
       // Different name is useful for debugging
       namespace_name = kVendorClassloaderNamespaceName;
       ALOGD("classloader namespace configured for unbundled vendor apk. library_path=%s", library_path.c_str());
-    } else if (!oem_public_libraries_.empty()) {
-      // oem_public_libraries are NOT available to vendor apks, otherwise it
+    } else {
+      // oem and product public libraries are NOT available to vendor apks, otherwise it
       // would be system->vendor violation.
-      system_exposed_libraries = system_exposed_libraries + ":" + oem_public_libraries_.c_str();
+      if (!oem_public_libraries_.empty()) {
+        system_exposed_libraries = system_exposed_libraries + ':' + oem_public_libraries_;
+      }
+      if (!product_public_libraries_.empty()) {
+        system_exposed_libraries = system_exposed_libraries + ':' + product_public_libraries_;
+      }
     }
 
     NativeLoaderNamespace native_loader_ns;
@@ -351,6 +358,8 @@
     std::string vndksp_native_libraries_system_config =
             root_dir + kVndkspNativeLibrariesSystemConfigPathFromRoot;
 
+    std::string product_public_native_libraries_dir = "/product/etc";
+
     std::string error_msg;
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(
         !ReadConfig(public_native_libraries_system_config, &sonames, always_true, &error_msg),
@@ -373,7 +382,7 @@
     //
     // TODO(dimitry): this is a bit misleading since we do not know
     // if the vendor public library is going to be opened from /vendor/lib
-    // we might as well end up loading them from /system/lib
+    // we might as well end up loading them from /system/lib or /product/lib
     // For now we rely on CTS test to catch things like this but
     // it should probably be addressed in the future.
     for (const auto& soname : sonames) {
@@ -387,48 +396,15 @@
     // system libs that are exposed to apps. The libs in the txt files must be
     // named as lib<name>.<companyname>.so.
     sonames.clear();
-    std::string dirname = base::Dirname(public_native_libraries_system_config);
-    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(dirname.c_str()), closedir);
-    if (dir != nullptr) {
-      // Failing to opening the dir is not an error, which can happen in
-      // webview_zygote.
-      struct dirent* ent;
-      while ((ent = readdir(dir.get())) != nullptr) {
-        if (ent->d_type != DT_REG && ent->d_type != DT_LNK) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        const std::string filename(ent->d_name);
-        if (android::base::StartsWith(filename, kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigPrefix) &&
-            android::base::EndsWith(filename, kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigSuffix)) {
-          const size_t start = kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigPrefixLen;
-          const size_t end = filename.size() - kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigSuffixLen;
-          const std::string company_name = filename.substr(start, end - start);
-          const std::string config_file_path = dirname + "/" + filename;
-          LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(
-              company_name.empty(),
-              "Error extracting company name from public native library list file path \"%s\"",
-              config_file_path.c_str());
-          LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(
-              !ReadConfig(
-                  config_file_path, &sonames,
-                  [&company_name](const std::string& soname, std::string* error_msg) {
-                    if (android::base::StartsWith(soname, "lib") &&
-                        android::base::EndsWith(soname, "." + company_name + ".so")) {
-                      return true;
-                    } else {
-                      *error_msg = "Library name \"" + soname +
-                                   "\" does not end with the company name: " + company_name + ".";
-                      return false;
-                    }
-                  },
-                  &error_msg),
-              "Error reading public native library list from \"%s\": %s", config_file_path.c_str(),
-              error_msg.c_str());
-        }
-      }
-    }
+    ReadExtensionLibraries(base::Dirname(public_native_libraries_system_config).c_str(), &sonames);
     oem_public_libraries_ = base::Join(sonames, ':');
 
+    // read /product/etc/public.libraries-<companyname>.txt which contain partner defined
+    // product libs that are exposed to apps.
+    sonames.clear();
+    ReadExtensionLibraries(product_public_native_libraries_dir.c_str(), &sonames);
+    product_public_libraries_ = base::Join(sonames, ':');
+
     // Insert VNDK version to llndk and vndksp config file names.
     insert_vndk_version_str(&llndk_native_libraries_system_config);
     insert_vndk_version_str(&vndksp_native_libraries_system_config);
@@ -448,11 +424,54 @@
     vendor_public_libraries_ = base::Join(sonames, ':');
   }
 
-  void Reset() {
-    namespaces_.clear();
-  }
+  void Reset() { namespaces_.clear(); }
 
  private:
+  void ReadExtensionLibraries(const char* dirname, std::vector<std::string>* sonames) {
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(dirname), closedir);
+    if (dir != nullptr) {
+      // Failing to opening the dir is not an error, which can happen in
+      // webview_zygote.
+      while (struct dirent* ent = readdir(dir.get())) {
+        if (ent->d_type != DT_REG && ent->d_type != DT_LNK) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        const std::string filename(ent->d_name);
+        if (android::base::StartsWith(filename, kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigPrefix) &&
+            android::base::EndsWith(filename, kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigSuffix)) {
+          const size_t start = kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigPrefixLen;
+          const size_t end = filename.size() - kPublicNativeLibrariesExtensionConfigSuffixLen;
+          const std::string company_name = filename.substr(start, end - start);
+          const std::string config_file_path = dirname + "/"s + filename;
+          LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(
+              company_name.empty(),
+              "Error extracting company name from public native library list file path \"%s\"",
+              config_file_path.c_str());
+
+          std::string error_msg;
+
+          LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(
+              !ReadConfig(
+                  config_file_path, sonames,
+                  [&company_name](const std::string& soname, std::string* error_msg) {
+                    if (android::base::StartsWith(soname, "lib") &&
+                        android::base::EndsWith(soname, "." + company_name + ".so")) {
+                      return true;
+                    } else {
+                      *error_msg = "Library name \"" + soname +
+                                   "\" does not end with the company name: " + company_name + ".";
+                      return false;
+                    }
+                  },
+                  &error_msg),
+              "Error reading public native library list from \"%s\": %s", config_file_path.c_str(),
+              error_msg.c_str());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+
   bool ReadConfig(const std::string& configFile, std::vector<std::string>* sonames,
                   const std::function<bool(const std::string& /* soname */,
                                            std::string* /* error_msg */)>& check_soname,
@@ -559,6 +578,7 @@
   std::string system_public_libraries_;
   std::string vendor_public_libraries_;
   std::string oem_public_libraries_;
+  std::string product_public_libraries_;
   std::string system_llndk_libraries_;
   std::string system_vndksp_libraries_;
 
diff --git a/libnativeloader/test/Android.bp b/libnativeloader/test/Android.bp
index 5cf88b0..d528f30 100644
--- a/libnativeloader/test/Android.bp
+++ b/libnativeloader/test/Android.bp
@@ -49,3 +49,23 @@
         "libbase",
     ],
 }
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libfoo.product1",
+    srcs: ["test.cpp"],
+    cflags: ["-DLIBNAME=\"libfoo.product1.so\""],
+    product_specific: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libbar.product1",
+    srcs: ["test.cpp"],
+    cflags: ["-DLIBNAME=\"libbar.product1.so\""],
+    product_specific: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/libnativeloader/test/Android.mk b/libnativeloader/test/Android.mk
index e625454..65e7b09 100644
--- a/libnativeloader/test/Android.mk
+++ b/libnativeloader/test/Android.mk
@@ -30,6 +30,13 @@
 include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := public.libraries-product1.txt
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES:= $(LOCAL_MODULE)
+LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := ETC
+LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_PRODUCT_ETC)
+include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)
+
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := oemlibrarytest-system
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := tests
 LOCAL_MANIFEST_FILE := system/AndroidManifest.xml
diff --git a/libnativeloader/test/public.libraries-product1.txt b/libnativeloader/test/public.libraries-product1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..358154c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libnativeloader/test/public.libraries-product1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+libfoo.product1.so
+libbar.product1.so
diff --git a/libnativeloader/test/src/android/test/app/TestActivity.java b/libnativeloader/test/src/android/test/app/TestActivity.java
index 214892d..a7a455d 100644
--- a/libnativeloader/test/src/android/test/app/TestActivity.java
+++ b/libnativeloader/test/src/android/test/app/TestActivity.java
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
          tryLoadingLib("bar.oem1");
          tryLoadingLib("foo.oem2");
          tryLoadingLib("bar.oem2");
+         tryLoadingLib("foo.product1");
+         tryLoadingLib("bar.product1");
     }
 
     private void tryLoadingLib(String name) {
diff --git a/libpackagelistparser/Android.bp b/libpackagelistparser/Android.bp
index 27693b3..c38594a 100644
--- a/libpackagelistparser/Android.bp
+++ b/libpackagelistparser/Android.bp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 cc_library {
 
     name: "libpackagelistparser",
+    recovery_available: true,
     srcs: ["packagelistparser.c"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
diff --git a/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp b/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp
index 6dfa697..1cebb5d 100644
--- a/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp
+++ b/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp
@@ -39,12 +39,14 @@
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include <processgroup/processgroup.h>
 
+using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
 using android::base::StartsWith;
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
@@ -62,12 +64,20 @@
 static const std::string& GetCgroupRootPath() {
     static std::string cgroup_root_path;
     std::call_once(init_path_flag, [&]() {
-            // Check if mem cgroup is mounted, only then check for write-access to avoid
-            // SELinux denials
+        // low-ram devices use per-app memcg by default, unlike high-end ones
+        bool low_ram_device = GetBoolProperty("ro.config.low_ram", false);
+        bool per_app_memcg =
+            GetBoolProperty("ro.config.per_app_memcg", low_ram_device);
+        if (per_app_memcg) {
+            // Check if mem cgroup is mounted, only then check for
+            // write-access to avoid SELinux denials
             cgroup_root_path =
-                (access(MEM_CGROUP_TASKS, F_OK) || access(MEM_CGROUP_PATH, W_OK) ? ACCT_CGROUP_PATH
-                                                                                 : MEM_CGROUP_PATH);
-            });
+                (access(MEM_CGROUP_TASKS, F_OK) || access(MEM_CGROUP_PATH, W_OK) ?
+                ACCT_CGROUP_PATH : MEM_CGROUP_PATH);
+        } else {
+            cgroup_root_path = ACCT_CGROUP_PATH;
+        }
+    });
     return cgroup_root_path;
 }
 
diff --git a/libprocinfo/Android.bp b/libprocinfo/Android.bp
index b35882c..15f03d0 100644
--- a/libprocinfo/Android.bp
+++ b/libprocinfo/Android.bp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     name: "libprocinfo",
     defaults: ["libprocinfo_defaults"],
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     vndk: {
         enabled: true,
     },
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "process_test.cpp",
+        "process_map_test.cpp",
     ],
     target: {
         darwin: {
@@ -84,5 +86,36 @@
         },
     },
 
+    data: [
+        "testdata/*",
+    ],
+
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 }
+
+cc_benchmark {
+    name: "libprocinfo_benchmark",
+    defaults: ["libprocinfo_defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "process_map_benchmark.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbacktrace",
+        "libbase",
+        "libprocinfo",
+        "libunwindstack",
+    ],
+    compile_multilib: "both",
+    multilib: {
+        lib32: {
+            suffix: "32",
+        },
+        lib64: {
+            suffix: "64",
+        },
+    },
+
+    data: [
+        "testdata/*",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/libprocinfo/include/procinfo/process_map.h b/libprocinfo/include/procinfo/process_map.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3771f9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libprocinfo/include/procinfo/process_map.h
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace procinfo {
+
+template <class CallbackType>
+bool ReadMapFileContent(char* content, const CallbackType& callback) {
+  uint64_t start_addr;
+  uint64_t end_addr;
+  uint16_t flags;
+  uint64_t pgoff;
+  char* next_line = content;
+  char* p;
+
+  auto pass_space = [&]() {
+    if (*p != ' ') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    while (*p == ' ') {
+      p++;
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  auto pass_xdigit = [&]() {
+    if (!isxdigit(*p)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    do {
+      p++;
+    } while (isxdigit(*p));
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  while (next_line != nullptr && *next_line != '\0') {
+    p = next_line;
+    next_line = strchr(next_line, '\n');
+    if (next_line != nullptr) {
+      *next_line = '\0';
+      next_line++;
+    }
+    // Parse line like: 00400000-00409000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 426998  /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-http
+    char* end;
+    // start_addr
+    start_addr = strtoull(p, &end, 16);
+    if (end == p || *end != '-') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p = end + 1;
+    // end_addr
+    end_addr = strtoull(p, &end, 16);
+    if (end == p) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p = end;
+    if (!pass_space()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // flags
+    flags = 0;
+    if (*p == 'r') {
+      flags |= PROT_READ;
+    } else if (*p != '-') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p++;
+    if (*p == 'w') {
+      flags |= PROT_WRITE;
+    } else if (*p != '-') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p++;
+    if (*p == 'x') {
+      flags |= PROT_EXEC;
+    } else if (*p != '-') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p++;
+    if (*p != 'p' && *p != 's') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p++;
+    if (!pass_space()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // pgoff
+    pgoff = strtoull(p, &end, 16);
+    if (end == p) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    p = end;
+    if (!pass_space()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // major:minor
+    if (!pass_xdigit() || *p++ != ':' || !pass_xdigit() || !pass_space()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // inode
+    if (!pass_xdigit() || (*p != '\0' && !pass_space())) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // filename
+    callback(start_addr, end_addr, flags, pgoff, p);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool ReadMapFile(
+    const std::string& map_file,
+    const std::function<void(uint64_t, uint64_t, uint16_t, uint64_t, const char*)>& callback) {
+  std::string content;
+  if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(map_file, &content)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return ReadMapFileContent(&content[0], callback);
+}
+
+inline bool ReadProcessMaps(
+    pid_t pid,
+    const std::function<void(uint64_t, uint64_t, uint16_t, uint64_t, const char*)>& callback) {
+  return ReadMapFile("/proc/" + std::to_string(pid) + "/maps", callback);
+}
+
+} /* namespace procinfo */
+} /* namespace android */
diff --git a/libprocinfo/process_map_benchmark.cpp b/libprocinfo/process_map_benchmark.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9e8a4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libprocinfo/process_map_benchmark.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <backtrace/BacktraceMap.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Maps.h>
+
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+
+struct MapInfo {
+  uint64_t start;
+  uint64_t end;
+  uint16_t flags;
+  uint64_t pgoff;
+  const std::string name;
+
+  MapInfo(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff, const char* name)
+      : start(start), end(end), flags(flags), pgoff(pgoff), name(name) {}
+};
+
+static void BM_ReadMapFile(benchmark::State& state) {
+  std::string map_file = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/testdata/maps";
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    std::vector<MapInfo> maps;
+    android::procinfo::ReadMapFile(
+        map_file, [&](uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff,
+                      const char* name) { maps.emplace_back(start, end, flags, pgoff, name); });
+    CHECK_EQ(maps.size(), 2043u);
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_ReadMapFile);
+
+static void BM_unwindstack_FileMaps(benchmark::State& state) {
+  std::string map_file = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/testdata/maps";
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    unwindstack::FileMaps maps(map_file);
+    maps.Parse();
+    CHECK_EQ(maps.Total(), 2043u);
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_unwindstack_FileMaps);
+
+static void BM_unwindstack_BufferMaps(benchmark::State& state) {
+  std::string map_file = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/testdata/maps";
+  std::string content;
+  CHECK(android::base::ReadFileToString(map_file, &content));
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    unwindstack::BufferMaps maps(content.c_str());
+    maps.Parse();
+    CHECK_EQ(maps.Total(), 2043u);
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_unwindstack_BufferMaps);
+
+static void BM_backtrace_BacktraceMap(benchmark::State& state) {
+  pid_t pid = getpid();
+  for (auto _ : state) {
+    BacktraceMap* map = BacktraceMap::Create(pid, true);
+    CHECK(map != nullptr);
+    delete map;
+  }
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_backtrace_BacktraceMap);
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();
diff --git a/libprocinfo/process_map_test.cpp b/libprocinfo/process_map_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..900fd85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libprocinfo/process_map_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+struct MapInfo {
+  uint64_t start;
+  uint64_t end;
+  uint16_t flags;
+  uint64_t pgoff;
+  const std::string name;
+
+  MapInfo(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff, const char* name)
+      : start(start), end(end), flags(flags), pgoff(pgoff), name(name) {}
+};
+
+TEST(process_map, smoke) {
+  std::string map_file = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/testdata/maps";
+  std::vector<MapInfo> maps;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(android::procinfo::ReadMapFile(
+      map_file, [&](uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff,
+                    const char* name) { maps.emplace_back(start, end, flags, pgoff, name); }));
+  ASSERT_EQ(2043u, maps.size());
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[0].start, 0x12c00000ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[0].end, 0x2ac00000ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[0].flags, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[0].pgoff, 0ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[0].name, "/dev/ashmem/dalvik-main space (region space) (deleted)");
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[876].start, 0x70e6c4f000ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[876].end, 0x70e6c6b000ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[876].flags, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[876].pgoff, 0ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[876].name, "/system/lib64/libutils.so");
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[1260].start, 0x70e96fa000ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[1260].end, 0x70e96fb000ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[1260].flags, PROT_READ);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[1260].pgoff, 0ULL);
+  ASSERT_EQ(maps[1260].name,
+            "/dev/ashmem/dalvik-classes.dex extracted in memory from "
+            "/data/app/com.google.sample.tunnel-HGGRU03Gu1Mwkf_-RnFmvw==/base.apk (deleted)");
+}
diff --git a/libprocinfo/testdata/maps b/libprocinfo/testdata/maps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b312e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libprocinfo/testdata/maps
@@ -0,0 +1,2043 @@
+12c00000-2ac00000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10267643                           /dev/ashmem/dalvik-main space (region space) (deleted)
+6fb5d000-6fd6e000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639511                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot.art
+6fd6e000-6fd82000 r--p 00211000 103:1d 639511                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot.art
+6fd82000-6fe47000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639514                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-core-libart.art
+6fe47000-6fe52000 r--p 000c5000 103:1d 639514                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-core-libart.art
+6fe52000-6fe84000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639517                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-conscrypt.art
+6fe84000-6fe87000 r--p 00032000 103:1d 639517                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-conscrypt.art
+6fe87000-6feb2000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639520                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-okhttp.art
+6feb2000-6feb5000 r--p 0002b000 103:1d 639520                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-okhttp.art
+6feb5000-6fef4000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639523                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-bouncycastle.art
+6fef4000-6fefb000 r--p 0003f000 103:1d 639523                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-bouncycastle.art
+6fefb000-6ff3f000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639526                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-apache-xml.art
+6ff3f000-6ff45000 r--p 00044000 103:1d 639526                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-apache-xml.art
+6ff45000-6ff7a000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639529                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-ext.art
+6ff7a000-6ff85000 r--p 00035000 103:1d 639529                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-ext.art
+6ff85000-70594000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639532                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-framework.art
+70594000-705cb000 r--p 0060f000 103:1d 639532                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-framework.art
+705cb000-7061f000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639535                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-telephony-common.art
+7061f000-70629000 r--p 00054000 103:1d 639535                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-telephony-common.art
+70629000-70635000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639538                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-voip-common.art
+70635000-70636000 r--p 0000c000 103:1d 639538                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-voip-common.art
+70636000-70644000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639541                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-ims-common.art
+70644000-70645000 r--p 0000e000 103:1d 639541                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-ims-common.art
+70645000-70648000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639544                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-android.hidl.base-V1.0-java.art
+70648000-7064c000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639547                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-android.hidl.manager-V1.0-java.art
+7064c000-7064d000 r--p 00004000 103:1d 639547                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-android.hidl.manager-V1.0-java.art
+7064d000-7064e000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639550                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-framework-oahl-backward-compatibility.art
+7064e000-70652000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639553                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-android.test.base.art
+70652000-70653000 r--p 00004000 103:1d 639553                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-android.test.base.art
+70653000-70654000 rw-p 00000000 103:1d 639556                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-com.google.vr.platform.art
+70654000-70655000 r--p 00001000 103:1d 639556                            /data/dalvik-cache/arm64/system@framework@boot-com.google.vr.platform.art
+70655000-70731000 r--p 00000000 fc:00 940                                /system/framework/arm64/boot.oat
+70731000-709ca000 r-xp 000dc000 fc:00 940                                /system/framework/arm64/boot.oat
+709ca000-709cb000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                                  [anon:.bss]
+709cb000-70e4c000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 961                                /system/framework/boot.vdex
+70e4c000-70e4d000 r--p 00375000 fc:00 940                                /system/framework/arm64/boot.oat
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+70eab000-70fad000 r-xp 0005d000 fc:00 916                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-core-libart.oat
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+73818000-7381a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                                  [anon:.bss]
+7381a000-73af0000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 697                                /system/framework/boot-telephony-common.vdex
+73af0000-73af1000 r--p 000d0000 fc:00 893                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-telephony-common.oat
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+73af2000-73af6000 r--p 00000000 fc:00 922                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-voip-common.oat
+73af6000-73af8000 r-xp 00004000 fc:00 922                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-voip-common.oat
+73af8000-73af9000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                                  [anon:.bss]
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+73b20000-73b23000 r--p 00000000 fc:00 918                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-ims-common.oat
+73b23000-73b25000 r-xp 00003000 fc:00 918                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-ims-common.oat
+73b25000-73b26000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                                  [anon:.bss]
+73b26000-73b48000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 957                                /system/framework/boot-ims-common.vdex
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+73b4a000-73b4d000 r--p 00000000 fc:00 909                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-android.hidl.base-V1.0-java.oat
+73b4d000-73b4e000 r-xp 00003000 fc:00 909                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-android.hidl.base-V1.0-java.oat
+73b4e000-73b55000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 972                                /system/framework/boot-android.hidl.base-V1.0-java.vdex
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+73b56000-73b57000 rw-p 00005000 fc:00 909                                /system/framework/arm64/boot-android.hidl.base-V1.0-java.oat
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+705dd55000-705dda7000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 217                            /system/fonts/Roboto-LightItalic.ttf
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+705ddf8000-705ddf9000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread stack guard]
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+7062951000-7062997000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2448                           /system/lib64/libaaudio.so
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+70629b2000-70629ba000 rw-p 00050000 fc:00 2448                           /system/lib64/libaaudio.so
+70629ba000-70629bb000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack guard]
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+7065d5a000-7065d5e000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2609                           /system/lib64/libtombstoned_client.so
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+7065d7f000-7065d80000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack guard]
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+70663a1000-70663a4000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:.bss]
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+70e8f40000-70e8f45000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2341                           /system/lib64/libstagefright_codecbase.so
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+70e9084000-70e9086000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 155                            /system/fonts/NotoSansOsmanya-Regular.ttf
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+70e90c3000-70e91ce000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2647                           /system/lib64/libcrypto.so
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+70eb061000-70eb063000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 171                            /system/fonts/NotoSansInscriptionalPahlavi-Regular.ttf
+70eb063000-70eb064000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS guard]
+70eb064000-70eb067000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS]
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+70eb068000-70eb069000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack guard]
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+70eb073000-70eb077000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack]
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+70eb078000-70eb07b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS]
+70eb07b000-70eb07c000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS guard]
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+70eb082000-70eb085000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS]
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+70eb086000-70eb09d000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2604                           /system/lib64/libz.so
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+70eb0b5000-70eb0b6000 r--p 0001f000 fc:00 2604                           /system/lib64/libz.so
+70eb0b6000-70eb0b7000 rw-p 00020000 fc:00 2604                           /system/lib64/libz.so
+70eb0b7000-70eb0bb000 r--s 00000000 fc:00 289                            /system/fonts/NotoSansArmenian-Regular.ttf
+70eb0bb000-70eb0bc000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack guard]
+70eb0bc000-70eb0c0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack]
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+70eb0c4000-70eb0c5000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS guard]
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+70eb5ea000-70eb5f1000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:.bss]
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+70eb616000-70eb61a000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2479                           /system/lib64/libspeexresampler.so
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+70eb651000-70eb655000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270967                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb655000-70eb659000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270966                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb659000-70eb65d000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270965                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb65d000-70eb661000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270964                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb661000-70eb6c5000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 2461                           /system/lib64/libhidl-gen-utils.so
+70eb6c5000-70eb6df000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 
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+70eb6e2000-70eb6e6000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270963                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb6e6000-70eb6ea000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270962                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb6ea000-70eb6ee000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270961                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
+70eb6ee000-70eb6f2000 rw-p 00000000 00:05 10270960                       /dev/ashmem/dalvik-thread local mark stack (deleted)
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+70ebd4d000-70ebd4e000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc]
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+70ebd53000-70ebd5a000 rw-p 00000000 fc:00 583                            /system/etc/event-log-tags
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+70ebda9000-70ebdb3000 r--s 00000000 00:10 16560                          /dev/__properties__/property_info
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+70ebdb4000-70ebdb5000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebdb5000-70ebdb7000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:System property context nodes]
+70ebdb7000-70ebdb8000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
+70ebdb8000-70ebdba000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebdba000-70ebdbb000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc]
+70ebdbb000-70ebdbd000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebdbd000-70ebdbe000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:atexit handlers]
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+70ebdbf000-70ebdc0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebdc0000-70ebdc1000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
+70ebdc1000-70ebdc2000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebdc2000-70ebdc3000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
+70ebdc3000-70ebdc5000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebdc5000-70ebde5000 r--s 00000000 00:10 16600                          /dev/__properties__/u:object_r:exported_default_prop:s0
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+70ebde6000-70ebde8000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc]
+70ebde8000-70ebe08000 r--s 00000000 00:10 16582                          /dev/__properties__/u:object_r:debug_prop:s0
+70ebe08000-70ebe09000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 
+70ebe09000-70ebe0a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 
+70ebe0a000-70ebe0b000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 
+70ebe0b000-70ebe2b000 r--s 00000000 00:10 16669                          /dev/__properties__/properties_serial
+70ebe2b000-70ebe2d000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:System property context nodes]
+70ebe2d000-70ebf55000 r-xp 00000000 fc:00 3184                           /system/bin/linker64
+70ebf55000-70ebf5f000 r--s 00000000 00:10 16560                          /dev/__properties__/property_info
+70ebf5f000-70ebf60000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc]
+70ebf60000-70ebf61000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
+70ebf61000-70ebf62000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebf62000-70ebf63000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:arc4random data]
+70ebf63000-70ebf64000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
+70ebf64000-70ebf65000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:atexit handlers]
+70ebf65000-70ebf66000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack guard]
+70ebf66000-70ebf6a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:thread signal stack]
+70ebf6a000-70ebf6b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:arc4random data]
+70ebf6b000-70ebf6c000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS guard]
+70ebf6c000-70ebf6f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS]
+70ebf6f000-70ebf70000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0                              [anon:bionic TLS guard]
+70ebf70000-70ebf71000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0                              [vvar]
+70ebf71000-70ebf72000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0                              [vdso]
+70ebf72000-70ebf7d000 r--p 00135000 fc:00 3184                           /system/bin/linker64
+70ebf7d000-70ebf7e000 rw-p 00140000 fc:00 3184                           /system/bin/linker64
+70ebf7e000-70ebf81000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 
+70ebf81000-70ebf82000 r--p 00000000 00:00 0 
+70ebf82000-70ebf89000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 
+7fc7df1000-7fc7df2000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 
+7fc7df2000-7fc85f1000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0                              [stack]
diff --git a/libsparse/Android.bp b/libsparse/Android.bp
index b894656..c7c089f 100644
--- a/libsparse/Android.bp
+++ b/libsparse/Android.bp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libsparse",
     host_supported: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     unique_host_soname: true,
     srcs: [
         "backed_block.c",
diff --git a/libstats/Android.bp b/libstats/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d58f294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstats/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+// ==========================================================
+// Native library to write stats log to statsd socket
+// ==========================================================
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libstatssocket",
+    srcs: [
+        "stats_event_list.c",
+        "statsd_writer.c",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-DLIBLOG_LOG_TAG=1006",
+        "-DWRITE_TO_STATSD=1",
+        "-DWRITE_TO_LOGD=0",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/libstats/OWNERS b/libstats/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed06fbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstats/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+bookatz@google.com
+joeo@google.com
+yaochen@google.com
+yanglu@google.com
diff --git a/libstats/include/stats_event_list.h b/libstats/include/stats_event_list.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d174ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstats/include/stats_event_list.h
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_STATS_LOG_STATS_EVENT_LIST_H
+#define ANDROID_STATS_LOG_STATS_EVENT_LIST_H
+
+#include <log/log_event_list.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+void reset_log_context(android_log_context ctx);
+int write_to_logger(android_log_context context, log_id_t id);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+/**
+ * A copy of android_log_event_list class.
+ *
+ * android_log_event_list is going to be deprecated soon, so copy it here to
+ * avoid creating dependency on upstream code. TODO(b/78304629): Rewrite this
+ * code.
+ */
+class stats_event_list {
+  private:
+    android_log_context ctx;
+    int ret;
+
+    stats_event_list(const stats_event_list&) = delete;
+    void operator=(const stats_event_list&) = delete;
+
+  public:
+    explicit stats_event_list(int tag) : ret(0) {
+        ctx = create_android_logger(static_cast<uint32_t>(tag));
+    }
+    explicit stats_event_list(log_msg& log_msg) : ret(0) {
+        ctx = create_android_log_parser(log_msg.msg() + sizeof(uint32_t),
+                                        log_msg.entry.len - sizeof(uint32_t));
+    }
+    ~stats_event_list() { android_log_destroy(&ctx); }
+
+    int close() {
+        int retval = android_log_destroy(&ctx);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /* To allow above C calls to use this class as parameter */
+    operator android_log_context() const { return ctx; }
+
+    /* return errors or transmit status */
+    int status() const { return ret; }
+
+    int begin() {
+        int retval = android_log_write_list_begin(ctx);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+    int end() {
+        int retval = android_log_write_list_end(ctx);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(int32_t value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int32(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(uint32_t value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int32(ctx, static_cast<int32_t>(value));
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(bool value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int32(ctx, value ? 1 : 0);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(int64_t value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int64(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(uint64_t value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int64(ctx, static_cast<int64_t>(value));
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(const char* value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+#if defined(_USING_LIBCXX)
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(const std::string& value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8_len(ctx, value.data(), value.length());
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    stats_event_list& operator<<(float value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_float32(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    int write(log_id_t id = LOG_ID_EVENTS) {
+        /* facilitate -EBUSY retry */
+        if ((ret == -EBUSY) || (ret > 0)) {
+            ret = 0;
+        }
+        int retval = write_to_logger(ctx, id);
+        /* existing errors trump transmission errors */
+        if (!ret) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Append<Type> methods removes any integer promotion
+     * confusion, and adds access to string with length.
+     * Append methods are also added for all types for
+     * convenience.
+     */
+
+    bool AppendInt(int32_t value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int32(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+    bool AppendLong(int64_t value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_int64(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+    bool AppendString(const char* value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+    bool AppendString(const char* value, size_t len) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8_len(ctx, value, len);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+#if defined(_USING_LIBCXX)
+    bool AppendString(const std::string& value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8_len(ctx, value.data(), value.length());
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    bool Append(const std::string& value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8_len(ctx, value.data(), value.length());
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    bool AppendFloat(float value) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_float32(ctx, value);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+    template <typename Tvalue>
+    bool Append(Tvalue value) {
+        *this << value;
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+    bool Append(const char* value, size_t len) {
+        int retval = android_log_write_string8_len(ctx, value, len);
+        if (retval < 0) {
+            ret = retval;
+        }
+        return ret >= 0;
+    }
+
+    android_log_list_element read() { return android_log_read_next(ctx); }
+    android_log_list_element peek() { return android_log_peek_next(ctx); }
+};
+
+#endif
+#endif  // ANDROID_STATS_LOG_STATS_EVENT_LIST_H
diff --git a/libstats/stats_event_list.c b/libstats/stats_event_list.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d746db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstats/stats_event_list.c
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "include/stats_event_list.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include "statsd_writer.h"
+
+#define MAX_EVENT_PAYLOAD (LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD - sizeof(int32_t))
+
+typedef struct {
+    uint32_t tag;
+    unsigned pos;                                    /* Read/write position into buffer */
+    unsigned count[ANDROID_MAX_LIST_NEST_DEPTH + 1]; /* Number of elements   */
+    unsigned list[ANDROID_MAX_LIST_NEST_DEPTH + 1];  /* pos for list counter */
+    unsigned list_nest_depth;
+    unsigned len; /* Length or raw buffer. */
+    bool overflow;
+    bool list_stop; /* next call decrement list_nest_depth and issue a stop */
+    enum {
+        kAndroidLoggerRead = 1,
+        kAndroidLoggerWrite = 2,
+    } read_write_flag;
+    uint8_t storage[LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD];
+} android_log_context_internal;
+
+extern struct android_log_transport_write statsdLoggerWrite;
+
+static int __write_to_statsd_init(struct iovec* vec, size_t nr);
+static int (*write_to_statsd)(struct iovec* vec, size_t nr) = __write_to_statsd_init;
+
+// Similar to create_android_logger(), but instead of allocation a new buffer,
+// this function resets the buffer for resuse.
+void reset_log_context(android_log_context ctx) {
+    if (!ctx) {
+        return;
+    }
+    android_log_context_internal* context = (android_log_context_internal*)(ctx);
+    uint32_t tag = context->tag;
+    memset(context, 0, sizeof(android_log_context_internal));
+
+    context->tag = tag;
+    context->read_write_flag = kAndroidLoggerWrite;
+    size_t needed = sizeof(uint8_t) + sizeof(uint8_t);
+    if ((context->pos + needed) > MAX_EVENT_PAYLOAD) {
+        context->overflow = true;
+    }
+    /* Everything is a list */
+    context->storage[context->pos + 0] = EVENT_TYPE_LIST;
+    context->list[0] = context->pos + 1;
+    context->pos += needed;
+}
+
+int stats_write_list(android_log_context ctx) {
+    android_log_context_internal* context;
+    const char* msg;
+    ssize_t len;
+
+    context = (android_log_context_internal*)(ctx);
+    if (!context || (kAndroidLoggerWrite != context->read_write_flag)) {
+        return -EBADF;
+    }
+
+    if (context->list_nest_depth) {
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    /* NB: if there was overflow, then log is truncated. Nothing reported */
+    context->storage[1] = context->count[0];
+    len = context->len = context->pos;
+    msg = (const char*)context->storage;
+    /* it's not a list */
+    if (context->count[0] <= 1) {
+        len -= sizeof(uint8_t) + sizeof(uint8_t);
+        if (len < 0) {
+            len = 0;
+        }
+        msg += sizeof(uint8_t) + sizeof(uint8_t);
+    }
+
+    struct iovec vec[2];
+    vec[0].iov_base = &context->tag;
+    vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(context->tag);
+    vec[1].iov_base = (void*)msg;
+    vec[1].iov_len = len;
+    return write_to_statsd(vec, 2);
+}
+
+int write_to_logger(android_log_context ctx, log_id_t id) {
+    int retValue = 0;
+
+    if (WRITE_TO_LOGD) {
+        retValue = android_log_write_list(ctx, id);
+    }
+
+    if (WRITE_TO_STATSD) {
+        // log_event_list's cast operator is overloaded.
+        int ret = stats_write_list(ctx);
+        // In debugging phase, we may write to both logd and statsd. Prefer to
+        // return statsd socket write error code here.
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            retValue = ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return retValue;
+}
+
+/* log_init_lock assumed */
+static int __write_to_statsd_initialize_locked() {
+    if (!statsdLoggerWrite.open || ((*statsdLoggerWrite.open)() < 0)) {
+        if (statsdLoggerWrite.close) {
+            (*statsdLoggerWrite.close)();
+            return -ENODEV;
+        }
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int __write_to_stats_daemon(struct iovec* vec, size_t nr) {
+    int save_errno;
+    struct timespec ts;
+    size_t len, i;
+
+    for (len = i = 0; i < nr; ++i) {
+        len += vec[i].iov_len;
+    }
+    if (!len) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    save_errno = errno;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+
+    int ret = (int)(*statsdLoggerWrite.write)(&ts, vec, nr);
+    errno = save_errno;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int __write_to_statsd_init(struct iovec* vec, size_t nr) {
+    int ret, save_errno = errno;
+
+    statsd_writer_init_lock();
+
+    if (write_to_statsd == __write_to_statsd_init) {
+        ret = __write_to_statsd_initialize_locked();
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            statsd_writer_init_unlock();
+            errno = save_errno;
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        write_to_statsd = __write_to_stats_daemon;
+    }
+
+    statsd_writer_init_unlock();
+
+    ret = write_to_statsd(vec, nr);
+    errno = save_errno;
+    return ret;
+}
diff --git a/libstats/statsd_writer.c b/libstats/statsd_writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9953bba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstats/statsd_writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include "statsd_writer.h"
+
+#include <cutils/sockets.h>
+#include <endian.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#include <private/android_logger.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/un.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/* branchless on many architectures. */
+#define min(x, y) ((y) ^ (((x) ^ (y)) & -((x) < (y))))
+
+static pthread_mutex_t log_init_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
+void statsd_writer_init_lock() {
+    /*
+     * If we trigger a signal handler in the middle of locked activity and the
+     * signal handler logs a message, we could get into a deadlock state.
+     */
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&log_init_lock);
+}
+
+int statd_writer_trylock() {
+    return pthread_mutex_trylock(&log_init_lock);
+}
+
+void statsd_writer_init_unlock() {
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&log_init_lock);
+}
+
+static int statsdAvailable();
+static int statsdOpen();
+static void statsdClose();
+static int statsdWrite(struct timespec* ts, struct iovec* vec, size_t nr);
+
+struct android_log_transport_write statsdLoggerWrite = {
+    .name = "statsd",
+    .sock = -EBADF,
+    .available = statsdAvailable,
+    .open = statsdOpen,
+    .close = statsdClose,
+    .write = statsdWrite,
+};
+
+/* log_init_lock assumed */
+static int statsdOpen() {
+    int i, ret = 0;
+
+    i = atomic_load(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock);
+    if (i < 0) {
+        int sock = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0));
+        if (sock < 0) {
+            ret = -errno;
+        } else {
+            struct sockaddr_un un;
+            memset(&un, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
+            un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
+            strcpy(un.sun_path, "/dev/socket/statsdw");
+
+            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+                    connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&un, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un))) < 0) {
+                ret = -errno;
+                switch (ret) {
+                    case -ENOTCONN:
+                    case -ECONNREFUSED:
+                    case -ENOENT:
+                        i = atomic_exchange(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock, ret);
+                    /* FALLTHRU */
+                    default:
+                        break;
+                }
+                close(sock);
+            } else {
+                ret = atomic_exchange(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock, sock);
+                if ((ret >= 0) && (ret != sock)) {
+                    close(ret);
+                }
+                ret = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void __statsdClose(int negative_errno) {
+    int sock = atomic_exchange(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock, negative_errno);
+    if (sock >= 0) {
+        close(sock);
+    }
+}
+
+static void statsdClose() {
+    __statsdClose(-EBADF);
+}
+
+static int statsdAvailable() {
+    if (atomic_load(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock) < 0) {
+        if (access("/dev/socket/statsdw", W_OK) == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return -EBADF;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int statsdWrite(struct timespec* ts, struct iovec* vec, size_t nr) {
+    ssize_t ret;
+    int sock;
+    static const unsigned headerLength = 1;
+    struct iovec newVec[nr + headerLength];
+    android_log_header_t header;
+    size_t i, payloadSize;
+    static atomic_int dropped;
+
+    sock = atomic_load(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock);
+    if (sock < 0) switch (sock) {
+            case -ENOTCONN:
+            case -ECONNREFUSED:
+            case -ENOENT:
+                break;
+            default:
+                return -EBADF;
+        }
+    /*
+     *  struct {
+     *      // what we provide to socket
+     *      android_log_header_t header;
+     *      // caller provides
+     *      union {
+     *          struct {
+     *              char     prio;
+     *              char     payload[];
+     *          } string;
+     *          struct {
+     *              uint32_t tag
+     *              char     payload[];
+     *          } binary;
+     *      };
+     *  };
+     */
+
+    header.tid = gettid();
+    header.realtime.tv_sec = ts->tv_sec;
+    header.realtime.tv_nsec = ts->tv_nsec;
+
+    newVec[0].iov_base = (unsigned char*)&header;
+    newVec[0].iov_len = sizeof(header);
+
+    // If we dropped events before, try to tell statsd.
+    if (sock >= 0) {
+        int32_t snapshot = atomic_exchange_explicit(&dropped, 0, memory_order_relaxed);
+        if (snapshot) {
+            android_log_event_int_t buffer;
+            header.id = LOG_ID_STATS;
+            buffer.header.tag = htole32(LIBLOG_LOG_TAG);
+            buffer.payload.type = EVENT_TYPE_INT;
+            buffer.payload.data = htole32(snapshot);
+
+            newVec[headerLength].iov_base = &buffer;
+            newVec[headerLength].iov_len = sizeof(buffer);
+
+            ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(sock, newVec, 2));
+            if (ret != (ssize_t)(sizeof(header) + sizeof(buffer))) {
+                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&dropped, snapshot, memory_order_relaxed);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    header.id = LOG_ID_STATS;
+
+    for (payloadSize = 0, i = headerLength; i < nr + headerLength; i++) {
+        newVec[i].iov_base = vec[i - headerLength].iov_base;
+        payloadSize += newVec[i].iov_len = vec[i - headerLength].iov_len;
+
+        if (payloadSize > LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD) {
+            newVec[i].iov_len -= payloadSize - LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD;
+            if (newVec[i].iov_len) {
+                ++i;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * The write below could be lost, but will never block.
+     *
+     * ENOTCONN occurs if statsd has died.
+     * ENOENT occurs if statsd is not running and socket is missing.
+     * ECONNREFUSED occurs if we can not reconnect to statsd.
+     * EAGAIN occurs if statsd is overloaded.
+     */
+    if (sock < 0) {
+        ret = sock;
+    } else {
+        ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(sock, newVec, i));
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            ret = -errno;
+        }
+    }
+    switch (ret) {
+        case -ENOTCONN:
+        case -ECONNREFUSED:
+        case -ENOENT:
+            if (statd_writer_trylock()) {
+                return ret; /* in a signal handler? try again when less stressed
+                             */
+            }
+            __statsdClose(ret);
+            ret = statsdOpen();
+            statsd_writer_init_unlock();
+
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                return ret;
+            }
+
+            ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(atomic_load(&statsdLoggerWrite.sock), newVec, i));
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                ret = -errno;
+            }
+        /* FALLTHRU */
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+
+    if (ret > (ssize_t)sizeof(header)) {
+        ret -= sizeof(header);
+    } else if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
+        atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&dropped, 1, memory_order_relaxed);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
diff --git a/libstats/statsd_writer.h b/libstats/statsd_writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82e14e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libstats/statsd_writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_STATS_LOG_STATS_WRITER_H
+#define ANDROID_STATS_LOG_STATS_WRITER_H
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+
+/**
+ * Internal lock should not be exposed. This is bad design.
+ * TODO: rewrite it in c++ code and encapsulate the functionality in a
+ * StatsdWriter class.
+ */
+void statsd_writer_init_lock();
+int statsd_writer_init_trylock();
+void statsd_writer_init_unlock();
+
+struct android_log_transport_write {
+    const char* name; /* human name to describe the transport */
+    atomic_int sock;
+    int (*available)(); /* Does not cause resources to be taken */
+    int (*open)();      /* can be called multiple times, reusing current resources */
+    void (*close)();    /* free up resources */
+    /* write log to transport, returns number of bytes propagated, or -errno */
+    int (*write)(struct timespec* ts, struct iovec* vec, size_t nr);
+};
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_STATS_LOG_STATS_WRITER_H
diff --git a/libsync/Android.bp b/libsync/Android.bp
index 3fae5e6..c95563d 100644
--- a/libsync/Android.bp
+++ b/libsync/Android.bp
@@ -40,13 +40,6 @@
 }
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "sync_test",
-    defaults: ["libsync_defaults"],
-    gtest: false,
-    srcs: ["sync_test.c"],
-}
-
-cc_test {
     name: "sync-unit-tests",
     shared_libs: ["libsync"],
     srcs: ["tests/sync_test.cpp"],
diff --git a/libsync/OWNERS b/libsync/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc61733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libsync/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ghackmann@google.com
+jessehall@google.com
+marissaw@google.com
diff --git a/libsync/sync_test.c b/libsync/sync_test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f1ffdcf..0000000
--- a/libsync/sync_test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  sync_test.c
- *
- *   Copyright 2012 Google, Inc
- *
- *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- *  limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <pthread.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <android/sync.h>
-#include "sw_sync.h"
-
-pthread_mutex_t printf_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
-
-struct sync_thread_data {
-    int thread_no;
-    int fd[2];
-};
-
-void *sync_thread(void *data)
-{
-    struct sync_thread_data *sync_data = data;
-    struct sync_fence_info_data *info;
-    int err;
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-        err = sync_wait(sync_data->fd[i], 10000);
-
-        pthread_mutex_lock(&printf_mutex);
-        if (err < 0) {
-            printf("thread %d wait %d failed: %s\n", sync_data->thread_no,
-                   i, strerror(errno));
-        } else {
-            printf("thread %d wait %d done\n", sync_data->thread_no, i);
-        }
-        info = sync_fence_info(sync_data->fd[i]);
-        if (info) {
-            struct sync_pt_info *pt_info = NULL;
-            printf("  fence %s %d\n", info->name, info->status);
-
-            while ((pt_info = sync_pt_info(info, pt_info))) {
-                int ts_sec = pt_info->timestamp_ns / 1000000000LL;
-                int ts_usec = (pt_info->timestamp_ns % 1000000000LL) / 1000LL;
-                printf("    pt %s %s %d %d.%06d", pt_info->obj_name,
-                       pt_info->driver_name, pt_info->status,
-                       ts_sec, ts_usec);
-                if (!strcmp(pt_info->driver_name, "sw_sync"))
-                    printf(" val=%d\n", *(uint32_t *)pt_info->driver_data);
-                else
-                    printf("\n");
-            }
-            sync_fence_info_free(info);
-        }
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(&printf_mutex);
-    }
-
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-int main(int argc __attribute__((unused)), char *argv[] __attribute__((unused)))
-{
-    struct sync_thread_data sync_data[4];
-    pthread_t threads[4];
-    int sync_timeline_fd;
-    int i, j;
-    char str[256];
-
-    sync_timeline_fd = sw_sync_timeline_create();
-    if (sync_timeline_fd < 0) {
-        perror("can't create sw_sync_timeline:");
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-        sync_data[i].thread_no = i;
-
-        for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
-            unsigned val = i + j * 3 + 1;
-            snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "test_fence%d-%d", i, j);
-            int fd = sw_sync_fence_create(sync_timeline_fd, str, val);
-            if (fd < 0) {
-                printf("can't create sync pt %d: %s", val, strerror(errno));
-                return 1;
-            }
-            sync_data[i].fd[j] = fd;
-            printf("sync_data[%d].fd[%d] = %d;\n", i, j, fd);
-
-        }
-    }
-
-    sync_data[3].thread_no = 3;
-    for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
-        snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "merged_fence%d", j);
-        sync_data[3].fd[j] = sync_merge(str, sync_data[0].fd[j], sync_data[1].fd[j]);
-        if (sync_data[3].fd[j] < 0) {
-            printf("can't merge sync pts %d and %d: %s\n",
-                   sync_data[0].fd[j], sync_data[1].fd[j], strerror(errno));
-            return 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
-        pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, sync_thread, &sync_data[i]);
-
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-        int err;
-        printf("press enter to inc to %d\n", i+1);
-        fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
-        err = sw_sync_timeline_inc(sync_timeline_fd, 1);
-        if (err < 0) {
-            perror("can't increment sync obj:");
-            return 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    printf("press enter to close sync_timeline\n");
-    fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
-
-    close(sync_timeline_fd);
-
-    printf("press enter to end test\n");
-    fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-        void *val;
-        pthread_join(threads[i], &val);
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
diff --git a/libsystem/Android.bp b/libsystem/Android.bp
index 82bf1bc..2e22b43 100644
--- a/libsystem/Android.bp
+++ b/libsystem/Android.bp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libsystem_headers",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 
diff --git a/libsysutils/include/sysutils/OWNERS b/libsysutils/include/sysutils/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b78918e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libsysutils/include/sysutils/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+per-file Netlink* = ek@google.com
+per-file Netlink* = lorenzo@google.com
diff --git a/libsysutils/src/OWNERS b/libsysutils/src/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b78918e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libsysutils/src/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+per-file Netlink* = ek@google.com
+per-file Netlink* = lorenzo@google.com
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Android.bp b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
index d411cee..d4cef7c 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Android.bp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "libunwindstack",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     vndk: {
         enabled: true,
         support_system_process: true,
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@
         "MapInfo.cpp",
         "Maps.cpp",
         "Memory.cpp",
+        "LocalUnwinder.cpp",
         "Regs.cpp",
         "RegsArm.cpp",
         "RegsArm64.cpp",
@@ -93,6 +95,14 @@
             ],
             exclude_shared_libs: ["libdexfile"],
         },
+        recovery: {
+            cflags: ["-DNO_LIBDEXFILE_SUPPORT"],
+            exclude_srcs: [
+                "DexFile.cpp",
+                "DexFiles.cpp",
+            ],
+            exclude_shared_libs: ["libdexfile"],
+        },
     },
 
     arch: {
@@ -110,6 +120,10 @@
         },
     },
 
+    static_libs: [
+        "libprocinfo",
+    ],
+
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libdexfile",
@@ -121,6 +135,21 @@
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Unit Tests
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+cc_test_library {
+    name: "libunwindstack_local",
+    defaults: ["libunwindstack_flags"],
+    srcs: ["tests/TestLocal.cpp"],
+
+    cflags: [
+        "-O0",
+        "-g",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libunwindstack",
+    ],
+}
+
 cc_test {
     name: "libunwindstack_test",
     defaults: ["libunwindstack_flags"],
@@ -147,6 +176,7 @@
         "tests/ElfTest.cpp",
         "tests/ElfTestUtils.cpp",
         "tests/JitDebugTest.cpp",
+        "tests/LocalUnwinderTest.cpp",
         "tests/LogFake.cpp",
         "tests/MapInfoGetElfTest.cpp",
         "tests/MapInfoGetLoadBiasTest.cpp",
@@ -198,9 +228,13 @@
         "tests/files/offline/jit_debug_x86/*",
         "tests/files/offline/jit_map_arm/*",
         "tests/files/offline/gnu_debugdata_arm/*",
+        "tests/files/offline/offset_arm/*",
         "tests/files/offline/straddle_arm/*",
         "tests/files/offline/straddle_arm64/*",
     ],
+    required: [
+        "libunwindstack_local",
+    ],
 }
 
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -215,6 +249,15 @@
         "libbase",
         "liblzma",
     ],
+    target: {
+        // Always disable optimizations for host to make it easier to debug.
+        host: {
+            cflags: [
+                "-O0",
+                "-g",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
 }
 
 cc_binary {
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp b/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
index 02f8a9a..3762107 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
@@ -160,14 +160,14 @@
 }
 
 // The relative pc is always relative to the start of the map from which it comes.
-bool Elf::Step(uint64_t rel_pc, uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc, uint64_t elf_offset, Regs* regs,
-               Memory* process_memory, bool* finished) {
+bool Elf::Step(uint64_t rel_pc, uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory,
+               bool* finished) {
   if (!valid_) {
     return false;
   }
 
   // The relative pc expectd by StepIfSignalHandler is relative to the start of the elf.
-  if (regs->StepIfSignalHandler(rel_pc + elf_offset, this, process_memory)) {
+  if (regs->StepIfSignalHandler(rel_pc, this, process_memory)) {
     *finished = false;
     return true;
   }
diff --git a/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp b/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
index 10afe33..4c05a1b 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@
 
   ISzAlloc alloc;
   CXzUnpacker state;
-  alloc.Alloc = [](void*, size_t size) { return malloc(size); };
-  alloc.Free = [](void*, void* ptr) { return free(ptr); };
+  alloc.Alloc = [](ISzAllocPtr, size_t size) { return malloc(size); };
+  alloc.Free = [](ISzAllocPtr, void* ptr) { return free(ptr); };
 
   XzUnpacker_Construct(&state, &alloc);
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
       dst_remaining += 2 * gnu_debugdata_size_;
     }
     return_val = XzUnpacker_Code(&state, dst->GetPtr(dst_offset), &dst_remaining, &src[src_offset],
-                                 &src_remaining, CODER_FINISH_ANY, &status);
+                                 &src_remaining, true, CODER_FINISH_ANY, &status);
     src_offset += src_remaining;
     dst_offset += dst_remaining;
   } while (return_val == SZ_OK && status == CODER_STATUS_NOT_FINISHED);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/LocalUnwinder.cpp b/libunwindstack/LocalUnwinder.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..952b332
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/LocalUnwinder.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *    distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+ * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
+ * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
+ * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <unwindstack/Elf.h>
+#include <unwindstack/LocalUnwinder.h>
+#include <unwindstack/MapInfo.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Maps.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Regs.h>
+#include <unwindstack/RegsGetLocal.h>
+
+namespace unwindstack {
+
+bool LocalUnwinder::Init() {
+  pthread_rwlock_init(&maps_rwlock_, nullptr);
+
+  // Create the maps.
+  maps_.reset(new unwindstack::LocalUpdatableMaps());
+  if (!maps_->Parse()) {
+    maps_.reset();
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  process_memory_ = unwindstack::Memory::CreateProcessMemory(getpid());
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool LocalUnwinder::ShouldSkipLibrary(const std::string& map_name) {
+  for (const std::string& skip_library : skip_libraries_) {
+    if (skip_library == map_name) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+MapInfo* LocalUnwinder::GetMapInfo(uint64_t pc) {
+  pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&maps_rwlock_);
+  MapInfo* map_info = maps_->Find(pc);
+  pthread_rwlock_unlock(&maps_rwlock_);
+
+  if (map_info == nullptr) {
+    pthread_rwlock_wrlock(&maps_rwlock_);
+    // This is guaranteed not to invalidate any previous MapInfo objects so
+    // we don't need to worry about any MapInfo* values already in use.
+    if (maps_->Reparse()) {
+      map_info = maps_->Find(pc);
+    }
+    pthread_rwlock_unlock(&maps_rwlock_);
+  }
+
+  return map_info;
+}
+
+bool LocalUnwinder::Unwind(std::vector<LocalFrameData>* frame_info, size_t max_frames) {
+  std::unique_ptr<unwindstack::Regs> regs(unwindstack::Regs::CreateFromLocal());
+  unwindstack::RegsGetLocal(regs.get());
+
+  size_t num_frames = 0;
+  bool adjust_pc = false;
+  while (true) {
+    uint64_t cur_pc = regs->pc();
+    uint64_t cur_sp = regs->sp();
+
+    MapInfo* map_info = GetMapInfo(cur_pc);
+    if (map_info == nullptr) {
+      break;
+    }
+
+    Elf* elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory_, true);
+    uint64_t rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(cur_pc, map_info);
+    uint64_t step_pc = rel_pc;
+    uint64_t pc_adjustment;
+    if (adjust_pc) {
+      pc_adjustment = regs->GetPcAdjustment(rel_pc, elf);
+    } else {
+      pc_adjustment = 0;
+    }
+    step_pc -= pc_adjustment;
+    // Skip any locations that are within this library.
+    if (num_frames != 0 || !ShouldSkipLibrary(map_info->name)) {
+      // Add frame information.
+      std::string func_name;
+      uint64_t func_offset;
+      if (elf->GetFunctionName(rel_pc, &func_name, &func_offset)) {
+        frame_info->emplace_back(map_info, cur_pc - pc_adjustment, rel_pc - pc_adjustment,
+                                 func_name, func_offset);
+      } else {
+        frame_info->emplace_back(map_info, cur_pc - pc_adjustment, rel_pc - pc_adjustment, "", 0);
+      }
+      num_frames++;
+    }
+    if (!elf->valid()) {
+      break;
+    }
+    if (frame_info->size() == max_frames) {
+      break;
+    }
+
+    adjust_pc = true;
+    bool finished;
+    if (!elf->Step(rel_pc, step_pc, regs.get(), process_memory_.get(), &finished) || finished) {
+      break;
+    }
+    // pc and sp are the same, terminate the unwind.
+    if (cur_pc == regs->pc() && cur_sp == regs->sp()) {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  return num_frames != 0;
+}
+
+}  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp b/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp
index e1a1a71..e676a5a 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cctype>
@@ -57,150 +58,16 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-// Assumes that line does not end in '\n'.
-static MapInfo* InternalParseLine(const char* line) {
-  // Do not use a sscanf implementation since it is not performant.
-
-  // Example linux /proc/<pid>/maps lines:
-  // 6f000000-6f01e000 rwxp 00000000 00:0c 16389419   /system/lib/libcomposer.so
-  char* str;
-  const char* old_str = line;
-  uint64_t start = strtoull(old_str, &str, 16);
-  if (old_str == str || *str++ != '-') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  old_str = str;
-  uint64_t end = strtoull(old_str, &str, 16);
-  if (old_str == str || !std::isspace(*str++)) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  while (std::isspace(*str)) {
-    str++;
-  }
-
-  // Parse permissions data.
-  if (*str == '\0') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  uint16_t flags = 0;
-  if (*str == 'r') {
-    flags |= PROT_READ;
-  } else if (*str != '-') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  str++;
-  if (*str == 'w') {
-    flags |= PROT_WRITE;
-  } else if (*str != '-') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  str++;
-  if (*str == 'x') {
-    flags |= PROT_EXEC;
-  } else if (*str != '-') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  str++;
-  if (*str != 'p' && *str != 's') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  str++;
-
-  if (!std::isspace(*str++)) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  old_str = str;
-  uint64_t offset = strtoull(old_str, &str, 16);
-  if (old_str == str || !std::isspace(*str)) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  // Ignore the 00:00 values.
-  old_str = str;
-  (void)strtoull(old_str, &str, 16);
-  if (old_str == str || *str++ != ':') {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-  if (std::isspace(*str)) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  // Skip the inode.
-  old_str = str;
-  (void)strtoull(str, &str, 16);
-  if (old_str == str || !std::isspace(*str++)) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  // Skip decimal digit.
-  old_str = str;
-  (void)strtoull(old_str, &str, 10);
-  if (old_str == str || (!std::isspace(*str) && *str != '\0')) {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-
-  while (std::isspace(*str)) {
-    str++;
-  }
-  if (*str == '\0') {
-    return new MapInfo(start, end, offset, flags, "");
-  }
-
-  // Save the name data.
-  std::string name(str);
-
-  // Mark a device map in /dev/ and not in /dev/ashmem/ specially.
-  if (name.substr(0, 5) == "/dev/" && name.substr(5, 7) != "ashmem/") {
-    flags |= MAPS_FLAGS_DEVICE_MAP;
-  }
-  return new MapInfo(start, end, offset, flags, name);
-}
-
 bool Maps::Parse() {
-  int fd = open(GetMapsFile().c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-  if (fd == -1) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  bool return_value = true;
-  char buffer[2048];
-  size_t leftover = 0;
-  while (true) {
-    ssize_t bytes = read(fd, &buffer[leftover], 2048 - leftover);
-    if (bytes == -1) {
-      return_value = false;
-      break;
-    }
-    if (bytes == 0) {
-      break;
-    }
-    bytes += leftover;
-    char* line = buffer;
-    while (bytes > 0) {
-      char* newline = static_cast<char*>(memchr(line, '\n', bytes));
-      if (newline == nullptr) {
-        memmove(buffer, line, bytes);
-        break;
-      }
-      *newline = '\0';
-
-      MapInfo* map_info = InternalParseLine(line);
-      if (map_info == nullptr) {
-        return_value = false;
-        break;
-      }
-      maps_.push_back(map_info);
-
-      bytes -= newline - line + 1;
-      line = newline + 1;
-    }
-    leftover = bytes;
-  }
-  close(fd);
-  return return_value;
+  return android::procinfo::ReadMapFile(
+      GetMapsFile(),
+      [&](uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff, const char* name) {
+        // Mark a device map in /dev/ and not in /dev/ashmem/ specially.
+        if (strncmp(name, "/dev/", 5) == 0 && strncmp(name + 5, "ashmem/", 7) != 0) {
+          flags |= unwindstack::MAPS_FLAGS_DEVICE_MAP;
+        }
+        maps_.push_back(new MapInfo(start, end, pgoff, flags, name));
+      });
 }
 
 void Maps::Add(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint64_t offset, uint64_t flags,
@@ -222,30 +89,99 @@
 }
 
 bool BufferMaps::Parse() {
-  const char* start_of_line = buffer_;
-  do {
-    std::string line;
-    const char* end_of_line = strchr(start_of_line, '\n');
-    if (end_of_line == nullptr) {
-      line = start_of_line;
-    } else {
-      line = std::string(start_of_line, end_of_line - start_of_line);
-      end_of_line++;
-    }
-
-    MapInfo* map_info = InternalParseLine(line.c_str());
-    if (map_info == nullptr) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    maps_.push_back(map_info);
-
-    start_of_line = end_of_line;
-  } while (start_of_line != nullptr && *start_of_line != '\0');
-  return true;
+  std::string content(buffer_);
+  return android::procinfo::ReadMapFileContent(
+      &content[0],
+      [&](uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff, const char* name) {
+        // Mark a device map in /dev/ and not in /dev/ashmem/ specially.
+        if (strncmp(name, "/dev/", 5) == 0 && strncmp(name + 5, "ashmem/", 7) != 0) {
+          flags |= unwindstack::MAPS_FLAGS_DEVICE_MAP;
+        }
+        maps_.push_back(new MapInfo(start, end, pgoff, flags, name));
+      });
 }
 
 const std::string RemoteMaps::GetMapsFile() const {
   return "/proc/" + std::to_string(pid_) + "/maps";
 }
 
+const std::string LocalUpdatableMaps::GetMapsFile() const {
+  return "/proc/self/maps";
+}
+
+bool LocalUpdatableMaps::Reparse() {
+  // New maps will be added at the end without deleting the old ones.
+  size_t last_map_idx = maps_.size();
+  if (!Parse()) {
+    // Delete any maps added by the Parse call.
+    for (size_t i = last_map_idx; i < maps_.size(); i++) {
+      delete maps_[i];
+    }
+    maps_.resize(last_map_idx);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  size_t total_entries = maps_.size();
+  size_t search_map_idx = 0;
+  for (size_t new_map_idx = last_map_idx; new_map_idx < maps_.size(); new_map_idx++) {
+    MapInfo* new_map_info = maps_[new_map_idx];
+    uint64_t start = new_map_info->start;
+    uint64_t end = new_map_info->end;
+    uint64_t flags = new_map_info->flags;
+    std::string* name = &new_map_info->name;
+    for (size_t old_map_idx = search_map_idx; old_map_idx < last_map_idx; old_map_idx++) {
+      MapInfo* info = maps_[old_map_idx];
+      if (start == info->start && end == info->end && flags == info->flags && *name == info->name) {
+        // No need to check
+        search_map_idx = old_map_idx + 1;
+        delete new_map_info;
+        maps_[new_map_idx] = nullptr;
+        total_entries--;
+        break;
+      } else if (info->start > start) {
+        // Stop, there isn't going to be a match.
+        search_map_idx = old_map_idx;
+        break;
+      }
+
+      // Never delete these maps, they may be in use. The assumption is
+      // that there will only every be a handfull of these so waiting
+      // to destroy them is not too expensive.
+      saved_maps_.push_back(info);
+      maps_[old_map_idx] = nullptr;
+      total_entries--;
+    }
+    if (search_map_idx >= last_map_idx) {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Now move out any of the maps that never were found.
+  for (size_t i = search_map_idx; i < last_map_idx; i++) {
+    saved_maps_.push_back(maps_[i]);
+    maps_[i] = nullptr;
+    total_entries--;
+  }
+
+  // Sort all of the values such that the nullptrs wind up at the end, then
+  // resize them away.
+  std::sort(maps_.begin(), maps_.end(), [](const auto* a, const auto* b) {
+    if (a == nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    } else if (b == nullptr) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    return a->start < b->start;
+  });
+  maps_.resize(total_entries);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+LocalUpdatableMaps::~LocalUpdatableMaps() {
+  for (auto map_info : saved_maps_) {
+    delete map_info;
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp b/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
index 9a6c6df..099cc9e 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
@@ -220,8 +220,7 @@
           in_device_map = true;
         } else {
           bool finished;
-          stepped = elf->Step(rel_pc, step_pc, map_info->elf_offset, regs_, process_memory_.get(),
-                              &finished);
+          stepped = elf->Step(rel_pc, step_pc, regs_, process_memory_.get(), &finished);
           elf->GetLastError(&last_error_);
           if (stepped && finished) {
             break;
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
index 385973e..f4cdbda 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@
 
   uint64_t GetRelPc(uint64_t pc, const MapInfo* map_info);
 
-  bool Step(uint64_t rel_pc, uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc, uint64_t elf_offset, Regs* regs,
-            Memory* process_memory, bool* finished);
+  bool Step(uint64_t rel_pc, uint64_t adjusted_rel_pc, Regs* regs, Memory* process_memory,
+            bool* finished);
 
   ElfInterface* CreateInterfaceFromMemory(Memory* memory);
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/LocalUnwinder.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/LocalUnwinder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80bb53e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/LocalUnwinder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LIBUNWINDSTACK_LOCAL_UNWINDER_H
+#define _LIBUNWINDSTACK_LOCAL_UNWINDER_H
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <unwindstack/Error.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Maps.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
+
+namespace unwindstack {
+
+// Forward declarations.
+class Elf;
+struct MapInfo;
+
+struct LocalFrameData {
+  LocalFrameData(MapInfo* map_info, uint64_t pc, uint64_t rel_pc, const std::string& function_name,
+                 uint64_t function_offset)
+      : map_info(map_info),
+        pc(pc),
+        rel_pc(rel_pc),
+        function_name(function_name),
+        function_offset(function_offset) {}
+
+  MapInfo* map_info;
+  uint64_t pc;
+  uint64_t rel_pc;
+  std::string function_name;
+  uint64_t function_offset;
+};
+
+// This is a specialized class that should only be used for doing local unwinds.
+// The Unwind call can be made as multiple times on the same object, and it can
+// be called by multiple threads at the same time.
+// It is designed to be used in debugging circumstances to get a stack trace
+// as fast as possible.
+class LocalUnwinder {
+ public:
+  LocalUnwinder() = default;
+  LocalUnwinder(const std::vector<std::string>& skip_libraries) : skip_libraries_(skip_libraries) {}
+  ~LocalUnwinder() = default;
+
+  bool Init();
+
+  bool Unwind(std::vector<LocalFrameData>* frame_info, size_t max_frames);
+
+  bool ShouldSkipLibrary(const std::string& map_name);
+
+  MapInfo* GetMapInfo(uint64_t pc);
+
+  ErrorCode LastErrorCode() { return last_error_.code; }
+  uint64_t LastErrorAddress() { return last_error_.address; }
+
+ private:
+  pthread_rwlock_t maps_rwlock_;
+  std::unique_ptr<LocalUpdatableMaps> maps_ = nullptr;
+  std::shared_ptr<Memory> process_memory_;
+  std::vector<std::string> skip_libraries_;
+  ErrorData last_error_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace unwindstack
+
+#endif  // _LIBUNWINDSTACK_LOCAL_UNWINDER_H
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
index a57fe68..ac0df41 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@
 struct MapInfo {
   MapInfo() = default;
   MapInfo(uint64_t start, uint64_t end) : start(start), end(end) {}
+  MapInfo(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint64_t offset, uint64_t flags, const char* name)
+      : start(start),
+        end(end),
+        offset(offset),
+        flags(flags),
+        name(name),
+        load_bias(static_cast<uint64_t>(-1)) {}
   MapInfo(uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint64_t offset, uint64_t flags, const std::string& name)
       : start(start),
         end(end),
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h
index 74e5c47..67fbed2 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h
@@ -87,6 +87,19 @@
   virtual ~LocalMaps() = default;
 };
 
+class LocalUpdatableMaps : public Maps {
+ public:
+  LocalUpdatableMaps() : Maps() {}
+  virtual ~LocalUpdatableMaps();
+
+  bool Reparse();
+
+  const std::string GetMapsFile() const override;
+
+ private:
+  std::vector<MapInfo*> saved_maps_;
+};
+
 class BufferMaps : public Maps {
  public:
   BufferMaps(const char* buffer) : buffer_(buffer) {}
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp
index f9028c4..aecbf6d 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/ElfTest.cpp
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
   ASSERT_FALSE(elf.GetFunctionName(0, &name, &func_offset));
 
   bool finished;
-  ASSERT_FALSE(elf.Step(0, 0, 0, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(elf.Step(0, 0, nullptr, nullptr, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(ElfTest, elf32_invalid_machine) {
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
   elf.FakeSetValid(true);
   elf.FakeSetLoadBias(0);
   bool finished;
-  ASSERT_TRUE(elf.Step(0x1000, 0x1000, 0x2000, &regs, &process_memory, &finished));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(elf.Step(0x3000, 0x1000, &regs, &process_memory, &finished));
   EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
   EXPECT_EQ(15U, regs.pc());
   EXPECT_EQ(13U, regs.sp());
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*interface, Step(0x1000, 0, &regs, &process_memory, &finished))
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(true));
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(elf.Step(0x1004, 0x1000, 0x2000, &regs, &process_memory, &finished));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(elf.Step(0x1004, 0x1000, &regs, &process_memory, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(ElfTest, step_in_interface_non_zero_load_bias) {
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*interface, Step(0x7300, 0x4000, &regs, &process_memory, &finished))
       .WillOnce(::testing::Return(true));
 
-  ASSERT_TRUE(elf.Step(0x7304, 0x7300, 0x2000, &regs, &process_memory, &finished));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(elf.Step(0x7304, 0x7300, &regs, &process_memory, &finished));
 }
 
 TEST_F(ElfTest, get_global_invalid_elf) {
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/LocalUnwinderTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/LocalUnwinderTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56a18cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/LocalUnwinderTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
+#include <unwindstack/LocalUnwinder.h>
+
+namespace unwindstack {
+
+static std::vector<LocalFrameData>* g_frame_info;
+static LocalUnwinder* g_unwinder;
+
+extern "C" void SignalLocalInnerFunction() {
+  g_unwinder->Unwind(g_frame_info, 256);
+}
+
+extern "C" void SignalLocalMiddleFunction() {
+  SignalLocalInnerFunction();
+}
+
+extern "C" void SignalLocalOuterFunction() {
+  SignalLocalMiddleFunction();
+}
+
+static void SignalLocalCallerHandler(int, siginfo_t*, void*) {
+  SignalLocalOuterFunction();
+}
+
+static std::string ErrorMsg(const std::vector<const char*>& function_names,
+                            const std::vector<LocalFrameData>& frame_info) {
+  std::string unwind;
+  size_t i = 0;
+  for (const auto& frame : frame_info) {
+    unwind += android::base::StringPrintf("#%02zu pc 0x%" PRIx64 " rel_pc 0x%" PRIx64, i++,
+                                          frame.pc, frame.rel_pc);
+    if (frame.map_info != nullptr) {
+      if (!frame.map_info->name.empty()) {
+        unwind += " " + frame.map_info->name;
+      } else {
+        unwind += android::base::StringPrintf(" 0x%" PRIx64 "-0x%" PRIx64, frame.map_info->start,
+                                              frame.map_info->end);
+      }
+      if (frame.map_info->offset != 0) {
+        unwind += android::base::StringPrintf(" offset 0x%" PRIx64, frame.map_info->offset);
+      }
+    }
+    if (!frame.function_name.empty()) {
+      unwind += " " + frame.function_name;
+      if (frame.function_offset != 0) {
+        unwind += android::base::StringPrintf("+%" PRId64, frame.function_offset);
+      }
+    }
+    unwind += '\n';
+  }
+
+  return std::string(
+             "Unwind completed without finding all frames\n"
+             "  Looking for function: ") +
+         function_names.front() + "\n" + "Unwind data:\n" + unwind;
+}
+
+// This test assumes that this code is compiled with optimizations turned
+// off. If this doesn't happen, then all of the calls will be optimized
+// away.
+extern "C" void LocalInnerFunction(LocalUnwinder* unwinder, bool unwind_through_signal) {
+  std::vector<LocalFrameData> frame_info;
+  g_frame_info = &frame_info;
+  g_unwinder = unwinder;
+  std::vector<const char*> expected_function_names;
+
+  if (unwind_through_signal) {
+    struct sigaction act, oldact;
+    memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
+    act.sa_sigaction = SignalLocalCallerHandler;
+    act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART | SA_ONSTACK;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGUSR1, &act, &oldact));
+
+    raise(SIGUSR1);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGUSR1, &oldact, nullptr));
+
+    expected_function_names = {"LocalOuterFunction",        "LocalMiddleFunction",
+                               "LocalInnerFunction",        "SignalLocalOuterFunction",
+                               "SignalLocalMiddleFunction", "SignalLocalInnerFunction"};
+  } else {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(unwinder->Unwind(&frame_info, 256));
+
+    expected_function_names = {"LocalOuterFunction", "LocalMiddleFunction", "LocalInnerFunction"};
+  }
+
+  for (auto& frame : frame_info) {
+    if (frame.function_name == expected_function_names.back()) {
+      expected_function_names.pop_back();
+      if (expected_function_names.empty()) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(expected_function_names.empty()) << ErrorMsg(expected_function_names, frame_info);
+}
+
+extern "C" void LocalMiddleFunction(LocalUnwinder* unwinder, bool unwind_through_signal) {
+  LocalInnerFunction(unwinder, unwind_through_signal);
+}
+
+extern "C" void LocalOuterFunction(LocalUnwinder* unwinder, bool unwind_through_signal) {
+  LocalMiddleFunction(unwinder, unwind_through_signal);
+}
+
+class LocalUnwinderTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    unwinder_.reset(new LocalUnwinder);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(unwinder_->Init());
+  }
+
+  std::unique_ptr<LocalUnwinder> unwinder_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(LocalUnwinderTest, local) {
+  LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(LocalUnwinderTest, local_signal) {
+  LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(LocalUnwinderTest, local_multiple) {
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), false));
+
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), true));
+
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), false));
+
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), true));
+}
+
+// This test verifies that doing an unwind before and after a dlopen
+// works. It's verifying that the maps read during the first unwind
+// do not cause a problem when doing the unwind using the code in
+// the dlopen'd code.
+TEST_F(LocalUnwinderTest, unwind_after_dlopen) {
+  // Prime the maps data.
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(LocalOuterFunction(unwinder_.get(), false));
+
+  std::string testlib(testing::internal::GetArgvs()[0]);
+  auto const value = testlib.find_last_of('/');
+  if (value == std::string::npos) {
+    testlib = "../";
+  } else {
+    testlib = testlib.substr(0, value + 1) + "../";
+  }
+  testlib += "libunwindstack_local.so";
+
+  void* handle = dlopen(testlib.c_str(), RTLD_NOW);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(handle != nullptr);
+
+  void (*unwind_function)(void*, void*) =
+      reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void*, void*)>(dlsym(handle, "TestlibLevel1"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(unwind_function != nullptr);
+
+  std::vector<LocalFrameData> frame_info;
+  unwind_function(unwinder_.get(), &frame_info);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, dlclose(handle));
+
+  std::vector<const char*> expected_function_names{"TestlibLevel1", "TestlibLevel2",
+                                                   "TestlibLevel3", "TestlibLevel4"};
+
+  for (auto& frame : frame_info) {
+    if (frame.function_name == expected_function_names.back()) {
+      expected_function_names.pop_back();
+      if (expected_function_names.empty()) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(expected_function_names.empty()) << ErrorMsg(expected_function_names, frame_info);
+}
+
+}  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/TestLocal.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/TestLocal.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa0baff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/TestLocal.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <unwindstack/LocalUnwinder.h>
+
+#include <vector>
+
+extern "C" void TestlibLevel4(void* unwinder_data, void* frame_data) {
+  unwindstack::LocalUnwinder* unwinder =
+      reinterpret_cast<unwindstack::LocalUnwinder*>(unwinder_data);
+  std::vector<unwindstack::LocalFrameData>* frame_info =
+      reinterpret_cast<std::vector<unwindstack::LocalFrameData>*>(frame_data);
+  unwinder->Unwind(frame_info, 256);
+}
+
+extern "C" void TestlibLevel3(void* unwinder_data, void* frame_data) {
+  TestlibLevel4(unwinder_data, frame_data);
+}
+
+extern "C" void TestlibLevel2(void* unwinder_data, void* frame_data) {
+  TestlibLevel3(unwinder_data, frame_data);
+}
+
+extern "C" void TestlibLevel1(void* unwinder_data, void* frame_data) {
+  TestlibLevel2(unwinder_data, frame_data);
+}
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp
index 2b8f0c2..285fc9e 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindOfflineTest.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@
 
 namespace unwindstack {
 
+static void AddMemory(std::string file_name, MemoryOfflineParts* parts) {
+  MemoryOffline* memory = new MemoryOffline;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Init(file_name.c_str(), 0));
+  parts->Add(memory);
+}
+
 class UnwindOfflineTest : public ::testing::Test {
  protected:
   void TearDown() override {
@@ -64,9 +70,24 @@
     maps_.reset(new BufferMaps(data.c_str()));
     ASSERT_TRUE(maps_->Parse());
 
-    std::unique_ptr<MemoryOffline> stack_memory(new MemoryOffline);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(stack_memory->Init((dir_ + "stack.data").c_str(), 0));
-    process_memory_.reset(stack_memory.release());
+    std::string stack_name(dir_ + "stack.data");
+    struct stat st;
+    if (stat(stack_name.c_str(), &st) == 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+      std::unique_ptr<MemoryOffline> stack_memory(new MemoryOffline);
+      ASSERT_TRUE(stack_memory->Init((dir_ + "stack.data").c_str(), 0));
+      process_memory_.reset(stack_memory.release());
+    } else {
+      std::unique_ptr<MemoryOfflineParts> stack_memory(new MemoryOfflineParts);
+      for (size_t i = 0;; i++) {
+        stack_name = dir_ + "stack" + std::to_string(i) + ".data";
+        if (stat(stack_name.c_str(), &st) == -1 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
+          ASSERT_TRUE(i != 0) << "No stack data files found.";
+          break;
+        }
+        AddMemory(stack_name, stack_memory.get());
+      }
+      process_memory_.reset(stack_memory.release());
+    }
 
     switch (arch) {
       case ARCH_ARM: {
@@ -180,7 +201,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, pc_straddle_arm) {
-  Init("straddle_arm/", ARCH_ARM);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("straddle_arm/", ARCH_ARM));
 
   Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
@@ -204,7 +225,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, pc_in_gnu_debugdata_arm) {
-  Init("gnu_debugdata_arm/", ARCH_ARM);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("gnu_debugdata_arm/", ARCH_ARM));
 
   Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
@@ -224,7 +245,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, pc_straddle_arm64) {
-  Init("straddle_arm64/", ARCH_ARM64);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("straddle_arm64/", ARCH_ARM64));
 
   Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
@@ -255,14 +276,8 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(0x7fe0d84110U, unwinder.frames()[5].sp);
 }
 
-static void AddMemory(std::string file_name, MemoryOfflineParts* parts) {
-  MemoryOffline* memory = new MemoryOffline;
-  ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Init(file_name.c_str(), 0));
-  parts->Add(memory);
-}
-
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, jit_debug_x86) {
-  Init("jit_debug_x86/", ARCH_X86);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("jit_debug_x86/", ARCH_X86));
 
   MemoryOfflineParts* memory = new MemoryOfflineParts;
   AddMemory(dir_ + "descriptor.data", memory);
@@ -555,7 +570,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, jit_debug_arm) {
-  Init("jit_debug_arm/", ARCH_ARM);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("jit_debug_arm/", ARCH_ARM));
 
   MemoryOfflineParts* memory = new MemoryOfflineParts;
   AddMemory(dir_ + "descriptor.data", memory);
@@ -873,7 +888,7 @@
 // fallback to iterating over the cies/fdes and ignore the eh_frame_hdr.
 // No .gnu_debugdata section in the elf file, so no symbols.
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, bad_eh_frame_hdr_arm64) {
-  Init("bad_eh_frame_hdr_arm64/", ARCH_ARM64);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("bad_eh_frame_hdr_arm64/", ARCH_ARM64));
 
   Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
@@ -902,7 +917,7 @@
 // The elf has bad eh_frame unwind information for the pcs. If eh_frame
 // is used first, the unwind will not match the expected output.
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, debug_frame_first_x86) {
-  Init("debug_frame_first_x86/", ARCH_X86);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("debug_frame_first_x86/", ARCH_X86));
 
   Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
@@ -930,7 +945,7 @@
 
 // Make sure that a pc that is at the beginning of an fde unwinds correctly.
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, eh_frame_hdr_begin_x86_64) {
-  Init("eh_frame_hdr_begin_x86_64/", ARCH_X86_64);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("eh_frame_hdr_begin_x86_64/", ARCH_X86_64));
 
   Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
@@ -957,7 +972,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, art_quick_osr_stub_arm) {
-  Init("art_quick_osr_stub_arm/", ARCH_ARM);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("art_quick_osr_stub_arm/", ARCH_ARM));
 
   MemoryOfflineParts* memory = new MemoryOfflineParts;
   AddMemory(dir_ + "descriptor.data", memory);
@@ -1072,7 +1087,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, jit_map_arm) {
-  Init("jit_map_arm/", ARCH_ARM);
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("jit_map_arm/", ARCH_ARM));
 
   maps_->Add(0xd025c788, 0xd025c9f0, 0, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC | MAPS_FLAGS_JIT_SYMFILE_MAP,
              "jit_map0.so", 0);
@@ -1111,4 +1126,78 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(0xcd4ff960U, unwinder.frames()[5].sp);
 }
 
+TEST_F(UnwindOfflineTest, offset_arm) {
+  ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Init("offset_arm/", ARCH_ARM));
+
+  Unwinder unwinder(128, maps_.get(), regs_.get(), process_memory_);
+  unwinder.Unwind();
+
+  std::string frame_info(DumpFrames(unwinder));
+  ASSERT_EQ(19U, unwinder.NumFrames()) << "Unwind:\n" << frame_info;
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      "  #00 pc 0032bfa0 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (SignalInnerFunction+40)\n"
+      "  #01 pc 0032bfeb (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (SignalMiddleFunction+2)\n"
+      "  #02 pc 0032bff3 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (SignalOuterFunction+2)\n"
+      "  #03 pc 0032fed3 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test "
+      "(_ZN11unwindstackL19SignalCallerHandlerEiP7siginfoPv+26)\n"
+      "  #04 pc 00026528 (offset 0x25000)  libc.so\n"
+      "  #05 pc 00000000  <unknown>\n"
+      "  #06 pc 0032c2d9 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (InnerFunction+736)\n"
+      "  #07 pc 0032cc4f (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (MiddleFunction+42)\n"
+      "  #08 pc 0032cc81 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (OuterFunction+42)\n"
+      "  #09 pc 0032e547 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test "
+      "(_ZN11unwindstackL19RemoteThroughSignalEij+270)\n"
+      "  #10 pc 0032ed99 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test "
+      "(_ZN11unwindstack55UnwindTest_remote_through_signal_with_invalid_func_Test8TestBodyEv+16)\n"
+      "  #11 pc 00354453 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (_ZN7testing4Test3RunEv+154)\n"
+      "  #12 pc 00354de7 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (_ZN7testing8TestInfo3RunEv+194)\n"
+      "  #13 pc 00355105 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (_ZN7testing8TestCase3RunEv+180)\n"
+      "  #14 pc 0035a215 (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test "
+      "(_ZN7testing8internal12UnitTestImpl11RunAllTestsEv+664)\n"
+      "  #15 pc 00359f4f (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (_ZN7testing8UnitTest3RunEv+110)\n"
+      "  #16 pc 0034d3db (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (main+38)\n"
+      "  #17 pc 00092c0d (offset 0x25000)  libc.so (__libc_init+48)\n"
+      "  #18 pc 0004202f (offset 0x42000)  libunwindstack_test (_start_main+38)\n",
+      frame_info);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e55fa0U, unwinder.frames()[0].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf43d2cccU, unwinder.frames()[0].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e55febU, unwinder.frames()[1].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf43d2ce0U, unwinder.frames()[1].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e55ff3U, unwinder.frames()[2].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf43d2ce8U, unwinder.frames()[2].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e59ed3U, unwinder.frames()[3].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf43d2cf0U, unwinder.frames()[3].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf4136528U, unwinder.frames()[4].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf43d2d10U, unwinder.frames()[4].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, unwinder.frames()[5].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc0ee0U, unwinder.frames()[5].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e562d9U, unwinder.frames()[6].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc0ee0U, unwinder.frames()[6].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e56c4fU, unwinder.frames()[7].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1060U, unwinder.frames()[7].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e56c81U, unwinder.frames()[8].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1078U, unwinder.frames()[8].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e58547U, unwinder.frames()[9].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1090U, unwinder.frames()[9].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e58d99U, unwinder.frames()[10].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1438U, unwinder.frames()[10].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e7e453U, unwinder.frames()[11].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1448U, unwinder.frames()[11].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e7ede7U, unwinder.frames()[12].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1458U, unwinder.frames()[12].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e7f105U, unwinder.frames()[13].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1490U, unwinder.frames()[13].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e84215U, unwinder.frames()[14].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc14c0U, unwinder.frames()[14].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e83f4fU, unwinder.frames()[15].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1510U, unwinder.frames()[15].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2e773dbU, unwinder.frames()[16].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1528U, unwinder.frames()[16].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf41a2c0dU, unwinder.frames()[17].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1540U, unwinder.frames()[17].sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x2b6c02fU, unwinder.frames()[18].pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xffcc1558U, unwinder.frames()[18].sp);
+}
+
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
index 242cc6a..83695bb 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
@@ -106,15 +106,12 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(512, maps, regs, process_memory);
   unwinder.Unwind();
 
-  std::string expected_function = expected_function_names.back();
-  expected_function_names.pop_back();
   for (auto& frame : unwinder.frames()) {
-    if (frame.function_name == expected_function) {
+    if (frame.function_name == expected_function_names.back()) {
+      expected_function_names.pop_back();
       if (expected_function_names.empty()) {
         break;
       }
-      expected_function = expected_function_names.back();
-      expected_function_names.pop_back();
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/libc.so b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/libc.so
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f5c8ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/libc.so
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/libunwindstack_test b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/libunwindstack_test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a30bfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/libunwindstack_test
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/maps.txt b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/maps.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6224464
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/maps.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+2b6c000-2e92000 r-xp 42000 00:00 0   libunwindstack_test
+f4135000-f41a9000 r-xp 25000 00:00 0   libc.so
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/regs.txt b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/regs.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f4ac8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/regs.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+r0: 5
+r1: 5
+r2: 4
+r3: 1
+r4: 73804b6b
+r5: f3c9c000
+r6: 2ea09ac
+r7: 10624dd3
+r8: f41b5d8c
+r9: f3c9c000
+r10: 6f17
+r11: f3c94048
+ip: 2ea0807
+sp: f43d2ccc
+lr: 2e55fef
+pc: 2e55fa0
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/stack0.data b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/stack0.data
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23a9874
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/stack0.data
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/stack1.data b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/stack1.data
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49bdd1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/files/offline/offset_arm/stack1.data
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_for_offline.cpp b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_for_offline.cpp
index 74868d4..640992f 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_for_offline.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_for_offline.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <unwindstack/Elf.h>
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@
 bool SaveRegs(unwindstack::Regs* regs) {
   std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen("regs.txt", "w+"), &fclose);
   if (fp == nullptr) {
-    printf("Failed to create file regs.txt.\n");
+    perror("Failed to create file regs.txt");
     return false;
   }
   regs->IterateRegisters([&fp](const char* name, uint64_t value) {
@@ -78,30 +79,45 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-bool SaveStack(pid_t pid, uint64_t sp_start, uint64_t sp_end) {
-  std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen("stack.data", "w+"), &fclose);
-  if (fp == nullptr) {
-    printf("Failed to create stack.data.\n");
-    return false;
-  }
+bool SaveStack(pid_t pid, const std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t>>& stacks) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < stacks.size(); i++) {
+    std::string file_name;
+    if (stacks.size() != 1) {
+      file_name = "stack" + std::to_string(i) + ".data";
+    } else {
+      file_name = "stack.data";
+    }
 
-  size_t bytes = fwrite(&sp_start, 1, sizeof(sp_start), fp.get());
-  if (bytes != sizeof(sp_start)) {
-    perror("Failed to write all data.");
-    return false;
-  }
+    // Do this first, so if it fails, we don't create the file.
+    uint64_t sp_start = stacks[i].first;
+    uint64_t sp_end = stacks[i].second;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(sp_end - sp_start);
+    auto process_memory = unwindstack::Memory::CreateProcessMemory(pid);
+    if (!process_memory->Read(sp_start, buffer.data(), buffer.size())) {
+      printf("Unable to read stack data.\n");
+      return false;
+    }
 
-  std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(sp_end - sp_start);
-  auto process_memory = unwindstack::Memory::CreateProcessMemory(pid);
-  if (!process_memory->Read(sp_start, buffer.data(), buffer.size())) {
-    printf("Unable to read stack data.\n");
-    return false;
-  }
+    printf("Saving the stack 0x%" PRIx64 "-0x%" PRIx64 "\n", sp_start, sp_end);
 
-  bytes = fwrite(buffer.data(), 1, buffer.size(), fp.get());
-  if (bytes != buffer.size()) {
-    printf("Failed to write all stack data: stack size %zu, written %zu\n", buffer.size(), bytes);
-    return 1;
+    std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen(file_name.c_str(), "w+"), &fclose);
+    if (fp == nullptr) {
+      perror("Failed to create stack.data");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    size_t bytes = fwrite(&sp_start, 1, sizeof(sp_start), fp.get());
+    if (bytes != sizeof(sp_start)) {
+      printf("Failed to write sp_start data: sizeof(sp_start) %zu, written %zu\n", sizeof(sp_start),
+             bytes);
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    bytes = fwrite(buffer.data(), 1, buffer.size(), fp.get());
+    if (bytes != buffer.size()) {
+      printf("Failed to write all stack data: stack size %zu, written %zu\n", buffer.size(), bytes);
+      return false;
+    }
   }
 
   return true;
@@ -110,17 +126,11 @@
 bool CreateElfFromMemory(std::shared_ptr<unwindstack::Memory>& memory, map_info_t* info) {
   std::string cur_name;
   if (info->name.empty()) {
-    cur_name = android::base::StringPrintf("anonymous:%" PRIx64, info->start);
+    cur_name = android::base::StringPrintf("anonymous_%" PRIx64, info->start);
   } else {
-    cur_name = basename(info->name.c_str());
-    cur_name = android::base::StringPrintf("%s:%" PRIx64, basename(info->name.c_str()), info->start);
+    cur_name = android::base::StringPrintf("%s_%" PRIx64, basename(info->name.c_str()), info->start);
   }
 
-  std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> output(fopen(cur_name.c_str(), "w+"), &fclose);
-  if (output == nullptr) {
-    printf("Cannot create %s\n", cur_name.c_str());
-    return false;
-  }
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(info->end - info->start);
   // If this is a mapped in file, it might not be possible to read the entire
   // map, so read all that is readable.
@@ -129,6 +139,13 @@
     printf("Cannot read data from address %" PRIx64 " length %zu\n", info->start, buffer.size());
     return false;
   }
+
+  std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> output(fopen(cur_name.c_str(), "w+"), &fclose);
+  if (output == nullptr) {
+    perror((std::string("Cannot create ") + cur_name).c_str());
+    return false;
+  }
+
   size_t bytes_written = fwrite(buffer.data(), 1, bytes, output.get());
   if (bytes_written != bytes) {
     printf("Failed to write all data to file: bytes read %zu, written %zu\n", bytes, bytes_written);
@@ -144,13 +161,14 @@
 bool CopyElfFromFile(map_info_t* info) {
   std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen(info->name.c_str(), "r"), &fclose);
   if (fp == nullptr) {
+    perror((std::string("Cannot open ") + info->name).c_str());
     return false;
   }
 
   std::string cur_name = basename(info->name.c_str());
   std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> output(fopen(cur_name.c_str(), "w+"), &fclose);
   if (output == nullptr) {
-    printf("Cannot create file %s\n", cur_name.c_str());
+    perror((std::string("Cannot create file " + cur_name)).c_str());
     return false;
   }
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(10000);
@@ -198,9 +216,21 @@
   unwinder.Unwind();
 
   std::unordered_map<uint64_t, map_info_t> maps_by_start;
-  uint64_t last_sp;
+  std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t>> stacks;
+  uint64_t sp_map_start = 0;
+  unwindstack::MapInfo* map_info = maps.Find(sp);
+  if (map_info != nullptr) {
+    stacks.emplace_back(std::make_pair(sp, map_info->end));
+    sp_map_start = map_info->start;
+  }
+
   for (auto frame : unwinder.frames()) {
-    last_sp = frame.sp;
+    map_info = maps.Find(frame.sp);
+    if (map_info != nullptr && sp_map_start != map_info->start) {
+      stacks.emplace_back(std::make_pair(frame.sp, map_info->end));
+      sp_map_start = map_info->start;
+    }
+
     if (maps_by_start.count(frame.map_start) == 0) {
       auto info = &maps_by_start[frame.map_start];
       info->start = frame.map_start;
@@ -211,7 +241,12 @@
         // Try to create the elf from memory, this will handle cases where
         // the data only exists in memory such as vdso data on x86.
         if (!CreateElfFromMemory(process_memory, info)) {
-          return 1;
+          printf("Ignoring map ");
+          if (!info->name.empty()) {
+            printf("%s\n", info->name.c_str());
+          } else {
+            printf("anonymous:%" PRIx64 "\n", info->start);
+          }
         }
       }
     }
@@ -221,7 +256,7 @@
     printf("%s\n", unwinder.FormatFrame(i).c_str());
   }
 
-  if (!SaveStack(pid, sp, last_sp)) {
+  if (!SaveStack(pid, stacks)) {
     return 1;
   }
 
@@ -232,7 +267,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen("maps.txt", "w+"), &fclose);
   if (fp == nullptr) {
-    printf("Failed to create maps.txt.\n");
+    perror("Failed to create maps.txt");
     return false;
   }
 
diff --git a/libutils/Android.bp b/libutils/Android.bp
index 0d7925a..9395ef8 100644
--- a/libutils/Android.bp
+++ b/libutils/Android.bp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 cc_library_headers {
     name: "libutils_headers",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     host_supported: true,
 
     header_libs: [
diff --git a/lmkd/lmkd.c b/lmkd/lmkd.c
index 80711bc..1cfef34 100644
--- a/lmkd/lmkd.c
+++ b/lmkd/lmkd.c
@@ -472,47 +472,50 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    if (params.oomadj >= 900) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 0;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 800) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 0;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 700) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 0;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 600) {
-        // Launcher should be perceptible, don't kill it.
-        params.oomadj = 200;
-        soft_limit_mult = 1;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 500) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 0;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 400) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 0;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 300) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 1;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 200) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 2;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >= 100) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 10;
-    } else if (params.oomadj >=   0) {
-        soft_limit_mult = 20;
-    } else {
-        // Persistent processes will have a large
-        // soft limit 512MB.
-        soft_limit_mult = 64;
+    if (low_ram_device) {
+        if (params.oomadj >= 900) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 0;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 800) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 0;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 700) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 0;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 600) {
+            // Launcher should be perceptible, don't kill it.
+            params.oomadj = 200;
+            soft_limit_mult = 1;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 500) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 0;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 400) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 0;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 300) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 1;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 200) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 2;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >= 100) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 10;
+        } else if (params.oomadj >=   0) {
+            soft_limit_mult = 20;
+        } else {
+            // Persistent processes will have a large
+            // soft limit 512MB.
+            soft_limit_mult = 64;
+        }
+
+        snprintf(path, sizeof(path), MEMCG_SYSFS_PATH
+                 "apps/uid_%d/pid_%d/memory.soft_limit_in_bytes",
+                 params.uid, params.pid);
+        snprintf(val, sizeof(val), "%d", soft_limit_mult * EIGHT_MEGA);
+
+        /*
+         * system_server process has no memcg under /dev/memcg/apps but should be
+         * registered with lmkd. This is the best way so far to identify it.
+         */
+        is_system_server = (params.oomadj == SYSTEM_ADJ &&
+                            (pwdrec = getpwnam("system")) != NULL &&
+                            params.uid == pwdrec->pw_uid);
+        writefilestring(path, val, !is_system_server);
     }
 
-    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), MEMCG_SYSFS_PATH "apps/uid_%d/pid_%d/memory.soft_limit_in_bytes",
-             params.uid, params.pid);
-    snprintf(val, sizeof(val), "%d", soft_limit_mult * EIGHT_MEGA);
-
-    /*
-     * system_server process has no memcg under /dev/memcg/apps but should be
-     * registered with lmkd. This is the best way so far to identify it.
-     */
-    is_system_server = (params.oomadj == SYSTEM_ADJ &&
-                        (pwdrec = getpwnam("system")) != NULL &&
-                        params.uid == pwdrec->pw_uid);
-    writefilestring(path, val, !is_system_server);
-
     procp = pid_lookup(params.pid);
     if (!procp) {
             procp = malloc(sizeof(struct proc));
@@ -1150,8 +1153,15 @@
             }
         }
 
-        if (min_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX + 1)
+        if (min_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX + 1) {
+            if (debug_process_killing) {
+                ALOGI("Ignore %s memory pressure event "
+                      "(free memory=%ldkB, cache=%ldkB, limit=%ldkB)",
+                      level_name[level], other_free * page_k, other_file * page_k,
+                      (long)lowmem_minfree[lowmem_targets_size - 1] * page_k);
+            }
             return;
+        }
 
         /* Free up enough pages to push over the highest minfree level */
         pages_to_free = lowmem_minfree[lowmem_targets_size - 1] -
diff --git a/logwrapper/Android.bp b/logwrapper/Android.bp
index d4ba4f4..c378646 100644
--- a/logwrapper/Android.bp
+++ b/logwrapper/Android.bp
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 cc_library {
     name: "liblogwrap",
     defaults: ["logwrapper_defaults"],
+    recovery_available: true,
     srcs: ["logwrap.c"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libcutils",
diff --git a/mkbootimg/include/bootimg/bootimg.h b/mkbootimg/include/bootimg/bootimg.h
index 406e208..bce308b 100644
--- a/mkbootimg/include/bootimg/bootimg.h
+++ b/mkbootimg/include/bootimg/bootimg.h
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 
 struct boot_img_hdr_v1 : public boot_img_hdr_v0 {
     uint32_t recovery_dtbo_size;   /* size in bytes for recovery DTBO image */
-    uint64_t recovery_dtbo_offset; /* physical load addr */
+    uint64_t recovery_dtbo_offset; /* offset to recovery dtbo in boot image */
     uint32_t header_size;
 } __attribute__((packed));
 
@@ -138,11 +138,14 @@
  * 1. kernel and ramdisk are required (size != 0)
  * 2. recovery_dtbo is required for recovery.img in non-A/B devices(recovery_dtbo_size != 0)
  * 3. second is optional (second_size == 0 -> no second)
- * 4. load each element (kernel, ramdisk, second, recovery_dtbo) at
+ * 4. load each element (kernel, ramdisk, second) at
  *    the specified physical address (kernel_addr, etc)
- * 5. prepare tags at tag_addr.  kernel_args[] is
+ * 5. If booting to recovery mode in a non-A/B device, extract recovery dtbo and
+ *    apply the correct set of overlays on the base device tree depending on the
+ *    hardware/product revision.
+ * 6. prepare tags at tag_addr.  kernel_args[] is
  *    appended to the kernel commandline in the tags.
- * 6. r0 = 0, r1 = MACHINE_TYPE, r2 = tags_addr
- * 7. if second_size != 0: jump to second_addr
+ * 7. r0 = 0, r1 = MACHINE_TYPE, r2 = tags_addr
+ * 8. if second_size != 0: jump to second_addr
  *    else: jump to kernel_addr
  */
diff --git a/mkbootimg/mkbootimg b/mkbootimg/mkbootimg
index ac20d05..fda9af0 100755
--- a/mkbootimg/mkbootimg
+++ b/mkbootimg/mkbootimg
@@ -45,6 +45,22 @@
     f.write(pack(str(pad) + 'x'))
 
 
+def get_number_of_pages(image_size, page_size):
+    """calculates the number of pages required for the image"""
+    return (image_size + page_size - 1) / page_size
+
+
+def get_recovery_dtbo_offset(args):
+    """calculates the offset of recovery_dtbo image in the boot image"""
+    num_header_pages = 1 # header occupies a page
+    num_kernel_pages = get_number_of_pages(filesize(args.kernel), args.pagesize)
+    num_ramdisk_pages = get_number_of_pages(filesize(args.ramdisk), args.pagesize)
+    num_second_pages = get_number_of_pages(filesize(args.second), args.pagesize)
+    dtbo_offset = args.pagesize * (num_header_pages + num_kernel_pages +
+                                   num_ramdisk_pages + num_second_pages)
+    return dtbo_offset
+
+
 def write_header(args):
     BOOT_MAGIC = 'ANDROID!'.encode()
     args.output.write(pack('8s', BOOT_MAGIC))
@@ -76,9 +92,12 @@
     args.output.write(pack('1024s', args.cmdline[512:].encode()))
 
     if args.header_version > 0:
-        args.output.write(pack('I', filesize(args.recovery_dtbo)))           # size in bytes
-        args.output.write(pack('Q', args.base + args.recovery_dtbo_offset))  # physical load addr
-        args.output.write(pack('I', args.output.tell() + 4))                 # size of boot header
+        args.output.write(pack('I', filesize(args.recovery_dtbo)))   # size in bytes
+        if args.recovery_dtbo:
+            args.output.write(pack('Q', get_recovery_dtbo_offset(args))) # recovery dtbo offset
+        else:
+            args.output.write(pack('Q', 0)) # Will be set to 0 for devices without a recovery dtbo
+        args.output.write(pack('I', args.output.tell() + 4))         # size of boot header
 
     pad_file(args.output, args.pagesize)
     return img_id
@@ -150,8 +169,6 @@
     parser.add_argument('--ramdisk_offset', help='ramdisk offset', type=parse_int, default=0x01000000)
     parser.add_argument('--second_offset', help='2nd bootloader offset', type=parse_int,
                         default=0x00f00000)
-    parser.add_argument('--recovery_dtbo_offset', help='recovery dtbo offset', type=parse_int,
-                        default=0x0f000000)
     parser.add_argument('--os_version', help='operating system version', type=parse_os_version,
                         default=0)
     parser.add_argument('--os_patch_level', help='operating system patch level',
diff --git a/mkbootimg/unpack_bootimg b/mkbootimg/unpack_bootimg
index 8e42ec0..c37acd5 100755
--- a/mkbootimg/unpack_bootimg
+++ b/mkbootimg/unpack_bootimg
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@
     if version > 0:
         recovery_dtbo_size = unpack('I', args.boot_img.read(1 * 4))[0]
         print('recovery dtbo size: %s' % recovery_dtbo_size)
-        recovery_dtbo_address = unpack('Q', args.boot_img.read(8))[0]
-        print('recovery dtbo load address: %s' % recovery_dtbo_address)
+        recovery_dtbo_offset = unpack('Q', args.boot_img.read(8))[0]
+        print('recovery dtbo offset: %s' % recovery_dtbo_offset)
         boot_header_size = unpack('I', args.boot_img.read(4))[0]
         print('boot header size: %s' % boot_header_size)
     else:
@@ -95,16 +95,13 @@
                                  ) # header + kernel
     image_info_list.append((ramdisk_offset, ramdisk_size, 'ramdisk'))
 
-    num_second_pages = get_number_of_pages(second_size, page_size)
     second_offset = page_size * (
         num_header_pages + num_kernel_pages + num_ramdisk_pages
     )  # header + kernel + ramdisk
     image_info_list.append((second_offset, second_size, 'second'))
 
     if recovery_dtbo_size > 0:
-        dtbo_offset = page_size * (num_header_pages + num_kernel_pages +
-                                   num_ramdisk_pages + num_second_pages)
-        image_info_list.append((dtbo_offset, recovery_dtbo_size,
+        image_info_list.append((recovery_dtbo_offset, recovery_dtbo_size,
                                 'recovery_dtbo'))
 
     for image_info in image_info_list:
diff --git a/property_service/libpropertyinfoparser/Android.bp b/property_service/libpropertyinfoparser/Android.bp
index ea9b968..70f6faa 100644
--- a/property_service/libpropertyinfoparser/Android.bp
+++ b/property_service/libpropertyinfoparser/Android.bp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
     name: "libpropertyinfoparser",
     host_supported: true,
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     srcs: ["property_info_parser.cpp"],
 
     cpp_std: "experimental",
diff --git a/qemu_pipe/Android.bp b/qemu_pipe/Android.bp
index 93c347b..c6bda4a 100644
--- a/qemu_pipe/Android.bp
+++ b/qemu_pipe/Android.bp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libqemu_pipe",
     vendor_available: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
     sanitize: {
         misc_undefined: ["integer"],
     },
diff --git a/rootdir/Android.mk b/rootdir/Android.mk
index f488ed5..3c9e5f3 100644
--- a/rootdir/Android.mk
+++ b/rootdir/Android.mk
@@ -147,13 +147,10 @@
 bcp_md5 :=
 bcp_dep :=
 
-# If BOARD_VNDK_VERSION is defined, append PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION to base name.
+# Append PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION to base name.
 define append_vndk_version
 $(strip \
-  $(if $(BOARD_VNDK_VERSION), \
-    $(basename $(1)).$(PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION)$(suffix $(1)), \
-    $(1) \
-  ) \
+  $(basename $(1)).$(PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION)$(suffix $(1)) \
 )
 endef
 
@@ -215,31 +212,46 @@
 vndk_version_suffix :=
 endef # update_and_install_ld_config
 
+
+#######################################
+# ld.config.txt selection variables
+#
+_enforce_vndk_at_runtime := false
+ifdef BOARD_VNDK_VERSION
+  ifneq ($(BOARD_VNDK_RUNTIME_DISABLE),true)
+    _enforce_vndk_at_runtime := true
+  endif
+endif
+
+_enforce_vndk_lite_at_runtime := false
+ifeq ($(_enforce_vndk_at_runtime),false)
+  ifeq ($(PRODUCT_TREBLE_LINKER_NAMESPACES)|$(SANITIZE_TARGET),true|)
+    _enforce_vndk_lite_at_runtime := true
+  endif
+endif
+
 #######################################
 # ld.config.txt
 #
 # For VNDK enforced devices that have defined BOARD_VNDK_VERSION, use
 # "ld.config.txt" as a source file. This configuration includes strict VNDK
 # run-time restrictions for vendor process.
+#
 # Other treblized devices, that have not defined BOARD_VNDK_VERSION or that
 # have set BOARD_VNDK_RUNTIME_DISABLE to true, use "ld.config.vndk_lite.txt"
 # as a source file. This configuration does not have strict VNDK run-time
 # restrictions.
+#
 # If the device is not treblized, use "ld.config.legacy.txt" for legacy
 # namespace configuration.
+#
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 LOCAL_MODULE := ld.config.txt
 LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := ETC
 LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_ETC)
 
-_enforce_vndk_at_runtime := false
-ifdef BOARD_VNDK_VERSION
-ifneq ($(BOARD_VNDK_RUNTIME_DISABLE),true)
-  _enforce_vndk_at_runtime := true
-endif
-endif
-
 ifeq ($(_enforce_vndk_at_runtime),true)
+
 # for VNDK enforced devices
 LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := $(call append_vndk_version,$(LOCAL_MODULE))
 include $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/base_rules.mk
@@ -248,37 +260,36 @@
   $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE),\
   $(PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION)))
 
-else ifeq ($(PRODUCT_TREBLE_LINKER_NAMESPACES)|$(SANITIZE_TARGET),true|)
-# for treblized but VNDK non-enforced devices
-LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := $(call append_vndk_version,$(LOCAL_MODULE))
+else ifeq ($(_enforce_vndk_lite_at_runtime),true)
+
+# for treblized but VNDK lightly enforced devices
+LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := ld.config.vndk_lite.txt
 include $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/base_rules.mk
 $(eval $(call update_and_install_ld_config,\
   $(LOCAL_PATH)/etc/ld.config.vndk_lite.txt,\
   $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE),\
-  $(if $(BOARD_VNDK_VERSION),$(PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION)),\
+  $(PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION),\
   true))
 
 else
+
 # for legacy non-treblized devices
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := etc/ld.config.legacy.txt
 LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := $(LOCAL_MODULE)
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := etc/ld.config.legacy.txt
 include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)
 
-endif # if _enforce_vndk_at_runtime is true
+endif  # ifeq ($(_enforce_vndk_at_runtime),true)
 
-_enforce_vndk_at_runtime :=
 
 #######################################
-# ld.config.noenforce.txt
+# ld.config.vndk_lite.txt
 #
-# This file is a temporary configuration file only for GSI. Originally GSI has
-# BOARD_VNDK_VERSION defined and has strict VNDK enforcing rule based on
-# "ld.config.txt". However for the devices, that have not defined
-# BOARD_VNDK_VERSION, GSI provides this configuration file which is based on
-# "ld.config.vndk_lite.txt".
-# Do not install this file for the devices other than GSI.
+# This module is only for GSI.
+#
+ifeq ($(_enforce_vndk_lite_at_runtime),false)
+
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := ld.config.noenforce.txt
+LOCAL_MODULE := ld.config.vndk_lite.txt
 LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := ETC
 LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_ETC)
 LOCAL_MODULE_STEM := $(LOCAL_MODULE)
@@ -289,6 +300,11 @@
   $(PLATFORM_VNDK_VERSION),\
   true))
 
+endif  # ifeq ($(_enforce_vndk_lite_at_runtime),false)
+
+_enforce_vndk_at_runtime :=
+_enforce_vndk_lite_at_runtime :=
+
 #######################################
 # llndk.libraries.txt
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
diff --git a/rootdir/etc/ld.config.txt b/rootdir/etc/ld.config.txt
index ba96cc8..a0b1996 100644
--- a/rootdir/etc/ld.config.txt
+++ b/rootdir/etc/ld.config.txt
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 # absolute path of an executable is selected.
 dir.system = /system/bin/
 dir.system = /system/xbin/
+dir.system = /product/bin/
 
 dir.vendor = /odm/bin/
 dir.vendor = /vendor/bin/
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@
 ###############################################################################
 namespace.default.isolated = true
 
-namespace.default.search.paths = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths  = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths += /product/${LIB}
 
 # We can't have entire /system/${LIB} as permitted paths because doing so
 # makes it possible to load libs in /system/${LIB}/vndk* directories by
@@ -49,6 +51,7 @@
 namespace.default.permitted.paths  = /system/${LIB}/drm
 namespace.default.permitted.paths += /system/${LIB}/extractors
 namespace.default.permitted.paths += /system/${LIB}/hw
+namespace.default.permitted.paths += /product/${LIB}
 # These are where odex files are located. libart has to be able to dlopen the files
 namespace.default.permitted.paths += /system/framework
 namespace.default.permitted.paths += /system/app
@@ -68,6 +71,8 @@
 
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths  = /data/asan/system/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.search.paths += /data/asan/product/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /product/${LIB}
 
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths  = /data
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /system/${LIB}/drm
@@ -83,6 +88,7 @@
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /odm/app
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /odm/priv-app
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /oem/app
+namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /product/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /product/framework
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /product/app
 namespace.default.asan.permitted.paths += /product/priv-app
@@ -320,10 +326,13 @@
 ###############################################################################
 namespace.system.isolated = false
 
-namespace.system.search.paths = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.system.search.paths  = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.system.search.paths += /product/${LIB}
 
 namespace.system.asan.search.paths  = /data/asan/system/${LIB}
 namespace.system.asan.search.paths +=           /system/${LIB}
+namespace.system.asan.search.paths += /data/asan/product/${LIB}
+namespace.system.asan.search.paths +=           /product/${LIB}
 
 ###############################################################################
 # Namespace config for binaries under /postinstall.
@@ -335,4 +344,5 @@
 ###############################################################################
 [postinstall]
 namespace.default.isolated = false
-namespace.default.search.paths = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths  = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths += /product/${LIB}
diff --git a/rootdir/etc/ld.config.vndk_lite.txt b/rootdir/etc/ld.config.vndk_lite.txt
index 1fd4195..db65c14 100644
--- a/rootdir/etc/ld.config.vndk_lite.txt
+++ b/rootdir/etc/ld.config.vndk_lite.txt
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 # absolute path of an executable is selected.
 dir.system = /system/bin/
 dir.system = /system/xbin/
+dir.system = /product/bin/
 
 dir.vendor = /odm/bin/
 dir.vendor = /vendor/bin/
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@
 namespace.default.search.paths  = /system/${LIB}
 namespace.default.search.paths += /odm/${LIB}
 namespace.default.search.paths += /vendor/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths += /product/${LIB}
 
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths  = /data/asan/system/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /system/${LIB}
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /odm/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths += /data/asan/vendor/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /vendor/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.search.paths += /data/asan/product/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /product/${LIB}
 
 ###############################################################################
 # "sphal" namespace
@@ -205,6 +209,7 @@
 namespace.default.search.paths += /system/${LIB}/vndk%VNDK_VER%
 namespace.default.search.paths += /system/${LIB}/vndk-sp%VNDK_VER%
 namespace.default.search.paths += /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths += /product/${LIB}
 
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths  = /data/asan/odm/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /odm/${LIB}
@@ -224,6 +229,8 @@
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /system/${LIB}/vndk-sp%VNDK_VER%
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths += /data/asan/system/${LIB}
 namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.search.paths += /data/asan/product/${LIB}
+namespace.default.asan.search.paths +=           /product/${LIB}
 
 ###############################################################################
 # Namespace config for binaries under /postinstall.
@@ -235,4 +242,5 @@
 ###############################################################################
 [postinstall]
 namespace.default.isolated = false
-namespace.default.search.paths = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths  = /system/${LIB}
+namespace.default.search.paths += /product/${LIB}
diff --git a/rootdir/init.rc b/rootdir/init.rc
index d3504ad..197047d 100644
--- a/rootdir/init.rc
+++ b/rootdir/init.rc
@@ -419,6 +419,7 @@
     mkdir /data/misc/radio 0770 system radio
     mkdir /data/misc/sms 0770 system radio
     mkdir /data/misc/carrierid 0770 system radio
+    mkdir /data/misc/apns 0770 system radio
     mkdir /data/misc/zoneinfo 0775 system system
     mkdir /data/misc/textclassifier 0771 system system
     mkdir /data/misc/vpn 0770 system vpn